Learning To Know Involves The Development of The Faculties of Memory

Learning to know involves the development of the faculties of memory, imagination, reasoning,
problem-solving, and the ability to think in a coherent and critical way. It is ‘a process of discovery’,
implies a shift from skill to competence, or a mix of higher-order skills specific to each individual. ‘The
ascendancy of knowledge and information as factors of production systems is making the idea of
occupational skills obsolete and is bringing personal competency to the fore’. Thus ‘learning to do’
means, among other things, ability to communicate effectively with others; aptitude toward team work;
social skills in building meaningful interpersonal relations; adaptability to change in the world of work
and in social life; competency in transforming knowledge into innovations and job-creation; and a
readiness to take risks and resolve or manage conflicts.
Principles of Humanistic Education
There are five basic priniciples of humanistic education:
1) Students should be able to choose what they want to learn. Humanisticteachers believe that
students will be motivated to learn a subject if it'ssomething they need and want to know.
2) The goal of education should be to foster students' desire to learn andteach them how to learn.
Students should be self-motivated in their studies anddesire to learn on their own.
3) Humanistic educators believe that grades are irrelevant and that onlyself-evaluation is
meaningful. Grading encourages students to work for a gradeand not for personal satisfaction. In
addition, humanistic educators areopposed to objective tests because they test a student's ability
to memorize anddo not provide sufficient educational feedback to the teacher and student.
4) Humanistic educators believe that both feelings and knowledge areimportant to the learning
process. Unlike traditional educators, humanistic teachers do not separate the cognitive and
affective domains.
5) Humanistic educators insist that schools need to provide students with anonthreatning
environment so that they will feel secure to learn. Once studentsfeel secure, learning becomes
easier and more meaningful.
Summary:
The five basic principles of humanistic education can be summarized asfollows:
1) Students' learning should be self-directed.
2) Schools should produce students who want and know how to learn.
3) The only form of meaningful evaluation is self-evaluation.
4) Feelings, as well as knowledge, are important in the learning process.

5) Students learn best in a nonthreatening environment.
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The evolved 21st century classroom is a productive environment in which students can
develop the skills they will require in the workplace and teachers are facilitators of their
learning. The focus of a 21st century classroom is on students experiencing the
environment they will enter as modern day workers and developing their higher order
thinking skills, effective communication skills, collaboration skills, making them adept
with using technology and all other skills that they will need in the 21 st century
workplace.
The educational practices of the traditional classroom are no longer effective and
teachers must develop new teaching strategies that are radically different from those
employed in the traditional classrooms. The modern day classroom should be more
centered on students and teachers should take the role of facilitators and guides instead
of being mere providers of knowledge. They must ensure that they engage their
students in learning and provide effective instruction using a variety of instructional
methods and following different pedagogical approaches aided with technology. They
should be active participants in their own learning and must seek out professional
development to improve their performance and their students’ learning.
A 21st century classroom has many characteristics associated with it which distinguish it
from the classrooms of the past centuries. The top 10 characteristics of a 21st
century classroom are:
Student-centric: In these classrooms, students play an active role in their learning

and teachers serve as mere guides. They are more facilitators of learning than
lecturers. They help students think critically and learn by doing and act as a resource
while their students discover and master new concepts. Student-centric classroom
environments put students’ interests first and are focused on each student’s needs,
abilities and learning styles.
Computing devices: Computers are readily available in modern classrooms, since

they are essential tools for 21st century students and replace the utilities of pen and
paper. They not only give students the means to conduct online research and
master the technology skills they need, but they also give teachers the opportunity to
enhance their lessons. The ability to deftly operate a computer is a critical 21st
century skill. Computing devices greatly assist in teaching and learning and make
them more engaging and effective.
Active learning: In modern classrooms, students are actively engaged in what they
learn. Students participate in more active learning by working in groups or on
computers and complete projects and other interesting activities that help them
discover new skills. Students can learn actively by talking and listening, writing,
reading and reflecting. When students are encouraged to take an active interest in
learning, they are more likely to retain the knowledge they’ve accumulated.
Adaptive learning: Any classroom will always have students of different types of
learning abilities in it which often makes it difficult for teachers to make sure that all
of them understand the concepts. The modern approach of adaptive learning gives
students the freedom to learn at their own pace and in the way they are most
comfortable with. There are various kinds of software available for adaptive learning
that teachers can use to enhance the learning of their students.
Invitational environment: The classrooms should not be cramped or overcrowded.
Modern classrooms should have the basic material required for teaching such as,
interactive whiteboards and LCD projectors. The BYOD (Bring-Your-Own-Device)
approach can be adopted, so that students can bring their laptops or tablets to the
classroom for better personalized learning. Teaching with technological material is
more effective, stimulates student engagement, eases the work of teachers and
makes it easy for students to focus on learning.
Students understand and follow the rules and procedures: The learning
environment is carefully planned and well-organized. Class rules, procedures, and
notices of upcoming activities are posted in convenient places to help students stay
on track. Students are constantly encouraged to remind them of their goals and
responsibilities. They follow class routines and understand what they are expected
to achieve each day and how they are to go about it.
Mutual respect: Teachers and students should always have respect for each other.
As now the role of teachers is no longer to be the sage on the stage, students
should not forget their value as they will always receive guidance from them. Also,
teachers should encourage students to speak with confidence and value their
opinions. In a well-disciplined environment, students should also co-operate with and
respect their classmates.
Students take responsibility of their learning: As students are encouraged to

actively participate in their own learning, they become responsible for their learning.
Self-directed students not only encourage each other, but also work with their
teacher to achieve academic and behavioral goals that they themselves have helped
establish. Teachers should employ a variety of strategies to promote responsible
decision-making and create self-reliant students.
Performance-based assessments: Regular performance-based assessments are

carried out by teachers through various methods which are not restricted to tests.
These can be by conducting quizzes and polls. Teachers can utilize projects as well
as other products and performances as assessments to determine student
achievements and needs. Assessments are tailored to the abilities and needs of the
students.
Collaborative learning: Learning through collaboration is one of the most effective

forms of learning. Teaching and learning in isolation are very restrictive and hinder
progress. Learning in groups enhances the scope of learning and develops critical
thinking. Collaborative learning activities include collaborative writing, group projects,
joint problem solving, debates and more. Collaborative learning redefines traditional
student-teacher relationship in the classroom.
Technology plays a big role in developing all of these characteristics for modern
classrooms. These classrooms enhance the learning experience and better prepare
students for higher education and workforce. Share your views and other characteristics
that you would like to see in your 21st century classrooms. The Comment Box awaits
you.

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Learning to know involves the development of the faculties of memory, imagination, reasoning,

Principles of Humanistic Education

There are five basic priniciples of humanistic education:

The five basic principles of humanistic education can be summarized asfollows:

1) Students' learning should be self-directed.

3) The only form of meaningful evaluation is self-evaluation.

4) Feelings, as well as knowledge, are important in the learning process.

Student-centric: In these classrooms, students play an active role in their learning

Computing devices: Computers are readily available in modern classrooms, since

Students take responsibility of their learning: As students are encouraged to

Performance-based assessments: Regular performance-based assessments are

Collaborative learning: Learning through collaboration is one of the most effective

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