Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

Section A
1 Which of the following could not be an element in Group 2?

2 Chlorides of Group 1 elements produce coloured flames when

3 This question is about the following compounds.

A Barium carbonate
B Lithium nitrate
C Potassium bromide
D Potassium nitrate
(a) Which compound gives a green colour in a flame test?

(b) Which compound gives a lilac colour in a flame test and does not
decompose on heating?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

4 20 cm3 of sulfuric acid, concentration 0.25 mol dm–3, was neutralized in a

titration with barium hydroxide, concentration 0.50 mol dm–3. The equation for
the reaction is
Ba(OH)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) 
→ BaSO4(s) + 2H2O(l)
(a) The volume of barium hydroxide required was

(b) During the titration, the barium hydroxide was added until it was present in
excess.
The electrical conductivity of the titration mixture

5 Which of the following trends occurs going down the elements in Group 2?

6 Which of the following is not a true statement about hydrogen iodide?

7 As you go down Group 2 of the Periodic Table, which of the following

decreases?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

8 Which concentrated acid would be best for mixing with a salt to carry out a
flame test?

9 The flame produced by a compound containing barium in a flame test is

10 During a titration, when the solution in a pipette is transferred to a conical

flask, a small amount of liquid remains in the tip of the pipette. This situation
should be dealt with by

11 The tolerance of a 25 cm3 pipette is ±0.06 cm3. The percentage error in the
measurement of 25 cm3 using this pipette is

12 A series of titrations is carried out using the same conical flask. Before
carrying out each titration, the conical flask must be

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13 When excess calcium is added to water, effervescence occurs and

14 When samples of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, and calcium nitrate,

Ca(NO3)2, are Heated

15 Which of the following properties of the elements chlorine, bromine and

iodine increases with increasing atomic number?

16 A solid gives a red colour in a flame test and reacts with concentrated
sulfuric acid to produce steamy fumes, but no other gases. The solid could be

17 Which of the following statements is correct?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

18 Going down Group 7 from chlorine to iodine

19 What colour is the vapour which forms when concentrated sulfuric acid is
added to solid potassium iodide?

20 Calculate the volume of dilute hydrochloric acid, concentration 0.200 mol

dm–3, needed to neutralize 20 cm3 of aqueous calcium hydroxide,
concentration 0.100 mol dm–3.
2HCl(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) 
→ CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

21 The correct balanced equation for the reaction between heated

magnesium and steam, including state symbols, is

22 This question concerns the trends in properties on descending Group 2 of

the Periodic Table.
(a) What are the trends in solubility of sulfates and hydroxides down Group 2?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

(b) What are the trends in thermal stability of carbonates and nitrates down
Group 2?

(c) What are the trends in first ionization energy and electronegativity of the
elements down Group 2?

23 Which silver halide is a cream coloured solid which darkens in sunlight and
dissolves in concentrated ammonia solution?

24 The enthalpy change of neutralization of an acid by an alkali is measured

by adding 10.0 cm3 of hydrochloric acid to 10.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide. 10.0
cm3 pipettes with an accuracy of ±0.04 cm3 are used to measure out both
solutions.
The overall percentage error in measuring the total volume of the reaction
mixture is

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

25 The colour observed in a flame test is due to

26 The best way to confirm the presence of iodine in an aqueous solution is

27 When solid samples of sodium carbonate and magnesium carbonate are

strongly heated

28 As Group 2 is descended

29 Going down Group 2 from calcium to barium

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30 Hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate solution react as shown below.

2HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) 
→ 2NaCl(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Which sample of sodium carbonate solution will be neutralized by 20 cm3 of
0.05 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid?

31 A white solid produces oxygen when it is heated, but no other gases. The
solid could be

32 A solid is soluble in water and produces steamy acidic fumes with

concentrated sulfuric acid. The solid could be

33 What would be the experimental observations if chlorine gas was bubbled

through potassium iodide solution, followed by the addition of cyclohexane?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

34 When a flame test is carried out on calcium iodide, the colour of the flame
is

35 Consider the following Group 2 compounds.

The solubility

36 Which of the following is the correct equation for the decomposition of the
corresponding nitrate?

37 For barium, the third ionization energy is higher than the second ionization
energy because

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

38 When steam is passed over heated magnesium, which of the following

occurs?

39 Which of the following properties decreases on descending Group 2 of the

Periodic Table?

40 Compound X is an anhydrous, white solid which decomposes on heating

to form a white solid residue, a colourless gas, and a colourless vapour which
condenses to a colourless liquid.

41 Which of the following describes the appearance of iodine under the stated
conditions?

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

42 Which is the equation for the reaction when steam passes over strongly
heated magnesium?

43 What happens to the solubilities of the hydroxides and sulfates as Group 2

is descended?

44 Which one of the following substances forms when a few drops of

concentrated sulfuric acid is added to sodium chloride?

45 25.00 cm3 of 1.00 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid is fully neutralized by 50.00 cm3 of
1.00 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide.
(a) What is the concentration of sodium sulfate solution produced by the
reaction, in mol dm–3?

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(b) The volumes are measured using burettes, with each burette reading
having an uncertainty of ±0.05 cm3.
The percentage error in measuring the 25.00 cm3 of the acid is

46 A solution of a metal salt produced a white precipitate with barium chloride

solution and the mixture fizzed when dilute nitric acid was added. The metal
salt could be

47 The least soluble hydroxide and least soluble sulfate of barium and
magnesium are

48 The reaction which results in effervescence is

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

49 Separate samples of lithium carbonate and magnesium carbonate were

heated using the apparatus shown.

(a) The limewater went cloudy for

(b) In a test with limewater, the cloudiness is due to the formation of a

precipitate of

50 Anhydrous calcium nitrate decomposes on heating.

(a) This action of heat produces a white solid and

(b) Decomposition occurs quite easily because of the

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Edexcel Chemistry IAS Group 2 and Group 7_Worksheet_1

51 Which observations about silver chloride and silver bromide are correct?

52 Which shows the trend in solubility of the hydroxides and sulfates of the
Group 2 elements going up the group from barium to magnesium?

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Section B
Q1.
Magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, decomposes when it is heated. One product is
the brown gas, nitrogen dioxide.
(a) (i) Write an equation for this reaction. State symbols are not required.
(2)

(ii) Calcium nitrate decomposes in a similar way to magnesium nitrate, but at

a higher temperature.
Explain why the two nitrates have different stability to heat.
(2)
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(b) Sodium nitrate decomposes to give different products to magnesium
nitrate. Write an equation for the decomposition of sodium nitrate. State
symbols are not required.
(1)

Q2.
This question is about some reactions of halogens and halide ions.
(a) (i) When chlorine is added to a solution containing bromide or iodide ions,
a colour change occurs. What solvent would you add to the mixture to confirm
the identity of the halogen produced?
(1)
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(ii) Give the result for the test with this solvent in a reaction in which bromine
is produced.
(1)
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(b) (i) Solid potassium bromide and potassium iodide can be distinguished by
their reactions with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Potassium bromide reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid initially to produce
hydrogen bromide. This reacts further, as shown below, to produce a sharp
smelling gas and a brown fuming liquid.
2HBr(g) + H2SO4(l) 
→ SO2(g) + Br2(l) + 2H2O(l)
Show, by use of oxidation numbers for sulfur, that the sulfuric acid has been
reduced.
(2)
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(ii) State TWO observations, which would differ from those with potassium
bromide, when potassium iodide reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid.
(2)
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Q3.
The carbonates of Group 2 in the Periodic Table decompose on heating to
form the corresponding metal oxide and carbon dioxide. A general equation
for the reaction is
MCO3(s) 
→ MO(s) + CO2(g)
The thermal stability of these carbonates can be compared in the laboratory
using the apparatus in the diagram below. The test tube on the left contains a
sample of a metal carbonate and the tube on the right contains limewater.

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(a) (i) State the measurement that you would make in this experiment.
(1)
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(ii) Suggest three ways to make sure that, when carrying out this experiment,
the thermal stabilities of the different carbonates are compared fairly.
(3)
1 .........................................................................................................................
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2 .........................................................................................................................
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3 .........................................................................................................................
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(b) (i) State the trend in the thermal stability of the metal carbonates as the
group is descended.
(1)
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*(ii) Explain this trend in stability.
(3)
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Q4.
Metal nitrates decompose on heating. Potassium nitrate, KNO3, decomposes
to form potassium nitrite and oxygen, whereas calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2,
decomposes to form calcium oxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen.
(a) Write equations for the decomposition of each of these metal nitrates.
State symbols are not required.
(2)
(i) Potassium nitrate

(ii) Calcium nitrate

(b) State two things that you would see when anhydrous calcium nitrate is
heated.
(2)
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*(c) Explain why potassium nitrate and calcium nitrate decompose to form
different products.
(3)
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Q5.
(a) Complete the missing details from the reaction flowchart shown below,
giving the condition for A and using chemical formulae for answers B, C and
D. State symbols are not required.
(4)

(b) In certain areas of the UK, calcium and magnesium carbonates tend to be
deposited as an off-white solid on the inside surface of pipes and the surface
of heating elements in kettles. These deposits can be removed by treatment
with a weak acid. An equation for this is shown below.
CaCO3(s) + 2HA(aq) _ CaA2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
State one observation, other than the solid disappearing, that would be made
when the above reaction is carried out.
(1)
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(c) The thermal stability of these carbonates depends on a combination of
factors, including the size of their lattice energies.
Explain why the lattice energy of calcium carbonate is less exothermic than
that of magnesium carbonate.
(2)
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(d) Calcium and magnesium ions can be distinguished by the use of a flame
test.
State the difference in the flame colour and explain how colours in a flame are
produced in terms of electronic transitions.
(3)
Calcium ..............................................................................................................
Magnesium ........................................................................................................
Colour produced by
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Q6.
This is a question about Group 2 elements and their compounds.
*(a) Explain why the first ionization energy of calcium (590 kJ mol–1) is greater
than that of strontium (550 kJ mol–1).
(2)
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(b) (i) Describe how you would carry out a flame test on a sample of a Group
2 metal salt.
(2)
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(ii) What result of the flame test would confirm the presence of a barium salt?
(1)
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*(iii) Explain, in terms of electronic transitions, how the result of the flame test
arises.
(3)
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(c) Barium reacts with water to form a clear, colourless solution.
(i) Give the name or formula of the barium compound formed.
(1)
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(ii) State another observation that would be made when barium reacts with
water.
(1)
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(d) Barium reacts with chlorine gas to form barium chloride as shown in the
equation below.
Ba(s) + Cl2(g) 
→ BaCl2(s)
(i) Use the changes in oxidation numbers to show that this is a redox reaction.
(2)
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(ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between barium chloride solution
and dilute sulfuric acid. Include state symbols in the equation.
(2)
(iii) The reaction in (d)(ii) is used to test for sulfate ions.
Why is dilute hydrochloric acid added with the barium chloride solution in this
test?
(1)
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