Module 002: Internet Basics: How Does The Internet Works?

MIS-6112 / Introduction to the World Wide Web
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[Week 2: Internet Basics]
Module 002: Internet Basics
In this module, we are going to discuss the Basics of Internet and Different
Types of Networks.
After completing this chapter you will be able to:

1. To explain the concept of a network
2. To differentiate the different types of network
3. To identify the advantages of a network
4. To discuss the difference of network and internet
How does the Internet Works?

“The internet is the largest computer network in the world, connecting millions
of computers.”
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together.

The internet is a massive web of connected computers, all of which can talk to each
other. When you connect to the internet, your computer can talk to other computers
and they can talk to your computer.
The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic

devices. With the Internet, it's possible to access almost any information,
communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more.
Figure 1: Internet Connectivity
Course Module
Image grab from: https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/internetbasics/what-is-the-internet/1/
You can do all of this by connecting a computer to the Internet, which is also
called going online. When someone says a computer is online, it's just another way of
saying it's connected to the Internet.
The internet is a type of network and called network of networks.
Computer Networks
Computer network is the infrastructure that allows two or more computers

(called hosts) to communicate with each other.
• A network can be defined as a group of computers and other devices
connected in some ways so as to be able to exchange data. -Each of the devices
on the network can be thought of as a node; each node has a unique address.
• A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of
hardware components and computers interconnected by
communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information.
The network achieves this by providing a set of rules for communication, called
protocols, which should be observed by all participating hosts.
A communications protocol is a set of rules for exchanging information over a network
There are several types of computer networks that can be used for the purpose of
data communication and information sharing.
Figure 2: Different types of Networks
Different Types of Networks

1. Intranet
An intranet is a set of networks, using the Internet Protocol and IP-based
tools such as web browsers and file transfer applications that is under
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the control of a single administrative entity. That administrative entity

closes the intranet to all but specific, authorized users. Most commonly, an
intranet is the internal network of an organization.
Figure 3: Intranet Network Diagram
Image grab from http://dhanam.net.in/services/intranet.html
2. Extranet
An Extranet is a computer network used outside the intranet. An extranet
is a computer network that allows controlled access from the outside, for
specific business or educational purposes. In a business-to-business
context, an extranet can be viewed as an extension of an organization's
intranet that is extended to users outside the organization.
Figure 4: Extranet Network Diagram
Image grab from: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-the-internet-intranet-

and-extranet
Course Module
3. Local Area Network (LAN)
Local area Network (LAN) is a network that connects two or more
computers and devices in a limited geographical area, often in the same
building such as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or
closely positioned group of buildings.
Each computer or device on the network is a node.
Figure 5: LAN Diagram
Image grab from: https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/lan-networking-services-

17402289230.html
4. Wide Area Network

A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a large
geographic area such as a city, country, or spans even intercontinental
distances, using a communications channel that combines many types of
media such as telephone lines, cables, and airwaves. A WAN often uses
transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone
companies.
Figure 6: WAN Diagram

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Image grab from: http://www.itrelease.com/2018/07/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-wide-

area-network-wan/
5. Enterprise Private Network (EPN)

An Enterprise Private Network is a type of network that is designed for
private communication within an organization. This type of network is
only accessible from within the enterprise.
Figure 7: EPN Diagram
Image grab from: https://www.networkstraining.com/different-types-of-networks/
6. Virtual Private Network (VPN)

A Virtual Private Network is a type of network that makes use of existing
private or public network infrastructure to provide a secured network
connection. This is often achieved by creating an encrypted tunnel for
secured end-to-end connectivity.
Figure 8: VPN Diagram
Image grab from: https://www.networkstraining.com/different-types-of-networks/
Course Module
Why do we need a Network?
The network offers the following advantages:
 Networks provide a fast and effective method for sharing & transferring files
 The network version of most software programs is available at considerable
savings as compared to buying seat licensed copy for each of them.
 You don't need to load all the software on every computer. Instead, load in
the primary server and use on every computer connected to the network.
 Easy connectivity and fast communication
 Internet Access Sharing
 Helps you in performance enhancement and load balancing
Properties of a Network
 Facilitate communications. Using a network, people can communicate
efficiently and easily via email, instant messaging, chat rooms, telephone,
video telephone calls, and video conferencing.
 Permit sharing of files, data, and other types of information. In a network
environment, authorized users may access data and information stored on
other computers on the network. The capability of providing access to data
and information on shared storage devices is an important feature of many
networks.
 Share network and computing resources. In a networked environment,
each computer on a network may access and use resources provided by
devices on the network, such as printing a document on a shared network
printer. Distributed computing uses computing resources across a network to
accomplish tasks.
 May be insecure. A computer network may be used by computer hackers to
deploy computer viruses or computer worms on devices connected to the
network, or to prevent these devices from normally accessing the network
(denial of service).
 May be difficult to set up. A complex computer network may be difficult to
set up. It may also be very costly to set up an effective computer network in a
large organization or company
Difference between Network and Internet

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References and Supplementary Materials
Online Supplementary Reading Materials

1. Introduction to the Internet Technologies
https://www.academia.edu/9781930/Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Internet_Inter
net_Technologies_Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Internet
Date accessed: November 2019
2. How does the Internet Works
https://medium.com/@User3141592/how-does-the-internet-work-
edc2e22e7eb8
Date accessed: December 2019
3. Computing Basics: Chapter 9 The Internet
https://ftms.edu.my/v2/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/csca0101_ch09.pdf
4. Introduction to the Internet: Internet technologies
https://www.academia.edu/9781930/Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Internet_Inter
net_Technologies_Chapter_1_Introduction_to_Internet
5. Introduction to the Internet
https://www.telstra.com.au/content/dam/tcom/seniors/pdf/beginners-intro-
internet-part1.pdf
Course Module
6. Different types of Networks
https://www.networkstraining.com/different-types-of-networks/
7. What is the Internet
https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/internetbasics/what-is-the-internet/1/
8. Difference between Network and Internet
https://www.guru99.com/difference-between-network-and-internet.html
Online Instructional Videos

1. Network Types
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_zSIXb7tLQ

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MIS-6112 / Introduction to the World Wide Web

Module 002: Internet Basics

After completing this chapter you will be able to:

How does the Internet Works?

A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together.

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic

Figure 1: Internet Connectivity

The internet is a type of network and called network of networks.

Computer network is the infrastructure that allows two or more computers

Figure 2: Different types of Networks

Different Types of Networks

the control of a single administrative entity. That administrative entity

Figure 3: Intranet Network Diagram

Image grab from http://dhanam.net.in/services/intranet.html

Figure 4: Extranet Network Diagram

Image grab from: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-the-internet-intranet-

Figure 5: LAN Diagram

Image grab from: https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/lan-networking-services-

4. Wide Area Network

Figure 6: WAN Diagram

Image grab from: http://www.itrelease.com/2018/07/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-wide-

5. Enterprise Private Network (EPN)

Figure 7: EPN Diagram

Image grab from: https://www.networkstraining.com/different-types-of-networks/

6. Virtual Private Network (VPN)

Figure 8: VPN Diagram

Image grab from: https://www.networkstraining.com/different-types-of-networks/

Difference between Network and Internet

References and Supplementary Materials

Online Supplementary Reading Materials

Online Instructional Videos

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