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The Limit of A Function, Continuity: Mathematics, Winter Semester 2016/2017 18.10.2017

This document provides material and problems related to limits and asymptotes of functions. It discusses different types of limits including one-sided limits, infinite limits, and limits involving absolute value functions. Example problems evaluate limits, find asymptotes of functions, and examine continuity of functions. Discontinuities are explained through examples of removable and non-removable discontinuities. Asymptotes including horizontal, vertical, and slant asymptotes are defined.

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29 views

The Limit of A Function, Continuity: Mathematics, Winter Semester 2016/2017 18.10.2017

This document provides material and problems related to limits and asymptotes of functions. It discusses different types of limits including one-sided limits, infinite limits, and limits involving absolute value functions. Example problems evaluate limits, find asymptotes of functions, and examine continuity of functions. Discontinuities are explained through examples of removable and non-removable discontinuities. Asymptotes including horizontal, vertical, and slant asymptotes are defined.

Uploaded by

Tempus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The limit of a function, continuity

Mathematics, winter semester 2016/2017


18.10.2017

Material from the handbook “Calculus Early Tran-


scendentals” by J. Steward, 6th edition.
Recommended reading: Sections 2.2, 2.3, 2.6. Additional material: Sections
2.4, 2.5.

Material from the e-book “MATHEMATICS”


Recommended reading: Sections 4.1, 4.2.

Slant asymptotes
Some curves have asymptotes that are obligue, that is neither horizontal nor
vertical. If
lim [f (x) − (ax + b)] = 0, (1)
x→+∞

where a 6= 0 then the line y = ax + b is called a slant asymptote of the curve


y = f (x) at +∞. Relation (1) is true iff

f (x)
a = lim and b = lim [f (x) − ax] .
x→+∞ x x→+∞

Similarly,if
lim [f (x) − (ax + b)] = 0, (2)
x→−∞

where a 6= 0 then the line y = ax + b is called a slant asymptote of the curve


y = f (x) at −∞. Relation (2) is true iff

f (x)
a = lim and b = lim [f (x) − ax] .
x→−∞ x x→−∞

Useful link
https://www.desmos.com/calculator

1
Problems
1. Evaluate the limit if it exists
√
x2 −9 x2 −9 x2 +x−6 x+6−3
(a) limx→3 x−3 ; (b) limx→−3 x+3 ; (c) limx→2√ x−2 ; (d)limx→3 x−3 ;
4 1
t +1 100+h−10
(e) limt→1 1−t
1−t3 ; (f) limt→−1 t+1 ; (g) limh→0 h .
2−x 2−x ex
2. Determine the infinite limit (a) limx→3+ x−3 ; (b) limx→3 (x−3)2
; (c) limx→5− x−5 ;
√
x+6
(d)limx→3 |x−3| .

3. Find the limit if it exists. If the limit does not exists, explain why. (a)
2−|x|
limx→3 (2x + |x − 3|) ; (b) limx→−6 2x+12 ; (c) limx→0.5− |2x2x−1
3 −x2 | ; (d)limx→−2 2+x ;
  |x+6| 
1 1 1 1
(e) limt→0− t − |t| ; (f) limt→0+ t − |t| .

4. Explain why the function f is discontinuous at the given number a. Sketch


1
the graph of the function. (a) f (x) = x+2 , a = −2; (b) f (x) =
( (
1 x
x+2 if x 6= −2, e if x < 0,
a = −2; (c) f (x) = a = 0; (d)
1 if x = −2, x2 if x ≥ 0,

cos x
 if x < 0,
f (x) = 0 if x = 0, a = 0.

1 − x2 if x > 0,

5. How would you “remove the discontinuity of f ”, in other words, how


would you define f (2) in order to make f continuous on R. (a) f (x) =
√
ex−2 if x < 2,

x+2−2 x3 −8
x−2 ; (b) f (x) = x4 −16 ; (c) f (x) = 2 if x = 2 ; (d) f (x) =
x − 1 if x > 2


cos (x − 2) if x < 2,

0 if x = 2,

 2
x − x − 1 if x > 2.
(
0 if x is rational,
6. For what values of x is f continuous? (a) f (x) = ;
2 if x is irrational,
( (√
0 if x is rational, 2 if x is rational,
(b) f (x) = (c*) f (x) =
x if x is irrational, x if x is irrational.

7. Find the limit (finite or infinite) if it exists. If the limit does not exists,
explain why. (a) limx→+∞ (x + |x − 3|) ; (a’) limx→−∞ (x + |x − 3|) ; (b)
limx→+∞ |2x2x−1 2x−1
3 −x2 | ; (b’) limx→−∞ |2x3 −x2 | ; (c)limx→−∞ cos x; (c’) limx→+∞ cos x;

(d) limx→−∞ |x+7| ; (d’) limx→+∞ |x+7| ; (e) limx→−∞ sin


2x+12 2x+12 x sin x
x+6 ; (e’) limx→+∞ x+6 ;
2−|x| 2−|x|
(f) limx→−∞ 2+x ; (f’) limx→+∞ 2+x .

2
3
8. Find asymptotes and sketch the grapf of a function f. (a) f (x) = x2x+1 ;
2 |2x2 −1|
(b) f (x) = x x+1
3 ; (c) f (x) = (x + |x − 3|) ; (d*) f (x) = |2x−1| ; (e)
√ √
2 2
f (x) = x + 4x; (f) f (x) = x + 4.

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