Sem1-South-ASSESSMENT – MYCOLOGY AND VIROLOGY

1. In lactophenol cotton blue, what is the staining medium?

A. Cotton blue C. Glycerine
B. Lactic Acid D. Phenol

Cotton blue – acid dye that stains the chitin

Lactic acid – preserves the fungal structure
Phenol – kills any live organisms

2. All are true for fungi except:

A. Non-motile C. Lack chlorophyll
B. Presence of cell wall D. Infectious form

Infectious form: spores

3. This is categozied as the most common fungi worldwide:

A. M. furfur C. C. Albicans
B. C. immitis D. P. boydii

4. The fragmentation of hyphal cells is seen on what conidia:

A. Arthroconidia (fragmentation)
B. Blastoconidia (buds off, budding ex. Yeast cells)
C. Chlamydoconidia (enlargement of hyphal cells)
D. All of the above

ANS: A
Arthroconidia – Fragmentation
Blastoconidia – Budding, examples are yeast cells
Chlamydoconidia – enlargement of hyphal cells

5. What is the color or Aspergillus niger on culture medium?

A. White
B. Yellow
C. Black
D. Green

6. Which of the following is NOT associated with verrucous dermatitidis?

A. C. carionii
B. F. pedrosoi
C. P. boydii
D. P. verrucosa

Verrucous dermatitidis. Chromoblastomycosis: P. verrucosa, C. carrionii, F. pedrosoi

Choices for no. 7-11 A. True B. False Answers (7-11): ABBBA

true 7. Paramyxovirus can undergo antigenic shift

false8. Naked virus is sensitive to ether – enveloped virus is more sensitive to alcohol
false 9. The causative agent of shingles is Varicella
false 10. Majority of virus under Bunyaviridae is rodent borne only rodent borne Bunyavirus (mostly anthropod borne)
true 11. Dengue virus is under flaviviridae

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12. What are hemagglutinin and neuraminidase?
A. Exotoxins produced by influenza virus
B. Glycoprotein receptors on influenza’s target cells
C. Glycoproteins on influenza virus that contribute to virulence
D. Proteins found in the nucleus of influenza virus
E. Proteins that surround each segment of the nucleic acid in influenza
13. What virus commonly undergoes both antigenic shifts and antigenic drifts?
A. HIV
B. Ebola (under filovirus)
C. Rotavirus
D. Influenza
E. Rabies
14. Ebola is a member of what family of viruses?
A. Filovirus
B. Retrovirus
C. Orthomyxoviru
D. Togavirus
E. Coronavirus
15. What increases the possibility of antigenic shift in influenza virus?
a. The presence of neutralizing antibodies to influenza
b. The presence of herd immunity
c. The annual flu shot
d. Aerosol transmission of influenza
e. The simultaneous infection of one animal with two different strains of influenza
16. What is the body’s target site for the paramyxovirus that causes mumps?
A. Throat
B. Mouth
C. Parotid gland
D. Adenoid Glands
E. Thyroid glands
17. Koplik spots are associated with what illness?
A. Mumps
B. Measles
C. German measles
D. RSV infection – multinucleated giant cells
E. Influenza
Kopliks spots – bluish sposts with a red hale, hallmark of measles
18. What virus can cause teratogenic effects?
A. SARS
B. Rabies
C. Influenza
D. Hanta
E. Rubella (Rubivirus)
19. The CDC has discovered the presence of the Asian tiger mosquito in several states along the southern border of
the United States. They worry that this mosquito could be a potential vector for what disease?
a. Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
b. Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
c. St. Louis Encephalitis
d. Yellow Fever
e. Dengue Fever

ANS: E
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20. Which of the following is not associated with aseptic meningitis?
A. Enteroviruses – most common cause of aseptic meningitis
B. Rabies virus
C. Measles virus
D. Adenovirus
E. HSV (herpes simplex virus)

21. Polyoma virus associated with hemorrhagic cystitis

A. JC Virus D. HPV
B. BK Virus E. HSV
C. MC virus – Merkell cell carcinoma

22. Poliovirus has an affinity for what body system?

A. Gastrointstinal system
B. Nervous system
C. Genitourinary system
D. Circulatory System
E. Reticuloendothelial system

23. How is hepatitis A transmitted?

A. Respiratory droplets C. Sexually transmitted
B. Fomites D. Fecal-oral route

24. Colds can be caused by all by which (except) of the following viruses?
A. Rhinovirus
B. Coronavirus
C. Adenovirus
D. Retrovirus – HIV
E. Paramyxovirus

25. Which inclusion bodies are found in cells infected by yellow fever virus?
A. Torres councilman bodies
B. Bollinger bodies – fowl pox
C. Wartin Finkeldey bodies – measles
D. Guarnieri Paschen bodies – variola and varicella
E. Cowdry Type A – HSV and VZV

26. Which receptors of the influenza virus are responsible for binding to the host cell?
A. hemagglutinin – viral attachment C. Type A
B. neuraminidase – facilitate release of virions D. Capsid proteins

27. Hepatitis virus that belongs to the family Flaviviridae

a. Hepatitis A Picornavirus
b. Hepatitis B Hepadnavirus
c. Hepatitis C Flavivirus
d. Hepatitis D Deltavirus
e. Hepatitis E Hepevirus

28. For which disease is a exanthema (skin rash) not a symptom?

A. measles
B. Rubella
C. Coxsackie infection
D. Parainfluenza

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29. ___________ is a life-threatening disease in infants caused by _____________
A. mumps, morbillivirus
B. Croup, respiratory syncytial virus
C. Encephalitis, calicivirus
D. Hairy-cell leukemia, HTLV II
30. Site of latency of HSV-1
A. motor nerve ganglia
B. sensory nerve ganglia
C. B Lymphocytes
D. Macrophages
E. Both motor and sensory nerve ganglia
31. What property of the retroviruses enables them to integrate into the host genome
A. the RNA they carry
B. presence of glycoprotein receptors
C. prescence of reverse transcriptase
D. A positive-sense genome
32. Which of the following is the causative agent of Hong Kong flu?
A. H1N1
B. H2N2
C. H3N3
D. H1N2
E. H3N2
33. Polio and hepatitis A viruses are _______- viruses
A. Arbo (anthropod borne)
B. Enteric
C. Cold
D. Syncytial
34. Rhinoviruses are the most common cause of
A. conjunctivitis
B. Gastroenteritis
C. Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
D. The common cold

35. Which of the following infection routes is most often involved in the neonatal hepatitis B virus (HBV)?
a. Blood Transfusion
b. Fetal Contact with infected blood during childbirth
c. Ingestion of the virus via maternal breast milk
d. Transmission of the virus from hospital personnel during childhood
e. Transplacental transmission of the virus
36. The findings of large multinucleated, clumps of cells in the bronchial secretions of a 2 year old girl with acute
bronchopneumonia suggests that this infection is caused by:
a. HPV d. Rhinovirus
b. Epstein-Barr Virus e. RSV
c. HSV
37. Norwalk virus is implicated in adult gastroenteritis due to ingestion of contaminated:
a. Water c. Improperly Cooked Ground Beef
b. Shellfish d. A and B
38. The human virus that has been associated with Burkitt’s lymphoma (a malignant….) is:
A. cytomegalovirus D. Epstein-Barr Virus
B. Human papilloma virus E. Enterovirus
C. Retrovirus

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39. All are DNA viruses except:
a. Coxsackie Virus
b. Epstein Barr Virus
c. Cytomegalovirus
d. Chicken Pox virus
e. Parvovirus
40. The protein coat of the virus is known as:
A. virion C. Capsid
B. envelope D. Capsomere
41. Which type of virus is more sensitive to treatment of ether and other organic solvent
A. Naked virus C. Icosahedral virus
B. Enveloped virus D. Helical virus
42. An example of a latent viral infection occurring in humans is:
a. Influenza c. Rubella
b. Rotavirus d. Varicella-Zoster
43. Steps involved in virus pathology include all of the following except
A. Attachment C. Synthesis
B. Nuclear division D. Penetration
44. Which of the ff. indicates the presence of a viral infection in tissue smears
A. cytopathic effect
B. Intranuclear inclusions (caused by DNA viruses)
C. Cell lysis
D. Penetration
45. When viruses multiply in tissue culture they:
A. produce visible growth
B. may produce cytopathogenic change in cells
C. produce color change
D. do not require a fluid medium
46. At what temperature should clinical specimens suspected of containing viruses that takes days?
A. -70°C C. 4°C
B. 37°C D. -10°C
47. Group B coxsackie viruses are associated with:
A. gastrointestinal disease
B. Herpangina
C. Myocarditis
D. The common cold
E. NOTC (myalgia, pleurodyna)
48. Select the statement that is correct concerning the influenza viruses
A. Humans are the only animal hosts for influenza viruses
B. Pandemics are characteristically produced by influenza A
C. The incidence of infection peaks in the summer months
D. They are DNA viruses
49. Which of the following is not an enterovirus:
a. Poliovirus d. Rotavirus
b. Coxsackie A e. Parechovirus
c. Echovirus
50. Erythema infectiousum is caused by
A. JC virus C. B19
B. BK virus D. HHV-6