JavaScript operators are symbols which are used to assign values, compare values, perform arithmetic operations,

and more. 

 The variables (operations) are called operands.

 The operation (to be performed between the two operands) is defined by an operator.
JavaScript supports the following types of operators.

 Arithmetic Operators
 Comparison Operators
 Logical (or Relational) Operators
 Assignment Operators
 Conditional (or ternary) Operators
 String Operators
 Type Operators
 Bitwise Operators
JavaScript Arithmetic Operators –
Arithmetic operators perform arithmetic operations on numbers.

Operator Description
+ Addition
– Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division
% Modulus (Remainder)
++ Increment
— Decrement
Example –

1var x = 100 + 50;

1 // Addition
2 var a = 4;
3 var b = 3;
4 var x = a + b; // adding 2 variables
5 var x = (100 + 50) * a; // expressions
6 
7 // Subtraction
8 var x = 5;
9 var y = 2;
10var z = x - y;
11 
12// Multiplication
13var x = 5;
14var y = 2;
15var z = x * y;
16 
17// Division
18var x = 5;
19var y = 2;
20var z = x / y;
21 
22// Modulo
23var x = 5;
24var y = 2;
25var z = x % y;
26 
27// Increment
28var x = 5;
29x++;
30var z = x;
31 
32// Decrement
33var x = 5;
34x--;
35var z = x;

Associativity –
Associativity determines the way in which operators of the same precedence are parsed. For example, consider an
expression:

1a OP b OP c // OP means a operator
Left-associativity (left-to-right) means that it is processed as (a OP b) OP c, while right-associativity (right-to-left)
means it is interpreted as a OP (b OP c).

Operator Precedence –
Operator precedence describes the order in which operations are performed in an arithmetic expression.

Example –

1var x = 100 + 50 * 3;
As in traditional school mathematics, the multiplication is done first. Multiplication (*) and division (/) have
higher precedence than addition (+) and subtraction (-).

Precedence Operator type Associativity Individual operators

20 Grouping n/a ( … )

19 Member Access left-to-right … . …

Computed Member Access left-to-right … [ … ]

new (with argument list) n/a new … ( … )

Function Call left-to-right … ( <var>… </var>)

18 new (without argument list) right-to-left new …

17 Postfix Increment n/a … ++

Postfix Decrement … --

16 Logical NOT right-to-left ! …

Bitwise NOT ~ …

Unary Plus + …

Unary Negation - …

Prefix Increment ++ …

Prefix Decrement -- …

typeof typeof …

void void …
 delete delete …

await await …

15 Exponentiation right-to-left … ** …

14 Multiplication left-to-right … * …

Division … / …

Remainder … % …

13 Addition left-to-right … + …

Subtraction … - …

12 Bitwise Left Shift left-to-right … &lt;&lt; …

Bitwise Right Shift … &gt;&gt; …

Bitwise Unsigned Right Shift … &gt;&gt;&gt; …

11 Less Than left-to-right … &lt; …

Less Than Or Equal … &lt;= …

Greater Than … &gt; …

Greater Than Or Equal … &gt;= …

in … in …

instanceof … instanceof …

10 Equality left-to-right … == …

Inequality … != …

Strict Equality … === …

Strict Inequality … !== …

9 Bitwise AND left-to-right … &amp; …

8 Bitwise XOR left-to-right … ^ …

7 Bitwise OR left-to-right … | …

6 Logical AND left-to-right … &amp;&amp; …

5 Logical OR left-to-right … || …

4 Conditional right-to-left … ? … : …

3 Assignment right-to-left … = …

… += …

… -= …

… **= …

… *= …

… /= …
 … %= …

… &lt;&lt;= …

… &gt;&gt;= …

… &gt;&gt;&gt;= …

… &amp;= …

… ^= …

… |= …

2 yield right-to-left yield …

yield* yield* …

1 Comma / Sequence left-to-right … , …

JavaScript Comparison Operators –

Comparison and Logical operators are used to test for true or false.  Comparison operators are used in logical
statements to determine equality or difference between variables or values.

Given that x = 5, the table below explains the comparison operators:

Operator Description Comparing Returns

== equal to x == 8 false
x == 5 true
x == “5” true
=== equal value and equal type x === 5 true
x === “5” false
!= not equal x != 8 true
!== not equal value or not equal type x !== 5 false
x !== “5” true
x !== 8 true
> greater than x>8 false
< less than x<8 true
>= greater than or equal to x >= 8 false
<= less than or equal to x <= 8 true
Example – 

1 if (age < 18) text = "Too young";

2 var voteable = (age < 18) ? "Too young":"Old enough"; // ternary operator
3  
4 // if -else example
5 age = Number(age);
6 if (isNaN(age)) {
7     voteable = "Input is not a number";
8 } else {
9     voteable = (age < 18) ? "Too young" : "Old enough";
10}

JavaScript Logical (or Relational) Operators –

Comparison and Logical operators are used to test for true or false.   Logical operators are used to determine the logic
between variables or values.

Given that x = 6 and y = 3, the table below explains the logical operators:

Operator Description Example

&& and (x < 10 && y > 1) is true
|| or (x == 5 || y == 5) is false
! not !(x == y) is true

JavaScript Assignment Operators –

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

Operator Example Same As

= x=y x=y
+= x += y x=x+y
-= x -= y x=x–y
*= x *= y x=x*y
/= x /= y x=x/y
%= x %= y x=x%y
<<= x <<= y x = x << y
>>= x >>= y x = x >> y
>>>= x >>>= y x = x >>> y
&= x &= y x=x&y
^= x ^= y x=x^y
|= x |= y x=x|y
**= x **= y x = x ** y
The **= operator is an experimental part of the ECMAScript 2016 proposal (ES7). It is not stable across browsers.
Do not use it.

Example –

1 // The = assignment operator assigns a value to a variable.

2 var x = 10;
3 
4 // The += assignment operator adds a value to a variable.
5 x += 5;
6 
7 //The -= assignment operator subtracts a value from a variable.
8 var x = 10;
9 x -= 5;
10 
11// The *= assignment operator multiplies a variable.
12var x = 10;
13x *= 5;
14 
15// The /= assignment divides a variable.
16var x = 10;
17x /= 5;
18 
19// The %= assignment operator assigns a remainder to a variable.
20var x = 10;
21x %= 5;

JavaScript Conditional (Ternary) Operator –

JavaScript also contains a conditional operator that assigns a value to a variable based on some condition.

Syntax –

1variablename = (condition) ? value1:value2

Example –

1var voteable = (age < 18) ? "Too young":"Old enough";

JavaScript String Operators –

The + operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings.

1var txt1 = "John";

2var txt2 = "Doe";
3var txt3 = txt1 + " " + txt2;
Output – 

1John Doe
The += assignment operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

1var txt1 = "What a very ";

2txt1 += "nice day";
Output – 

1What a very nice day

Adding Strings and Numbers –

Adding two numbers, will return the sum, but adding a number and a string will return a string:

Example –

1var x = 5 + 5;
2var y = "5" + 5;
3var z = "Hello" + 5;
Output –

110
255
3Hello5

JavaScript Type Operators –

Operator Description
typeof Returns the type of a variable
 instanceof Returns true if an object is an instance of an object type

JavaScript Bitwise Operators –

Operator Description Example Same as Result Decimal
& AND 5&1 0101 & 0001 0001  1
| OR 5|1 0101 | 0001 0101  5
~ NOT ~5  ~0101 1010  10
^ XOR 5^1 0101 ^ 0001 0100  4
<< Zero fill left shift 5 << 1 0101 << 1 1010  10
>> Signed right shift 5 >> 1 0101 >> 1 0010  2
>>> Zero fill right shift 5 >>> 1 0101 >>> 1 0010  2
Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers. Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The
result is converted back to a JavaScript number.