the output of asystem is y(t)=2 3 4 5 x(t)+ 7 5 -2 u(t) the no.

of 6 7 8 9
1 0 4 inputs and outs are
A) 3 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 2 AND 4
d) 4 and 2
ANSWER :A

the state equation of a system is .= -1 5 1 4 0

x 0 -4 3 x(t)+ 3 -2 u(t) the no. of
2 0 1 1 5
inputs and order of the system
A) 2 and 3
B) 3 and 2
c) 3 and 3
D) 1 and 3
ANSWER :A

the output equation of a n order system is y(t)=cx(t)+du(t) if m and p are

no. of inputs and outputs the order of c matrix is
A) pxn
B) pxm
C) nxm
D) nxn
ANSWER:A
state space analysis is a
A) time domain approach with non zero initial conditions
B) time domain approach with zero initial conditions
C) frequency domain approach with non zero initial conditions
D) frequency domain approach with zero initial conditions
ANSWER:A
the no. of state variables for a system G(s)=1/spower3plus5spower
2plus6splus10 is
A) 1
B) 3
C) 2
D) 9
ANSWER:B
the no. of state variables for n th order system is
A) n
B) n plus 1
C) n minus 1
D) 2n-1

-1 0 0 0
0 -2 0 0
0 0 -3 0
0 6 0 -4
the system matrix is given by A =
the order of the system
A) 3
B) 5
C) 4
D) 2
ANSWER :C
in diagonalcanonical form if the input matrix B has all is then the output
matrix c contains
A) all 1s
B) all zeros
C) residues of system poles
D) none
physical variables are
A) measurable and can be utilized for feedback
B) measurable and can not be utilized for feedback
C) not measurable and can be utilized for feedback
D) neither measurable nor can be utilized for feedback

the technique of transforming a given state model with distinct eigen values
into diagonal canonical form is known as
A) diagonalization
B) jordon
C) contrallable
D) observable
ANSWER:A
A system is characterized by x=axplusbu and y=Cx is to be diagonalized by
using the similarity transformation z=Px.the system matrix of transformation system
is
A) PAP
b) inverspAINVERSP
c) AP
d) INVERSPb
ANSWER :B

Classical design methods are based on the procedure

a) trial and error

b) Laplace transform
c) fourier transform
d) none
ANSWER:

The state variables of a systems are not

a) unique
b) non unique
c) unique and non unique
d) none
ANSWER:

Classical design methods are based on the procedure

a) trial and error
b) Laplace transform
c) fourier transform
d) none
ANSWER:

The state variables of a systems are not

a) unique
b) non unique
c) unique and non unique
d) none
ANSWER:

The no.of elements in the state vectoris refered to as the

a) order
b) power
c) none
d) both
ANSWER:

The transfer function approach is applicable to

a) only linear time invariant systems
b) linear time invariant as well as time variant systems�
c) linear and non linear systems
d) all systems
ANSWER:

A state varaiable approach is applicable to

a) only linear time invariant systems
b) linear time invariant as well as time variant systems�
c) linear and non linear systems
d) all systems
ANSWER:

The number of state variables of a system is equal to

a) no of integrators in the systems
b) no of differentiators in the systems
c) both
d) none
ANSWER:

x(t)=ax(t)+bu(t) is called the

a) system equation
b) state equation
C) state transition equation
d) none of these
ANSWER:

A is called the
a) system matrix
b) input matrix
c) state matrix
d) transition matrix
ANSWER:

B is called the
A) system matrix
b) transmission matrix
c) transfer matrix
d) output matrix
ANSWER:

The number of canonical forms is

a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
ANSWER:

The number of ways which STM can be completed is

a) 2
b) 3
c) 6
d) 5
ANSWER:

An nXn matrix is said to be non singular if the rank of the matrix R is

a) R not equal to n
b) R equal to n
c) R equal to n/2
d) R equal to 2n
ANSWER:

Direct decomposition is applicable to transfer function in which

A) denominator is factored form numerator
b) denominator and numerator are factored form
c) denominator and numerator are not factored form
d) all of the above
ANSWER:

The eigen values of the state model of the same as the

a) open loop poles
b) closed loop poles
c) both
d) none of these
ANSWER:

The concept of controllability and observability were introduced by

a) Gilbert
b) Gibson
c) Kalman
d) none of these
ANSWER:

To obtain a state model for electrical n/wthe following are selected as the
state variables
a) current through inductors
b) voltages across capacitors
C) both
d) none
ANSWER:

A state variable formation of a system is given by the equation x1x2 =

-1003x1x2 + 11uY = 10x1x2The TF of the system is
A) 1S+1(S+3)
B) 1S+1
C) 1S+3
D) None
ANSWER:

A state variable formation of a system is given by the equationsx1x2 =

-1003x1x2 + 11u; x1(0) = x2(0) = 0Y = 10x1x2The response y (t) to unit step
input is
A) 1+e-t
B) (1/3) [1-e-3t]
C) 1-e-t
D) None
ANSWER:

The Eigen values of the matrix A = 0100010-3-4 are

A) 0,-1,-3
B) 0,-3,-4
C) 0,0,-4
D) None
ANSWER:
 Given the system x = 00-2010-2401-9x + 310 u; y = 001 x The
characteristic equation of the system is
A) S3+20s2+24s+9=0
B) S3+9s2+24s+20=0
C) S3+24s2+9s+20=0
D) None
ANSWER:

A state variable formation of a system is given by the equationsx1x2 = 112-

1x1x2 + 01uY = 10x1x2The system is
A) Controllable and observable
B) Controllable but unobservable
C) Observable and uncontrollable
D) Uncontrollable and unobservable
ANSWER:

The transfer function G(S) = c (sI-A)-1 b of the system x = Ax +

buy=cx+du as pole-zero cancellation. The system is
A) Observable and uncontrollable
B) Observable and uncontrollable
C) Controllable but unobservable
D) May be any one of A, B, C
ANSWER:

Consider the systemA =0-21-3 ; b =11; c = 01The TF has pole-

zero cancellation. The system is
A) Controllable and observable
B) Uncontrollable and unobservable
C) Controllable but unobservable
D) Observable and uncontrollable
ANSWER:

For all values of �t�, the matrix exponential eAtis non-singular for
A) Singular A
B) Non-singular A
C) All A
D) Nothing can be said
ANSWER:

Consider a second order system whose state space response is of the form
X=AX+BU. If x1(t) = x2(t), then the system is
A) Controllable
B) Uncontrollable
C) Observable
D) Unstable
ANSWER:

The transfer function for the state variable representation X=AX+BU, Y=CX+DU,
is given by
A) D+CsI-A-1B
B) D+BsI-A-1C
C) C+DsI-A-1B
D) B+CsI-A-1C
ANSWER:

The Eigen values of the matrix a1a1 are

A) (a+1), 0
B) a,0
C) (a-1), 0
D) 0,0
ANSWER:

A system is described by X = AX + BU. The output is given by Y = CXWhere A =

-4-13-1 B = 11 C = 10The TF of the system is
A) SS2+5S+7
B) 1S2+5S+7
C) SS2+5S+7
D) 1S2+3S+2
ANSWER:

Given the homogenous state space equation X=-310-2X, the steady state value
of xss=limt?8x(t), given the initial state value of x(0) = 10-10T is
A) xss=00
B) xss=-3-2
C) xss=-1010
D) None
ANSWER:

The state transition matrix for the system X=AX with initial state X(0) is
A) sI-A-1
B) eAtX(0)
C) Laplace inverse of sI-A-1
D) Laplace inverse of [sI-A-1X(0)]
ANSWER:

For a system with the transfer function H(S) = 3(S-2)S3+4S2-2S+1,the matrix A

in the state space form X = AX + BU is equal to
A) 100010-12-4
B) 010001-12-4
C) 0103-211-24
D) 100001-12-4
ANSWER:

For the system X=2305X+10uWhich one of the following statement is true?

A) Controllable but unstable
B) Uncontrollable and unstable
C) Controllable and stable
D) Uncontrollable and stable
ANSWER:

For the system X=2004X+10u; y=40XWith u as input impulse and with zero
initial state, the output y becomes
A) 2e2t
B) 4e2t
C) 2e4t
D) 4e4t
ANSWER:

For a dynamic system, various matrices for a state space model are given by A
= 01-23 B = 01 C = 10 the system poles are located at
A) -2,-1
B) -2,-3
C) -3,-1
D) -1,0
ANSWER:

A state space representation for the TF Y(S)U(S)=S+6S2+5S+6 is x = Ax +

bu; y=cxWhere A = 01-6-5 B = 01 the value of c is
A) �
B) 61
C) 12-10
D) 1-5
ANSWER:

The state variable description of a linear autonomous system, X=AX, where X

is the two dimensional state vector and A is the system matrix given by A =0220.
The roots of the characteristic equation are
A) -2, +2
B) �j2, +j2
C) -2, -2
D) +2, +2
ANSWER:

The state transition matrix is

A) X(t) = t-e-te-t
B) X(t) = t-e-t3e-3t
C) X(t) = t-e-3t3e-3t
D) X(t) = t-e-te-t
ANSWER:

The state space representation of a system is given by x = 010-3X+10u Y =

10x. the TF Y(S)U(S) will be
A) 1s
B) 1s(s+3)
C) 1s+3
D) 1s2
ANSWER:

The state transition matrix is

A) 113(1-e-3t)0e-3t
B) 113(e-t-e-3t)0e-t
C) 113(e-t-e-3t)0e-3t
D) 1(1-e-t)0e-3t.
ANSWER:

An LTI single input single output system has a state space model given by
dxdt=Fx+Gu; y= HzWhere F = 01-1-2 G = 01 H = 10Here x is the state vector, u is
the input and y is the output. The damping ratio of the system is
A) 0.25
B) 0.5
C) 1
D) 2
ANSWER:

The system X=AX+BU with A = -1202 B = 01 is

A) Stable and controllable
B) Stable but uncontrollable
C) Unstable and controllable
D) Unstable and uncontrollable
ANSWER:

A state variable formation of a system is given by the equationsx1x2 = -4-1-

3-1x1x2 + 11u Y = 10x1x2The TF of the system is
A) ss2+5s+1
B) 2ss2+5s+1
C) 3ss2+5s+1
D) None
ANSWER:

The state transition matrix of the system with TF G(S) = 1S2 is

A) 1t01
B) e-1e-t1e
C) eet1e
D) 0100
ANSWER:

A system has X = 010-1X+01u; Y = 11x. Its Transfer function is

A) 1
B) 1s
C) 11+s
D) 1s2
ANSWER:

A linear time invariant system with input u (t) and output y (t) is described
by the equation below.
x1t = x2(t)
x2t = x1(t) + x2(t) +u (t) and y (t) = x1(t) +3 x2(t). The TF is
A) s+3s2-s-1
B) s+3s2+s+1
C) 3s+1s2+s+1
D) 3s+1s2-s-1
ANSWER:

Which one of the following can be extended to systems which are time varying?
A) State model representation
B) Transfer function
C) Bode-Nyquist stability methods
D) Root Locus design
ANSWER:
The state variable description of an LTI system is given by
X1X2X3=0a1000a2a300X1X2X3+001u
IY = 100X1X2X3
Where y is the output and u is the input. The system is controllable for
A) a1?0,a2=0,a3?0
B) a1=0,a2?0,a3?0
C) a1=0,a2?0,a3=0
D) a1?0,a2?0,a3=0
ANSWER:

The state equation of a dynamic system is given by X (t) = A X(t)

-1 1 0 0 0
0 -1 0 0
A= 0 0 -1 0 0
0 0 0 -3 4
0 0 0 -4 -3
The eigen values of the system would be
A) real non-repeated only
B) real non-repeated and complex
C) real repeated
D) real repeated and complex

ANSWER:

The value of A matrix in X = AX for the system described by the differential

equation
(a) sl - Atl
(b) eAt X (0)
(c) Laplace inverse of [(sl - Atl]
(d) Laplace inverse of [(sl - Atl X (0)]

ANSWER:
The value of A matrix in X = AX for the system described by the differential
equation
zero initial state the output, y becomes

A) 2e2t
B) 4e2t
C) 2e4t
D) 4e4t

ANSWER:
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
The eigenvalues of the system represented by X. = 0 0 0 1
A)0,0,0,0
B)1,1,1,1
C)0,0,0,-1
D)1,0,0,0
ANSWER:
Given the homogeneous state-space equation X = [- 3 1] X the steady state
value � -2
ofxss = lim x (t), given the initial state value ofx (0) = [10
t~<X) -lOf, is
A) xss = 0 0
B) -3 -2
C) -10--10
D) NONE
ANSWER: 1 1 b1
Consider the system X (t) =0 1 X(t) +b2 U(t); y (t) = [d l d2] X (t)
The conditions for complete state controllability and complete observability is
A) dl =1= 0, b2 =1= 0, bi and d2 can be anything
B) dl > 0, d2 > 0, bi and b2 can be anything
C) bi =1= 0, b2 =1= 0, dl and dz can be anything
D) bi > 0, b2 > 0, b2 and dl can be anything
ANSWER:
The transfer function of a multi-input multi-output system, with the state-
space
representation of
X =AX+BU Y=CX+DU
where X represents the state, Y the output and U the input vector, will be given by
A) C(sI _Ati B
B) C(sI -Atl B + 0
C) (sl - Ati B + 0
D) (sl _Ati B + 0
The state variable description of a single-input single-output linear system
is given by
K = A X(t) + Q u (t)
yet) = � X (t)
where A = G ~ l b = [~] and c = [1, -1]
The system is
A) controllable and observable
B) controllable but unobservable
C) uncontrollable but observable
D) uncontrollble and unobservable
ANSWER:
Which of the following properties are associated with the state transition matrix ~
(t) ?
1. ~ (-t) = ~-l (t)
2. ~ (t/t2) = ~ (t1). ~-l (t2)
3. ~ (t1 - tz) = ~ (-t2)� ~ (t 1)
Select the correct answer using the codes given below :
Codes:
A) 1, 2 and 3
B) 1 and 2
C) 2 and 3
D) I and 3
ANSWER:
The second order system X = AX has A = [~I ~ I]
The values of its damping factor 1; and natural frequency ron are respectively
A) I and I
B) 0.5 and 1
C) 0.707 and 2
D) I and 2
ANSWER:
A liner system is described by the state equations, [:J = [~ ~] [:J + [~] r
c = Xz
Where r and c are the input and output respectively. The transfer function is :
A) 1 /(s + 1)
B) 1 /(s + 1)2
C) 1 /(s - 1)
D) 1 /(s - 1)2
ANSWER:
The value of A matrix in X = AX for the system described by the differential
equation
y + 2 y + 3y = 0 form is

1 0
A) -2 -1
1 0
B) -1-2
0 1
C) -2 -3
0 1
D) -3 -2
ANSWER:
The state and output equations of a system are as under:
[
XI (t)] [ 0 1] [XI (t)] [0] State equation:. = + u(t)
x2(t) -1 - 2 x2(t) 1
[
XI (t)]
Output equation: C (t) = [1 1] X2(t)
The system is
A) neither state controllable nor output controllable
B) state controllable but not output controllable
C) output controllable but not state controllable
D) both state controllable and output controllable
ANSWER:
The state equation of a linear system is given by X = AX + BU, where
A = [ _0 2 ~] and B = [~]
The state transition matrix of the system is
AJ [e;' e~' 1 [
B)sin 2t cos 2t] [ cos 2t sin 2t]
C ) _ cos 2t sin 2t
- sin 2t cos 2t
D) none
ANSWER:
The state-variable description of a linear autonomous system is X = AX where
X is a
state vector and A = [~ ~ ].
The poles of the system are located at
(a) -2 and + 2 (b) -2j and + 2j (c) -2 and-2 (d) + 2 and +2.
ANSWER:
The state representation of a second order system is x I = -xI + u, X 2 = XI
-2 Xz + u
Consider the following statements regarding the above system :
1. The system is completely state controllable.
2. If XI is the output, then the system is completely output controllable.
3. If x2 is the output, then the system is completely output controllable.
Of these statements
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
( c ) 2 and 3 are correct
(b) 1 and 2 are correct
(d) 1 and 3 are correct
ANSWER:
Let X = [~ ~] X + [~] U
Y = [b 0] X
where b is an unknown constant. This system is
(a) observable for all values ofb
(b) unobservable for all values ofb
(c) observable for all non-zero valuesof b
(d) unobservable for all non-zero values of b
ANSWER:
A particular control system is described by the following state equations:
X = [ � 1 ] X + [0] U and Y = [2 O]X. The transfer function of this system is :

A) Y(s)/U(S) EQUALTO 1/2SSPLUS3SPLUS1

B) Y(s)/U(S)EQUAL TO 2/2SSPLUS3SPLUS1
C) Y(s)/U(S)EQUAL TO 1/SSPLUS3SPLUS2
D) Y(s)/U(S)EQUAL TO2/SSPLUS3SPLUS2
ANSWER:
The state-space representation in phase-variable form for the transfer function

G(s) = 2s+ 1/s2+7s+9 is

A) x= 0 1 x+ [0 1] u;y= [1 2]x
-9 -7
(b) x =1 0 x + 0 1 u; y = [0 1 ]x
-9 -7
(c) x = -9 0 x + 0 1 u; y = [2 O]x
0 -7
(d) x = 9 7 x + 0 1 u; y = [1 2]x
1 0
ANSWER:
The state equation of a system is X =0 1 X + 0 u
-20-9 1
The poles of this system are located at
A) - 1, - 9
B) - 1, - 20
C) - 4, - 5
D) -9,-20
ANSWER:
 The correct sequence of steps needed to improve system stability is
(a) insert derivative action, use negative feedback, reduce gain
(b) reduce gain, use negative feedback, insert derivative action
(c) reduce gain, insert derivative action, use negative feedback
(d) use negative feedback, reduce gain, insert derivative action
Consider the single input, single output system with its state variable
representation:
-1 0 0
0 -2 0
0 0 -3
X= X+ u;y= [1 0 2]X
� � -3 �
The system is
(a) neither controllable nor observable
(c) uncontrollable but observable
(b) controllable but not observable
(d) both controllable and observable