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    Class Test - II (2015-16) Model Answer

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    mech mech1
    The document contains model answers to questions on refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It includes definitions of terms like tons of refrigeration, COP, specific humidity and dew point temperature. It describes the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using P-H and T-S diagrams. It explains the working of a simple vapor absorption system using ammonia as the refrigerant. It lists three differences between vapor absorption and vapor compression systems. It also contains model answers on multi-staging of air conditioners, types of compressors, gas turbine cycles and components like ramjets.

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    Class Test - II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Uploaded by

    mech mech1
    21 views6 pages
    The document contains model answers to questions on refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It includes definitions of terms like tons of refrigeration, COP, specific humidity and dew point temperature. It describes the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using P-H and T-S diagrams. It explains the working of a simple vapor absorption system using ammonia as the refrigerant. It lists three differences between vapor absorption and vapor compression systems. It also contains model answers on multi-staging of air conditioners, types of compressors, gas turbine cycles and components like ramjets.

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    UT-2 (14-15)

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    The document contains model answers to questions on refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It includes definitions of terms like tons of refrigeration, COP, specific humidity and dew point temperature. It describes the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using P-H and T-S diagrams. It explains the working of a simple vapor absorption system using ammonia as the refrigerant. It lists three differences between vapor absorption and vapor compression systems. It also contains model answers on multi-staging of air conditioners, types of compressors, gas turbine cycles and components like ramjets.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    21 views6 pages

    Class Test - II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Uploaded by

    mech mech1
    The document contains model answers to questions on refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It includes definitions of terms like tons of refrigeration, COP, specific humidity and dew point temperature. It describes the vapor compression refrigeration cycle using P-H and T-S diagrams. It explains the working of a simple vapor absorption system using ammonia as the refrigerant. It lists three differences between vapor absorption and vapor compression systems. It also contains model answers on multi-staging of air conditioners, types of compressors, gas turbine cycles and components like ramjets.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Q.1.a) Define (3 –Marks)

    ( i ) Tons of refrigeration – It is the quantity of heat required to remove from one ton of ice within 24
    hours when initial condition of water is 00.
    One ton of refrigeration is equivalent to 210 kJ/ min or 3.5 kW

    (ii) C.O.P. – is the ratio of heat extracted from refrigerator to the work done on the refrigerator.
    COP of refrigerator =

    iii)Specific humidity:- It is defined as the ratio of mass of vapour to the mass of dry air in a given sample
    of moist air. 01
    Specific humidity= ma/ mv
    iv) DPT – Dew point temperature tDP
    - It is the teperature at which air water vapour mixture starts to condense.
    D.P.T. of mixture is defined as the temperature at which water vapours starts to condense

    Q.1b) Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle (Diagram 2 –Marks explanation-1 mark)

    The P-H and T-S diagram for the simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle is shown in the
    figure for vapour entering the compressor is in dry saturation condition The dry and saturated
    vapour entering the compressor at point 1 that vapour compresses isentropic ally from point 1 to
    2 which increases the pressure from evaporator pressure to condenser pressure.

    Q.1 c) Working of Simple Vapor absorption system: (Diagram 2 –Marks explanation-1 mark)
    A Simple Vapor absorption system consists of evaporator, absorber, generator, condenser, expansion
    valve, pump & reducing valve. In this system ammonia is used as refrigerant and solution is used is aqua
    ammonia.
    Strong solution of aqua ammonia contains as much as ammonia as it can and weak solution contains less
    ammonia. The compressor of vapor compressor system is replaced by an absorber, generator, reducing
    valve and pump.

    SIT Page 1
    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    The heat flow in the system at generator, and work is supplied to pump. Ammonia vapors coming out of
    evaporator are drawn in absorber. The weak solution containing very little ammonia is spread in
    absorber. The weak solution absorbs ammonia and gets converted into strong solution. This strong
    solution from absorber is pumped into generator The addition of heat liberates ammonia vapor and
    solution gets converted into weak solution. The released vapor is passed to condenser and weak
    solution to absorber through a reducing valve. Thus, the function of a compressor is done by absorber, a
    generator, pump and reducing valve. The simple vapor compressor system is used where there is
    scarcity of Electricity and it is very useful at partial and full load.

    SIT Page 2
    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Q.1.d) Differences between Vapour Absorption and Vapour Compression refrigeration system
    (Any three- 3marks)

    Q.2.a) Multistaging :- A multistage (or multi-stage) rocket is a rocket that uses two or more stages, each
    of which contains its own engines and propellant.------------------2Marks

    Advantages of Mulitstaging : ( any four) --------2 marks


    1. The air can be cooled in between two cylinders
    2. The power required is less
    3. Mechanical balance is good
    4. Reduced leakage losses
    5. More volumetric efficiency
    6. High pressure range
    7. Comparatively lighter in construction

    SIT Page 3
    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Q.2.b) Difference between Reciprocating Compressor & Rotary Compressor (Any 4, each
    of 1mark)

    Q.2 c) (Indicated power-1Mark, Isothermal power-1 mark & Isothermal


    efficiency -2 Mark )

    Q..3.a)Ram jet – (Fig – 2 marks ; explanation –2 marks)

    SIT Page 4
    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    Ram jet is also alled as Athodyd or flying stove pipe’. - It is a steady


    ombustion or continuous flow engine & has the simplest construction
    of any propulsion engine. - Consist of inlet diffuser, combustion
    chamber & exit nozzle. - Air entering into ram jet with supersonic
    speed is slowed down to sonic speed in supersonic diffuser, increasing
    air pressure. - The air pressure is further increased in the subsonic
    diffuser. - The fuel injected into the combustion chamber is burned
    with the help of flame stabilizers. The high temp & high pressure gases
    are passed through the nozzle converting the pressure energy into
    kinetic energy. - It is not self operating at zero flight velocity. It
    requires launching rockets

    Q.3.b) ( Diagram- 2 Marks ,working -2 marks)

    Gas turbine with reheating ( 2+ 2 marks)


    CC – Combustion Chamber
    C – Compressor

    By reheating or adding heat to exhaust gases after have passed through a part of the rows of turbine
    balding (or stages), a further increase in work done obtained. In reheating, the gas temperature which
    has dropped due to expansion is brought back to approximately the initial temperature for expansion in
    next stage. Since the working fluid contains about 85% of air, additional fuel can be burnt by injecting it

    SIT Page 5
    Class Test –II (2015-16) Model Answer

    into the gases without any additional air supply. The reheat cycle can be shown as 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6.
    The combustion gases from combustion chamber CC1 at temperature T 3 is partially expanded in the HP
    turbine from P2 to intermediate pressure Px. After this, it is them passed through combustion chamber
    CC2 where it is reheated at constant pressure P x so that the temperature of gas is raised from T 4 to T5.
    After this gas is expanded in second stage of turbine reheating is shown by shaded area.

    Q.3.c) ( Diagram-2marks, working -2 marks)


    Constant volume gas turbine Working:- Air from surrounding atmosphere is drawn in compressor and is
    compressed to a pressure of about 3 kN/m 2. The compressed air is then admitted to the combustion
    chamber through the inlet valve. When inlet valve is closed, the fuel oil is admitted by means of a
    separate fuel pump into combustion chamber containing compressed air. The mixture (of air and fuel oil)
    is then ignited by an electric spark, the pressure rising to about 12 kN/m 2, whilst the volume remains
    constant. Thus combustion takes place at constant volume.

    SIT Page 6

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