Overview

of PON Technologies and

System Architectures
Presenter: Stephen Kraiman Author: Michael J. Emmendorfer
Septembe 2017 September 26, 2017
 Agenda

• Overview of PON Standards

• Overview of EPON / 10G EPON

• Overview of DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON (DPoE)

• Centralized Access Architecture for PON and Distributed Access Architecture for PON

• Overview of Purpose Built OLT Systems and SDN/NFV Systems for PON

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 2
 Overview of PON Standards
High-Level

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved.

 FTTP Technology Overview
Radio Frequency over Glass (RFoG)
SCTE 174 2010
• RFoG is a media conversion PON technology IEEE PON (Shared Media Standards)
• DOCSIS is the Data Technology
• Supports existing cable practices and systems EPON (IEEE 802.3ah)
• Coexists with Data/IP PON technologies (e.g. EPON / GPON) • 1 Gbit/s Symmetrical
GPON (ITU-T G.984)
• 2.488 Gbit/s down and 1.244 Gbit/s upstream
10G-EPON (IEEE 802.3av)
• Define Backward Compatibility with EPON
XG-PON1 (ITU-T G.987) • 1 Gbit/s Symmetrical
• Not backward compatible with GPON • 10 Gbit/s down and 1 Gbit/s upstream
• WDM Coexistence (parallel networks) • 10 Gbit/s Symmetrical
• 10 Gbit/s down and 2.4 Gbit/s upstream
100G-EPON (IEEE 802.3ca)
XGS-PON (ITU G.9807.1) • 25G, 50G and 100G EPON
• XGS-PON (10/10) • Standard is being defined

NG-PON2 (ITU-T G.989) IEEE Point-to-Point Standards

• Not backward compatible (GPON, XGS, or XG-PON1) • 1 Gbit/s Optical Ethernet (IEEE802.3z)
• 2.4G x 2.4G, 10G x 2.4G, 10G x 10Gbit/s • 10 Gbit/s Optical Ethernet (IEEE802.3ae)
• Time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network • 40 Gbit/s Optical Ethernet (IEEE802.3ba)
(TWDM-PON) • Scaling tools CWDM, DWDM, and AWG
• Defines use of 4 or 8 wavelengths
Source: “Comparing IEEE EPON & FSAN/ITU-T GPON Family of Technologies“, Michael J. Emmendorfer, SCTE-ISBE Workshop, September 2014
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 PON Standard Wavelengths

GPON 1G-EPON XGPON1 10G/1G-EPON 10/10G EPON NG-PON2

Spec ITU-T G.984 IEEE 802.3bk-2013 ITU-T G.987 IEEE 802.3bk-2013 IEEE 802.3bk-2013 ITU-T G.989 Units

PON Rate 2.488/1.244 1.25/1.25 10/2.5 10/1.25 10/10 4X10/10 Gbps

(Gbps)

DS WL 1480-1500 1480-1500 1575-1580 1575-1580 1575-1580 1524-1544 nm

US WL 1310±10 1310±50 1260-1280 1310±50 1270±10 1596-1602 nm

EPON: IEEE 802.3ah 1310 nm ±50 is the standard however, MSOs often select the GPON 1310 nm ±10 Narrow wavelength
band optics (10G/1G upstream may use narrowband optics as well)

GPON Upstream Wavelength Evolution: G.984.2 1310 nm ±50 Regular wavelength band option, G.984.5 1310 nm ±20
Reduced wavelength band option, G.984.5 1310 nm ±10 Narrow wavelength band option

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 Overview of EPON / 10G EPON
High-Level

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved.

 PON Acronyms and Meaning

Term Meaning
ODN Optical Distribution Network, referring to the out side plant OSP. Items include fiber and splitters. The
ODN is traditional all passive, thus no powered equipment in this network segment.

OLT Optical Line Terminal; located at the HE/CO. This network element controls the Downstream and
Upstream signals. The Downstream are broadcast to each premises sharing a fiber. Upstream
signals are combined using a multiple access protocol, invariably time division multiple access
(TDMA). The OLTs "range" the ONUs in order to provide time slot assignments for upstream
communication. Encryption is used to prevent eavesdropping.
The OLT manages traffic to ensure bandwidth amounts and priority for specified services. This is like
a CMTS in the cable network but terminates and manages optical connections end to end.

ONU Optical Network Units; located at the CPE (term associated with EPON or the IEEE version of PON).
This is like a Cable Modem or EMTA in the cable network but terminates an optical connections at the
home/business/MDU.
ONT Optical Network Terminals; located at the CPE (term associated with APON, BPON, GPON and is
based on the ITU-T version of PON)

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 Definition of PON

• A passive optical network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network architecture in which
unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically 32-128.

• A PON consists of an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office or headend and Optical
Network Units (ONUs) are placed at end users locations.

• A PON configuration reduces the amount of fiber from the CO/HE to the end users compared with point-to-point
architectures.

• Downstream signals are broadcast to each premises sharing a fiber.

• Upstream signals are combined using a multiple access protocol, invariably time division multiple access (TDMA).

• The OLTs "range" the ONUs in order to provide time slot assignments for upstream communication.

• Today PON point-to-multi-point fiber technology supports speeds from 1 Gbps to 10Gbps

• Distance from the facility to the end users where often up to 20 km, however today with PON extenders and
Remote OLTs distance from the facility to the end users are much further (80 km or even more is possible) this
mean active network elements are in the optical distribution network (ODN) making PON not exactly passive.
Source: Wikipedia and the Author of this presentation
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 Attributes of EPON

• Shared media technology (many users share the network)

• Subscribers sharing the same PON port could be up to 128 ONUs but often fewer
(the number of ONU per PON port is typcially optical budget limited)

• EPON bandwidth may range for 1, 2, 10 Gbps Symmetrical

• Time slots are used dynamically to allocate bandwidth to subscribers

• Encryption is used to prevent eavesdropping (AES)

• Supports Voice, Video, and Data Services

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 10G EPON OLT System
Downstream Dual-rate WDM
1G DS 1490nm ±10 “and” 10G DS 1577.5 ±2.5
1Gx1G “or”
Upstream Dual-rate TDMA 2G DS x 1G US ONUs
Existing Deployment?
1G US 1310nm ±50 (wideband) or
1G US 1310nm ±10 (narrowband)
and 10G US 1270nm ±10 single SERDES
1Gx1G “or”
Single Port 2G DS x 1G US ONUs
1310 nm Choice for New Install
1490 nm

1577 nm
1270 nm 10G / 1G EPON ONU
Customer upgrades
and/or New Installs
10G-EPON OLT

10G / 10G EPON ONU

IEEE EPON does not strand investment in MDU Customer upgrades
Customer Premise Equipment nor force customers to purchase 10G ONUs when and/or New Installs
served by a 10G OLT For the <1% Take Rate
IEEE Std 802.3av-2009 AMENDMENT TO IEEE Std 802.3-2008: CSMA/CD, Page 63 Section 75.6

1 OLT Port Enabling 1G & 10G Downstream & Sharing 1G & 10G Upstream for 3 Types of ONUs

Source: “Comparing IEEE EPON & FSAN/ITU-T GPON Family of Technologies“, Michael J. Emmendorfer, SCTE-ISBE Workshop, September 2014
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 EPON Downstream

• The OLT Broadcasts the data from its transmitter

• Each ONU MAC filters its own traffic based on LLID for processing

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 EPON Upstream

• The OLT makes sure ONUs do not transmit at the same time to avoid collisions at the OLT optical receiver
• To avoid collisions the OLT allocates Time Slots known as GATES or Grants to the ONU
• When the ONU would like to transmit data a request for bandwidth (time slots) are sent to the OLT this is
known as a REPORT

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 EPON Terms

• MPCP: Multipoint Control Protocol

– MAC Control Protocol that allows the OLT to determine the transmission windows of ONUs in its shared
domain. Based in large part on DOCSIS

• LLID: Logical Link Identifiers

– This is a form of marking the ether frames across the shared PON to a specific ONU (CPE)
– There may be multiple LLID assigned to each ONU
– The determination of the use of LLIDs may be assign to type of service, e.g. data, voice, video.

• Packet Classification:
– Classification is performed at each ingress point. Specific fields in the frames such as 802.1Q,
DiffServ(TOS), Layer 2/3 Address, or Layer 4 ports can be used to map traffic into Link Layer IDs and
Service Level Agreements.

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 Bandwidth Allocation Modes

• Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) Scheduler

– DBA may also be referred to as Dynamic Solicited Mode
– ONUs ask for bandwidth and the OLT issues grants based on the needs of the ONUs needing bandwidth
– If ONUs are not actively transmitting they are periodically polled
– If there is no contention for bandwidth ONUs may use the PON link to the maximum SLA
– If there is no data to transmit the PON time slot are not used

• Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Scheduler (supported by some systems)

– Grants are issued at a fixed interval, regardless of ONUs need to transmit data.
– TDM mode is timer based, meaning that bandwidth is allocated when a provisioned timer expires.
– This may be used in highly congested links to guarantee high priority traffic is carried through the PON

(Most EPON deployments worldwide use a DBA scheduler or dynamic solicited mode)
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 DBA REPORT and GATE Messages

• DBA uses REPORT and GATE Messages to request and grant data for the ONU to transmit
upstream to avoid collisions and schedules bandwidth across the shared media

• DBA: REPORT (Bandwidth Requests)

– ONU reports its data transmission needs in its transmit queue
– ONU is periodically polled in order to be able to send a REPORT or Requests
– ONUs may add a REPORT at the end of each transmission

• DBA: GATE (Bandwidth Grants)

– OLT Grants transmit opportunities called GATES to ONU
– Once GATE / grant is sent the OLT expects a burst from this ONU to be received at the OLT at a specific
time called a Grant Window

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 EPON and DOCSIS Comparison

• EPON LLID are very similar to DOCSIS Service Flows

– In fact DPoE adds DOCSIS Service Flow Concepts to EPON OLTs targeting the Cable Market
– There may be up to 16 bi-directional (downstream and upstream) LLIDs / service flows per ONU
– Each service flow can have different bandwidth rate limits, priority, and QoS

• EPON OLT Classifies Downstream and the the ONU Upstream are very
similar to DOCSIS (Port based as well as Layer 2 – Layer 4 traffic identifiers)

• Bandwidth Allocation Modes (DBA or TDM):

– The OLT supports two modes of bandwidth allocation:
• TDM Mode
• Dynamic Solicited Mode
– Each LLID is assigned to one mode.
– LLIDs assigned to different modes may coexist on the PON
– EPON does not have an equivalent to UGS like that defined in DOCSIS
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 Access Network Capacities
HFC +
DOCSIS
xPON xPON

HFC +
DOCSIS

VDSL2 or G.fast VDSL2 or G.fast

PHY Layer Rates after encoding and FEC (if used) however the copper solutions are estimate capacity
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29/9/17 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 17
 What’s Next? IEEE 100G-EPON Task Force (802.3ca)

• Work is underway defining beyond 10G EPON to include 25G, 50G and 100G

• 802.3ca Task Force Objectives

1. Support subscriber access networks using point to multipoint topologies on optical fiber
2. Provide specifications for physical layers operating over a single SMF strand and supporting the MAC
data rate of:
– 25 Gb/s in downstream and 25 Gb/s in upstream
– 100 Gb/s in downstream and 100 Gb/s in upstream. This physical layer specification shall accommodate flexible configuration
to support operation at reduced MAC data rates.
3. PHY(s) to have a BER better than or equal to 10-12 at the MAC/PLS service interface (or the frame loss
ratio equivalent)
4. Support coexistence with 10G-EPON
– Optical power budgets to accommodate channel insertion losses equivalent to those supported by the 10G-EPON standard
– Wavelength allocation allowing concurrent operation with 10G-EPON PHYs

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 Overview of DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON
(DPoE)

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 What is DPoE?

• DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON (DPoE)

• Purpose:
– Develop specifications for EPON devices to support DOCSIS provisioning and service concepts (Service
Flows and Per Services Type QoS)

– Develop specifications for support with DOCSIS Network Management Systems and IPDR

– Develop specifications to support delivery of IP and Ethernet Services over EPON

– Define Standards and Certification program to enable multi-vendor interoperability

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 DPoE Architectural Foundation

IP Management
DOCSIS OSS CM
IPv4 Host
Servers
IPv6 Host
DNS CMTS
HFC Network

DHCP IPv4 Host

SNMP IP IPv6 Host

Network
TFTP DPoE ONU
Virtual CM IPv4 Host
SYSLOG
(vCM)
IPv6 Host
Time Server R OLT PON Network
IPv4 Host
Virtual CM
(vCM) IPv6 Host

DPoE System

IP Management eOAM

Source: “DOCSIS® Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™): A Next Generation Business Services Network”, Curtis Knittle, CableLabs SCTE EXPO 2011
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 Provisioning Interoperability

TFTP DHCP DPoE

NMS Server Server System D-ONU
Registration Test
MPCP
OAM Discovery

Provisioning and Config File Download Test

DHCP Discovery
DHCP Offer
DHCP Request
DHCP Ack
Config File Transfer
Config via eOAM

OSSI Test
SNMP Get/Set

Source: “DOCSIS® Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™): A Next Generation Business Services Network”, Curtis Knittle, CableLabs SCTE EXPO 2011
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 DPoE Network Elements
DPoE Standalone ONU (S-
ONU): a type of DPoE
ONU with multiple ports
L3
that provides both
Network
S-ONU
DEMARC Ethernet services and IP
services
B-ONU DEMARC

L2
Network
OLT PON Network

DPoE System B-ONU

Demarcation device (DEMARC):
Owned by the operator and
DPoE System: The DPoE Bridge ONU (B-ONU): a DEMARC provides a demarcation point
collection of network type of DPoE ONU that provides between the customer’s network
elements that provide the only Ethernet services and the operator’s access
DPoE functionality within network
the operator’s network
facilities

Source: “DOCSIS® Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™): A Next Generation Business Services Network”, Curtis Knittle, CableLabs SCTE EXPO 2011
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 DPoE ONU Interfaces and Forwarding

D-ONU

Classifier (Identify target SF)

CMCI Cable Modem CPE Interface (CMCI):

LLID Identification and QoS

LLID1 SF1
Provides IP HSD service
LLID2 SF2 CMCI

Encapsulation
Fiber (to PON)

MEF UNI (MU): Provide the demarcation

LLID3 SF3 MU point between a customer’s network and
the service provider’s network
LLID4 SF4 MU
MEF INNI (MI): represents an interface
LLID5 SF5 MI point between two network elements in
the same service provider network that
LLID6 SF6 MI provides a UNI to UNI service

Source: “DOCSIS® Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™): A Next Generation Business Services Network”, Curtis Knittle, CableLabs SCTE EXPO 2011
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 DPoE Benefits:

• Leverages existing DOCSIS back office systems (provisioning, NMS, IPDR) to support
EPON network elements

• Leverages back office systems enables smoother integration into operations and
processes

• Enables full vendor/equipment interoperability – similar to CMTS and Cable Modems

• Developed by the MSO community and Cable Labs

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 Centralized Access Architecture for PON
and Distributed Access Architecture for PON
“A Comparison of Centralized vs. Distributed Access Architectures for PON“,
Mike Emmendorfer and Sebnem Zorlu Ozer, INTX 2016, Spring Tech Forum

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 Types of PON Network Architectures

Centralized Access Architecture for PON Distributed Access Architecture for PON

• OLT MAC and PHY are located at the • OLT MAC and PHY are located located in
Facility the ODN (node/cabinet)

• Called a “Remote OLT” (R-OLT)

• Complex Systems are not in the ODN /
OSP
• ODN is an active Layer 2 / 3 architecture
• ODN is completely transparent O-E-O
and/or passive splitters • Requires Two (2) Data Networks:
– P2P Ethernet Distribution to Remote OLT
– P2MP from R-OLT to Subscriber
• Single Data Network
– P2MP OLT is in the Headend
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 Drivers & Assessment Criteria
For CAA vs. DAA for PON
Drivers PON Extender or Remote PON Assessment Criteria of Access Architecture
1. Fiber Utilization
1. Fiber Utilization 2. Serving Area Distance (Facility to CPE)
2. Serving Area Distance (Facility to CPE) 3. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in HE
4. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in ODN
3. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in HE 5. SDN/NFV Support
4. SDN/NFV Support 6. Capacity Performance Differences
7. Latency Performance Differences
5. Cost Assessment E2E (OPEX and 8. High Availability System / Network
CAPEX) 9. System and Operational Complexity
10. Cost Assessment E2E (OPEX and CAPEX)

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 DPoE Subsystems
DOCSIS Back
Office / OSS DPoE Mediation Layer
vCM vCM
SNMP, IPDR, TFTP,
DHCP, etc.
RP R 802 OLT
VSI(1)
PE
VSI(N) Switch US UTM
IP VE DS TM
R PE PBB US LTM
Network
I-BEB EPON MAC
R/X
10G PHY
DPoE System

vCM: Virtual Cable Modem

R: Router
PE: Provider Edge
VE: VPLS Edge (Virtual Private LAN Service Edge)
VSI: Virtual Switching Instance
802 Switch: Switch based on Layer 2
PBB: Provider Backbone Bridging [802.1ah]
I-BEB: I-component Backbone Edge Bridge
OLT: Optical Line Terminal
DS TM: Downstream Traffic Management
US UTM: Upstream Upper Traffic Management
US LTM: Upstream Lower Traffic Management Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS

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 DPoE System Functions
DPoE Mediation Layer Functions Multilayer Switch Router Ternary content- Control Plane Functions
• Mediation between OSS, NMS, and EPON Layers (Control & Data Plane) addressable memory • Centralized Control for all required configurations (e.g. port,
• Virtual Cable Modem (vCM) for registered D-ONU • Routing • MP-BGP (TCAM) channel and MC domain etc.)
• vCM handles all the OAMP functions for DOCSIS • ARP • MPLS table lookup and • Centralized Control for sending all the collected stats (e.g.
• vCM can proxy requests, signaling, and messages to the D- • NDP • VPLS classification of IPv4, IPv6 port, channel and mac domain etc.).
ONU using EPON OAM messages • IS-IS • .1ad / .1ah packets and L2 frames • EPON MAC for programming all required functionality (e.g.
• Communicate with D-ONU for provisioning all required • OSPF • L2 Switching port, channel, LLID and upstream QoS etc.).
services (e.g. IP HSD, MEF etc.) • DS TM for programming all required functionality (e.g. service
• vCM Interfaces with System Control Plane for flow, classifier, and downstream QoS etc.).
configuration (e.g. service flow, classifier, and downstream • Implement the control plane for multicast forwarding
QoS etc.) DPoE MLSR
TCAM Upstream Upper Traffic Management (US UTM)
• Platform Management Interfaces (CLI, SNMP, etc.) Mediation
• CALEA / LI (may not be part of TM)
Downstream Traffic Management (DS TM):
Layer R PE VSI(1) Timing • DSCP / ToS / TPID (MEF) Overwrite
• Subscriber Management Filtering (drop) vCM vCM VSI(N) • CoS Mapping
• Classification & Policing (to Service Flow (SF))
Control • Packet Counters and Statics (IPDR Raw Data)
• Multicast / Packet Replication 802 Plane • Subscriber Management Filtering (drop)
• Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS Priority of SF Switch • Cable Source Verify / MAC Learning /Protocol Throttling
(LLIDs)(DOCSIS QoS, MEF Metering / Color Marking) • Classification & Policing for forwarding toward the NNI or
• Packet Counters and Statics (IPDR Raw Data) backplane (aggregate rate limiting)
US UTM
• DSCP / ToS / TPID (MEF) Overwrite and Translation DS TM
• CoS Mapping US LTM Upstream Lower Traffic Management (US LTM)
• CALEA / Lawful Intercept (may not be part of TM) • Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS Priority of LLIDs
EPON MAC (Service Flows)
EPON MAC Layer 10G PHY • Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) – solicited
• LLID to VLAN (tunnel ID) scheduling
• Operation, Administration, and Management (OAM) • Token Size per LLID
• Multipoint Control Protocol (MPCP) (Discovery & • Polling Interval per LLID
Registration, GATE Generation, REPORT Processing, Round EPON PHY Layer (Upstream) • Scheduling / Queuing Algorithm
Trip Time, LLID / Preamble (Frame Formation) • FEC • Unsolicited Scheduling
• Encryption AES 128 • PR-type PMD (PON Optics) • MPCP Processing

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 Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON Purpose Built
Service Provider Facility ODN Actives Passives CPE
Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with Standard Wavelengths
Integrated - DPoE System

US LTM & MAC

SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

DS & US TM

PHY/XFP
Timing
DPoE

10G EPON Optics //

Single Fiber and Single 10G PON Wavelengths
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise
Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with Multiple Wavelengths
Integrated - DPoE System
US LTM & MAC

SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

OLT with 80G Passive ODN
DS & US TM

W
PHY/XFP
Timing

Fixed Color ONU

DPoE

D 10G EPON Optics using Multiple Wavelength Plan // Tunable ONU

M Single Fiber and Multiple 10G PON Wavelengths (8)
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise
Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with PON Extender
Integrated - DPoE System
PON Extender
US LTM & MAC

SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

DS & US TM

Ethernet
PHY/XFP
Timing

W
DPoE

Optics

Optics
O-E-O
PON
10G
D 10G Ethernet Optics D EPON Optics //
M
M Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise
Note 1: OLT / DPoE System is shown in a single shelf. However, using a SDN architecture design the control and data plane processes may be separated, with the control plane processes placed on servers & control traffic
through spine switches. Additionally, using a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architecture design both control and data plane processes may be placed on servers & traffic through spine switches.

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 Distributed Access Architecture (DAA) for PON Purpose Built
Service Provider Facility ODN Actives Passives CPE

M-OLT Packet Shelf

Distributed Access Architecture – Remote PON MAC
Remote PON MAC (RPM) SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

DS & US TM
Agg. Switch
MACsec
W

PON Optics
Timing

PHY/XFP

MACsec
PHY/SFP+

US LTM
Timing
Layer 2
W

& MAC
DPoE

D 10G Ethernet + MACsec D EPON Optics //

M
M Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise

EMS MLSR
Distributed Access Architecture – Remote OLT
DPoE Remote OLT (R-OLT) SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

Agg. Switch

W
PHY/SPF+

DPoE Client

PON Optics
MACsec

MACsec

US LTM
PHY/SFP+

Timing
Layer 2
W

& MAC
D EPON Optics //

TM
10G Ethernet + MACsec D
M
M Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise

EMS MLSR
Distributed Access Architecture – Remote DPoE System
Remote DPoE System (RDS) SFU
M L S R

ONU ONU MDU

Agg. Switch

PON Optics
PHY/SPF+
MACsec

PHY/SFP+
MACsec
L2 + L3

US LTM
W

Timing
DPoE

& MAC
D 10G Ethernet + MACsec EPON Optics //

TM
D
M
M Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths
ONU SMB ONU Enterprise
Note 1: M-OLT Packet Shelf is shown in a single shelf. However, using a SDN architecture design the control and data plane processes may be separated, with the control plane processes placed on servers & control traffic
through spine switches. Additionally, using a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architecture design both control and data plane processes may be placed on servers & traffic through spine switches. Note 2: R-OLT is shown
using NFV for the DML only and SDN may used as well. Note 3: R-OLT and RDS may use SDN.
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 Leading OLTs System and Network Architectures

1. Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON OLT

Traditional OLT with PON with All Passive Outside Plant
(PON MAC in the CO/HE with No Actives in the OSP)

2. Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON OLT

Traditional OLT with PON Extender and No Software in the OSP
(Simple Layer 1 Optical-Electrical-Optical (O-E-O) conversion in the node/cabinet)

3. Distributed Access Architecture (DAA) for PON OLT

Remote OLT in the OSP/Cabinet with Software in the OSP
(Routing/Switching, Traffic Management, PON MAC/PHY in the node/cabinet)

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29/9/17 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 33
 Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON OLT
Traditional OLT with PON with All Passive Outside Plant
(PON MAC in the CO/HE with No Actives in the OSP)
20 km Distance at 1:32 Customers

10 km Distance at 1:64 Customers

ONU ONU

//
Headend
ONU ONU
DPoE System (Basic)
DPoE Media4on (vCM)
ONU ONU
Standard PON Wavelengths
L2/L3
Traffic PON PON // //
Mgmt MAC Op4cs
ONU ONU

PON MAC / PHY

in the Headend ONU ONU

//
// Passive Optical splitter
ONU ONU

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 34
 Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON OLT
Traditional OLT with PON Extender and No Software in the OSP
(Simple Layer 1 Optical-Electrical-Optical (O-E-O) conversion at the node/cabinet)
20 km at 1:32 Customers
10 km at 1:64 Customers
Optical DWDM or CWDM PON ~ 80 km 2 km at ~128 Customers
10G EPON Service Group 1
Extend PON Serving Area Reach and Expand the Number of Customers Served

ONU ONU
MDU

PON MAC and PHY in the Headend

//
Headend (Centralized Access Architecture)
ONU ONU
DPoE System (Basic)
PON Extender
DPoE Media4on (vCM)
W DWDM or CWDM 10G O-
10G PON
Traffic PON D Ethernet E- Standard PON Wavelengths
L2/L3 Ethernet Op4cs
Mgmt MAC M 10G Ethernet Optics Op4cs O
Op4cs 10G EPON Service Group n

PON MAC / PHY PON Fiber Link Extender (Layer 1)

in the Headend ONU ONU
Performs O-E-O Wavelength Translation MDU
//
// Passive Optical splitter
ONU ONU

Distances of 5 km from the PON Extender to the ONUs have been observed to support 128 customers / ONUs

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 35
 Distributed Access Architecture (DAA) for PON OLT
Remote OLT in the OSP/Cabinet with Software in the OSP
(Routing/Switching, Traffic Management, PON MAC/PHY in the node/cabinet)
20 km at 1:32 Customers
10 km at 1:64 Customers
Optical DWDM or CWDM PON ~ 80 km 2 km at ~128 Customers
10G EPON Service Group 1
Extend PON Serving Area Reach and Expand the Number of Customers Served

ONU ONU
MDU
//
Remote OLT
Headend (PON MAC / PHY Functions in the Node) ONU ONU

DPoE MediaDon (vCM)

W DWDM or CWDM W
Routers D D L2/ Traffic PON PON Standard PON Wavelengths
M L3 Mgmt MAC OpDcs
M 10G Ethernet Optics
10G EPON Service Group n
Switch /
Router
ONU ONU
MDU

Layer 2 - 3 Functions in the Node

//
// Passive Optical splitter
ONU ONU

Distances of 5 km from the Remote OLT to the ONUs have been observed to support 128 customers / ONUs

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 36
 Overview of Purpose Built OLT Systems
and SDN/NFV Systems for PON
“A Comparison of Purpose Built OLT Systems vs. SDN-NFV Systems for PON”,
Mike Emmendorfer and Sebnem Ozer, SCTE-ISBE Workshop, Sept. 2016

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved.

 What is SDN and NFV?

• SDN separates data and control and management plane to enable:

– A software programmable network
– A centralized controller with dynamic management and provisioning
– Reuse of parity control features over multiple access technologies
– Dynamic creation, modification and deletion of services

• NFV decouples SW from HW to enable:

– Using COTS hardware and open software
– Dynamic resource and service management
– Reuse of parity forwarding features over multiple access technologies
– Defining efficient network and service chains

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 38
 What are the Drivers behind SDN/NFV? (1 of 2)

• Elasticity and Scalability Enable by System Modularity (Disaggregation of CCAP & OLT)
– Disaggregation: Separation of Hardware and Software Functional Blocks
• (PHY, MAC/PHY, Traffic Management/Service Gateway, Switch Fabric/Backplane, Control, WAN/NSI Link)
– Separation of Control and Data Planes
– Separating the network functions allows placement of capacity where and when needed
• (IO capacity for access layer like PON, P2P Ethernet, DOCSIS, etc. where and when needed)

• Agility Enabling Time To Market

– Service Creation and Provisioning Automation
– End-to-end Analytics assists in determining resource service capacity
– Consistent services and features across vendors and access technologies (DOCSIS, PON, Ethernet, Wireless)

• Open Platform Ecosystem

– No Proprietary System Vendor software or protocols
– System Vendor, Network Operators, and Community develop features / applications
– Automate OAM&P
– Interoperability
– Innovation

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 39
 What are the Drivers behind SDN/NFV? (2 of 2)

• Reduce CAPEX
– COTS switches, servers, storage, compute elements
– Reduced headend estate, power and cooling
– Ability to scale per demand and integrate only needed functions
– New pricing options using licenses per subscriber, throughput, features enable (pay-as-you-grow)
– Open Software platforms from multiple vendors

• Reduce OPEX
– Reduced headend power and cooling
– Zero touch provisioning and programmable networks and services with reduced complexity
– End-to-end visibility, analytics and service assurance orchestration
– Dynamic and efficient resource management (self healing/optimizing networks)
– Standard APIs, control and management interfaces

• Agile Services and New Business Models

– Abstracted service models and automated networks for shortened service integration
– Enhanced QoE and customer and business portals
– Cloud based applications and abstracted service models for business to business services
– Centralized control of distributed functions directed and composed by service specific requirements

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 40
 Traditional I-CCAP (e.g. I-CCAP DOCSIS or PON OLT System)
Operator IPDR TOD SYSLOG SNMP DHCP File
Purpose Built CCAP Based DPoE System (Aggregation) (CLI) Collector Server Server Server Server Server
CLI
Core Router Core Router IPDR FTP/
over NTP/ SYSLOG DHCP
Streaming SNMP SFTP/
SSHv2/ SNTP
Protocol TFTP
Telnet
100G WAN Ports
E6000 Management Interfaces

High Speed WAN Ports

High Speed WAN Ports

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN
Management Plane
Management Plane
Active-Active
Control Plane (L3) Switch Fabric
Control Plane (L3)
ARRIS RSM2 & WAN
Fabric Card Data Plane (L3)
Data Plane (L3)
Switch Fabric
Switch Fabric
Active-Active
Non-Blocking
ARRIS Switch Fabric
DCAM, UCAM, & Switch Fabric Switch Fabric Switch Fabric
EPFM Client Cards
US UTM DPoE
Access

Data Plane
DS TM Mediation
MAC (DS) MAC (US) US LTM vCM vCM Line Cards
PHY (DS) PHY (US) x Client Slots
EPON MAC Control
DAC ADC 10G PHY Plane

10G Ethernet
using DWDM
DS RF US RF 10G EPON
Ports Ports Ports PON Extender
Node
10G EPON Ports
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 41
 Aggregation to Disaggregation (CAA to DAA + SDN + NFV)
Purpose Built I-CCAP DOCSIS Based System (Aggregation) DAA + SDN + NFV DOCSIS based System (Disaggregation)

Core Router Core Router Core Router Core Router

WAN Links Data Rate

Less Than 100G WAN Ports 100G WAN Ports
Sum of All PON Links
Spine Switch Spine Switch
High Speed WAN Ports 40G / 100G Ethernet
High Speed WAN Ports

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Management Plane
Management Plane Traffic Elasticity and Scalability North South East West
Switch Fabric
Active-Active Control Plane (L3)
Control Plane (L3)
Switch Fabric & WAN
Leaf Switch Leaf Switch S-Leaf / DAAS Leaf Switch
Data Plane (L3)
Data Plane (L3)
40G Ethernet 10G Ethernet
Switch Fabric
Switch Fabric
Active-Active CCAP
Non-Blocking Manager WDM
Switch Fabric RPD
Switch Fabric Switch FabricSwitch Fabric Manager
Access Line Cards

DPoE MAC Core RMD

US UTM Manager
Data Plane

Access Line Cards DS TM

MAC (DS) Mediation
MAC (US)
US LTM vCM vCM PNF / NFV EMS / SDN Server Farm
x Client Slots
PHY EPON MAC
(DS) PHY (US) RMD
Control Some or All 10G Ethernet
DAC10G PHY ADC Plane Access Line Card RPD PHY/SFP+ using DWDM
Moves to with MACsec
Node or Shelf PHY/SFP+ MACsec
Layer 2 L2/L3
RF Ports WDM
DS RF US RF
Timing Ctrl Plane
Ports DEPI/UEPI/ OOB
Ports Remote
GCP/OOB MAC
PHY Shelf
DOCSIS Systems PHY
DAC/ADC DAC/ADC
PHY
RF Ports
PNF (Physical Network Functions)
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 42
 Aggregation to Disaggregation (CAA to DAA + SDN + NFV)
Purpose Built CCAP Based DPoE System (Aggregation) DAA + SDN + NFV DOCSIS based System (Disaggregation)

Core Router Core Router Core Router Core Router

WAN Links Data Rate

Less Than 100G WAN Ports 100G WAN Ports
Sum of All PON Links
Spine Switch Spine Switch
High Speed WAN Ports 40G / 100G Ethernet
High Speed WAN Ports

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Switch Fabric & WAN

Management Plane
Management Plane Traffic Elasticity and Scalability North South East West
Switch Fabric
Active-Active Control Plane (L3)
Control Plane (L3)
Switch Fabric & WAN
Leaf Switch Leaf Switch S-Leaf / DAAS Leaf Switch
Data Plane (L3)
Data Plane (L3)
40G Ethernet 10G Ethernet
Switch Fabric
Switch Fabric
Active-Active vOLT
Non-Blocking Manager WDM
Switch Fabric vCM
Switch Fabric Manager
Access Line Cards

DPoE vRouter
US UTM vRouter
Controller
Data Plane

Access Line Cards DS TM Mediation

US LTM vCM vCM PNF / NFV EMS / SDN Server Farm
x Client Slots
EPON MAC Control Some or All R-OLT
10G Ethernet
10G PHY Plane Access Line Card PHY/SFP+ using DWDM
Moves to MACsec with MACsec
10G Passive Network Node or Shelf
Or 10G Ethernet
Layer 2
10G Active Network using DWDM Timing WDM
Remote OLT (R-OLT)
using PON Extender 10G EPON DPoE Client Node or 1RU Shelf
Ports PON Extender TM
US LTM 1RU OLT
Node
10G EPON Ports
PON Systems & MAC
PON Optics 10G EPON Ports
PNF (Physical Network Functions)
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 43
 High-Level MSO SDN/NFV Architecture for 10G EPON
OSS/BSS
Network Inventory Subscriber/Service Database Policy

Other Services/ Application Layer IP Video Business / IP-HSD

Applications Apps MEF Apps Apps
Analytics/
Service Service Manager
Assurance / Service and Resource Orchestration
Business vManager
Intelligence Orchestrator Common SDN-O NFV-O
Life Cycle Manager Global Service-O Service Orchestrator

SDN Controller
OLT Manager RAD vManager Video Switch Underlay
vOLT vCM Controller vCore vCore Server Router and Overlay
Manager Manager EMS VNFM Controllers Controllers Controller

P-OLT (Physical OLT)

PNF (Physical Network Functions) Spine Switch Spine Switch

Switch 40G – 100G Ethernet

Fabric Chassis
OLT
Shelf OLT S-Leaf Switch Leaf Switch (ToR) Leaf Switch (ToR) Leaf Switch (ToR) Core Router
10G / 40G 10G / 40G 100G 100G Ethernet
WDM WDM WDM
100G
10G Ethernet

10G Ethernet
using DWDM

using DWDM

10G Ethernet vRouter vCPE Other

DHCP RADIUS VNFs
10G EPON 10G EPON using DWDM
Ports vCCAP Other
Ports with MACsec PNFs
TFTP
WDM WDM WDM Server Farms
Remote OLT P-OLT (Physical OLT)
PON Extender Node (R-OLT) PNF (Physical Network Functions)
10G EPON 10G EPON
Ports Ports
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 44
 CAA OLT/DPoE System & DAA OLT/DPoE System Options
Operator IPDR TOD SYSLOG SNMP File
DHCP Server
(CLI) Collector Server Server Server Server
MSO Back
Office Systems CLI
IPDR FTP/
and Processes over NTP/ SYSLOG SNMP DHCP
Streaming SFTP/
SSHv2/ SNTP
Protocol TFTP
Telnet

I-DPoE System
High Speed WAN Ports
High Speed WAN Ports
Management DPoE Management
Switch Fabric & WAN

M-OLT Packet Shelf

Switch Fabric & WAN

Management Plane
MLSR
VSI(1) Control
Plane Mediation Plane
R PE VSI(N)
Control Plane (L3) Plane Management Plane OLT Manager OLT Manager
802
Switch
Data Plane (L3) Control Plane (L3)
Switch Fabric
Switch Fabric
Data Plane (L3)
DPoE Mediation
Switch Fabric
US UTM DPoE DS TM US UTM
Data Plane

DS TM
US LTM
Media?on Aggregation Aggregation Aggregation
vCM vCM MACsec
EPON MAC Control MLSR with MLSR with MLSR with
10G PHY Plane PHY/XFP MACsec MACsec MACsec
10G Ethernet 10G Ethernet 10G Ethernet
10G Ethernet 10G Ethernet using DWDM using DWDM
using DWDM using DWDM
using DWDM with MACsec with MACsec with MACsec
with MACsec
PHY/SFP+
10G EPON PHY/SFP+ PHY/SFP+ MACsec
Ports MACsec MACsec Mgmt Plane
Crtl Plane Crtl Plane Crtl Plane
PHY/SFP+ Data Plane Data Plane Data Plane
MACsec DPoE Client DPoE Med DPoE Med
Data Plane TM TM TM
US LTM US LTM US LTM US LTM
OEO & MAC & MAC & MAC & MAC
PON Optics PON Optics PON Optics PON Optics PON Optics
PON Extender Remote PON MAC (RPM) Remote OLT (R-OLT) Remote OLT with DPoE Remote DPoE System
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 45
 Example of a Remote OLT with OLT Manager Interfaces
Overlay/
Underlay NETCONF
Operator Operator IPDR TOD SYSLOG SNMP DHCP File
Controller /Yang Kafka Fluentd
(RESTCONF) (CLI) Collector Server Server Server Server Server
Future Models Current
Interfaces RESTCONF CLI Interfaces
IPDR FTP/
Telemetry over NTP/
OpenFlow SYSLOG (CLI) API Streaming SYSLOG SNMP DHCP SFTP/
Data SSHv2/ SNTP
over HTTPS Protocol TFTP
Telnet

OLT Manager
vOLT Manager Interfaces vCM Manager Interfaces
- SNMP (CMTS and System MIBs) - SNMP (CM MIBs)
Mgmt Mgmt
- vOLT Manager System Logs
Plane Plane vCMs - vCM Logs
- vOLT Manager System Syslog (Legacy) - vCM Syslog
(Future)
- vOLT Manager IPDR - TFTP
- TFTP
vOLT Manager vCM Manager - DHCP-RA for vCM Mgr
- DHCP for vOLT Manager IP Address

Tunneled
DPoE-OAM

ONU
R-OLT
Spine/ ONU
vRouter leaf S-Leaf R-OLT
servers 10G Ethernet + MACsec
ONU
MACsec for connection to S-Leaf (DAAS)
R-OLT
and remote authentication server
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 46
 Initial Pros & Cons of Purpose Built DPoE Systems

• Pros
– Hardware and software integration create a highly reliable system
• Maturity of System enables low MTTD and MTTR
– Hardware and software are optimized for each function
• (example high packet processing in less space, power, and cost that commodity server NFV)
– Suppliers can rigorously test and troubleshoot known hardware and software
– Enable customers to go to a single supplier to resolve hardware and/or software issues

• Cons
– Accused of slow innovation of hardware and software features
– Closed purpose built systems have rigid scalability which binds access ports, fabric, WAN ports, type and
number of slots all together, if any one is exhausted another system is required to address capacity.
– Purpose built system vendor hardware and software may not be repurposed to run different software
– New access technologies (DOCSIS, PON, and Ethernet) on the CCAP require rewriting of similar functions
– Lack of programmability from a single controller (EMS) to all system components
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 47
 Initial Pros & Cons of SDN/NFV DPoE Systems

• Pros
– Disaggregation = Elasticity and Targeted Scalability where/when needed
– Ability to Pay-as-you-grow where capacity is needed (client cards, WAN, control, chassis independence)
– New pricing options using licenses per subscriber, throughput, features enable (pay-as-you-grow)
– Agility consistent services and features across vendors and access technologies (DOCSIS, PON, Ethernet, Wireless)
– Promises of open platform ecosystem (No Proprietary System Vendor hardware, software, interfaces)
– Readiness for control plane using commodity x86 exist
– New business relationships for SDN/NFV hosted web services for disaster recovery and capacity augmentation
– SDN / NFV enables the service provider to select hardware and software platforms and require system vendors to develop on
those systems. This enables consistent platforms, vendor hardware independence, and migration to different system
vendors.

• Cons
– Disaggregation = Complexity and Integration
– Many white-box switches use merchant silicon for accelerated and specialized packet processing (not open/off shelf)
– x86 for high packet processing data plane require more space, power, and cost
– Scalability of some server based network functions (vRouter) are not at all at the level of purpose built systems
– Lack of standards and certification
– Interoperability issues may be troublesome among various hardware, software, and interfaces
– Maturity of system may impact end-to-end MTTD and MTTR
– Open source does not mean the same implementation
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 48
 Questions?

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 49
 Thank you!

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 50
 References

• “DOCSIS® Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™): A Next Generation Business Services Network”, Curtis Knittle,
CableLabs SCTE EXPO 2011

• “Next Generation Networks for Multiple Dwelling Units (MDUs)”, Michael J. Emmendorfer, SCTE-ISBE
Workshop, September 2014

• “Comparing IEEE EPON & FSAN/ITU-T GPON Family of Technologies“, Michael J. Emmendorfer, SCTE-ISBE
Workshop, September 2014

• “A Comparison of Centralized vs. Distributed Access Architectures for PON“, Mike Emmendorfer and Sebnem
Zorlu Ozer, INTX 2016, Spring Tech Forum

• “A Comparison of Purpose Built OLT Systems vs. SDN-NFV Systems for PON”, Mike Emmendorfer and
Sebnem Ozer, SCTE-ISBE Workshop, Sept. 2016

• “End-to-end IP Video Services over 10G EPON Access Network Architectures“, Sebnem Zorlu Ozer and Mike
Emmendorfer, SCTE-ISBE Journal of Digital Video, Volume 1, Number 2, Sept. 2016
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 51
 PON Acronyms and Meaning

Term Meaning
APON ATM Passive Optical Network
BPON Broadband-Passive Optical Network
GPON Gigabit-Passive Optical Network
GEPON Gigabit Ethernet - Passive Optical Network (aka EPON)
EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Network (aka GE-PON)
10 EPON 10 Gigabit Ethernet PON
DPON Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification - PON uses EPON for MAC/PHY and DOCSIS defined
transactions and standards for OAM&P. (aka: DOCSIS over EPON or DPON)

RFoG Radio Frequency over Glass (aka: Radio Frequency PON (RF-PON) or Radio Frequency over Glass (RFOG) or
Hybrid-Fiber-Coax PON (HFC-PON) or Cable PON

WDM-PON Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON

FTTx Fiber To The x (FTTH Home, FTTB Business, FTTP Premise, FTTC Curb)

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 52
 High-Level MSO SDN/NFV Architecture for 10G EPON
OSS/BSS
Network Inventory Subscriber/Service Database Policy

Other Services/ Application Layer IP Video Business / IP-HSD

Applications Apps MEF Apps Apps
Analytics/
Service Service Manager
Assurance / Service and Resource Orchestration
Business vManager
Intelligence Orchestrator Common SDN-O NFV-O
Life Cycle Manager Global Service-O Service Orchestrator

SDN Controller
OLT Manager RAD vManager Video Switch Underlay
vOLT vCM Controller vCore vCore Server Router and Overlay
Manager Manager EMS VNFM Controllers Controllers Controller

P-OLT (Physical OLT)

PNF (Physical Network Functions) Spine Switch Spine Switch

Switch 40G – 100G Ethernet

Fabric Chassis
OLT
Shelf OLT S-Leaf Switch Leaf Switch (ToR) Leaf Switch (ToR) Leaf Switch (ToR) Core Router
10G / 40G 10G / 40G 100G 100G Ethernet
WDM WDM WDM
100G
10G Ethernet

10G Ethernet
using DWDM

using DWDM

10G Ethernet vRouter vCPE Other

DHCP RADIUS VNFs
10G EPON 10G EPON using DWDM
Ports vCCAP Other
Ports with MACsec PNFs
TFTP
WDM WDM WDM Server Farms
Remote OLT P-OLT (Physical OLT)
PON Extender Node (R-OLT) PNF (Physical Network Functions)
10G EPON 10G EPON
Ports Ports
Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 53
 System Architecture

• OSS/BSS and Application Layer

– Maintain service and business policies, subscriber and other business customer databases and network
inventory and topology database
– Customer care, operator and partner portals
– Provide cable operator’s directives on services, subscribers and networks for both initial design (configuration of
elements, static services) and runtime operations(dynamic services and scaled services) operations.
– IP-HSD, IP Video, Business and other (e.g. tenant) services
– Business Intelligence, analytics and topology information
– Cloud Foundry (industry standard platform for Open Source cloud applications)

• Orchestration Layer
– Service and resource (networking, compute and storage) orchestration
• Service Orchestration (XOS) VM Orchestration on server and cloud (OpenStack, CloudStack, Hypervisor…)
– Service and network chaining, management of NFVIs
– Elastic resource management based on capacity, performance and power requirements and resource
optimization and load balancing
– Support for legacy EMS/NMS
– End-to-end service assurance and monitoring
– Underlay fabric and overlay network management

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 54
 System Architecture

• SDN Controllers
– NETCONF/YANG for configuration and management (FCAPS); OpenFlow for programming forwarding;
legacy SNMP/CLI ; Proprietary APIs
– Access network and service controllers
• vDPoE System and vCM controller
– Mediation between OSS, NMS and EPON layers
– Configuration and management of DPoE based OLT and ONU (DOCSIS OAMP functions)
• R-OLT controller
– Remote access device specific configuration and management
• vRouter/MLSR controller
– Configuration and management of OLT routing functionality
• Switch/router controller
– Configuration, management and control of fabric switches/routers
• Video controllers
– Configuration and management of video functions such as Multicast (M-ABR) , S-ABR, nDVR, vCDN etc…
– Network Controller (OpenDayLight, ONOS)

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 55
 System Architecture

• Network Functions
– Virtual (SW on COTS elements) and physical (embedded in HW) and purpose built network functions
• Data volume, control transaction rate, performance and security requirements
– Access network and service functions
• vRouter/MLSR: OLT Routing functionality
• vCPE: CPE/SG related functions such as parental control, firewall
• vVideo: Video service specific functions such as M-ABR, S-ABR servers, nDVR recorder, CDN/edge cache…
– Disaggregation of functions into common and specific features
– Support for control/management by controllers and orchestrators
– Support for analytics
– Implemented as VMs, containers

• Fabric Network
– Spine and leaf switches
• Controlled and managed by SDN controller/orchestrator
– Access specific S-leaf switch

Copyright 2015 – ARRIS Enterprises, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 September 2017 Overview of PON Technologies and System Architectures for SCTE 56