Massage: The Application of Massage in Sport
Massage: The Application of Massage in Sport
Massage: The Application of Massage in Sport
Massage can be defined as the methodic manipulation of the soft body tissues through
manual or mechanical actions with physiological, psychological, prophylactic and therapeutic
purposes. Massage has effects on the blood circulation, subcutaneous circulation, the arterial
system, the musculoskeletal system, the muscular contraction and the relaxation. It can be
applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearms, feet and other medical aids. In professional
settings massage involves the client being treated while lying on a massage table, sitting in
a massage chair, or lying on a mat on the floor. The massage subject may be fully or
partly unclothed. Parts of the body may be covered with towels or sheets. The most cited reasons
for introducing massage as therapy have been client demand and perceived clinical effectiveness.
Massage therapy is one of the oldest health care practices known to history. References to
massage are found in Chinese medical texts more than 4000 years old and in many writings from
ancient civilizations including Rome, Greece, India, Japan China, Egypt and Mesopotamia. In
modern times massage is popular all over the world and is still gaining in popularity. Medical
researches have shown that the benefits of massage include pain relief in the areas of spinal cord,
shoulder, and back, helps patients with diskal hernia, fault in posture, reduced
trait anxiety and depression, temporarily reduced blood pressure and heart rate. Massage is not
recommended in cases of deep vein thrombosis, bleeding disorders, damaged blood vessels,
hypertension, weakened bones from cancer, osteoporosis, or fractures, and fever. Practitioners of
massage include massage therapists (masseur or masseuse), athletic trainers (the 1996 Summer
Olympics in Atlanta was the first time that massage was offered as a core medical service) and
physical therapists.
The application of massage in sport
According to some research, applying the massage in the medical recovery and
rehabilitation is an important means of shortening the inactivity time of the sportsmen. This
determines the planning and achievement of a bigger training volume, which means 2 or 3
training sessions a day. The massage is one of the most important “relaxations without
inhibition, activation and functional stimulation without effort method”.
It can be applied in the following situations:
- In the training period (usually after the training session);
- In the competition period; before the contest; between contests; after contests;
- In the medical rehabilitation period;
- In case of specific accidents and injuries, as follows: a) in lesions of the peripheral soft
tissues; b) in muscle and tendons lesions; c) in joint injuries; d) in bone injuries; e) in peripheral
nerves injuries; e) in case of functional disorders; f) in over-training; g) in physical exhaustion.