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Tangent Lines and Derivatives: Mathematics, Winter Semester 2017/2018 8.11.2017

This document provides an overview of material on tangent lines, derivatives, and elasticity from calculus textbooks. It includes 7 practice problems: 1) finding the slope and equation of tangent lines for various functions; 2) finding the slope of tangent lines at given points; 3) finding points where tangent lines are horizontal; 4) taking derivatives using differentiation rules; 5) taking derivatives using product and quotient rules; 6) taking derivatives using chain rule and other rules; 7) calculating elasticity for economic functions. The document recommends sections from two calculus textbooks to supplement the material.

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28 views

Tangent Lines and Derivatives: Mathematics, Winter Semester 2017/2018 8.11.2017

This document provides an overview of material on tangent lines, derivatives, and elasticity from calculus textbooks. It includes 7 practice problems: 1) finding the slope and equation of tangent lines for various functions; 2) finding the slope of tangent lines at given points; 3) finding points where tangent lines are horizontal; 4) taking derivatives using differentiation rules; 5) taking derivatives using product and quotient rules; 6) taking derivatives using chain rule and other rules; 7) calculating elasticity for economic functions. The document recommends sections from two calculus textbooks to supplement the material.

Uploaded by

Tempus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tangent lines and derivatives

Mathematics, winter semester 2017/2018


8.11.2017

Material from the handbook “Calculus Early Tran-


scendentals” by J. Steward, 6th edition.
Recommended reading: Sections 2.7, 2.8 (except Higher Derivatives), 3.1- 3.4.

Material from the e-book “MATHEMATICS”


Recommended reading: Sections 5.1, 5.2.

Problems
1. Using the limit a = limx→x0 f (x)−f x−x0
(x0 )
find the slope a of the tangent
line to the curve y = f (x) at the given point P (x0 , y0 ) and then find an
equation of the tangent line to the curve y = f (x) at the given point P.
(a) y = f (x) = x−1 3
x−2 , P (3, 2); (b) y = f (x) = 2x , P (-1,-2); (c) y = f (x) =
√
x + 1, P (3, 2); (d) y = f (x) = x22x+1 , P (0, 0).

2. Using the limit a = limx→x0 f (x)−f (x0 )


x−x0 find the slope a of the tangent line
x−1
to the curve y = f (x) at the point where x = x0 . (a) y = f (x) = x−2 ; (b)
√ 2x
y = f (x) = 2x3 ; (c) y = f (x) = x + 1; (d) y = f (x) = x2 +1 .

3. Using the limit a = limx→x0 f (x)−f


x−x0
(x0 )
find the slope a of the tangent line
to the curve y = f (x) at the point where x = x0 and then find all points on
the curve y = f (x) such that the tangent lines to this curve at these points
are horizontal lines.√(a) y = f (x) = 3 − 2x + x2 ; (b) y = f (x) = x3 − 3x;
(c) y = f (x) = x − x; (d) y = f (x) = x22x +1 .

4. Using dierentiation rules calculate the derivatives of the functions. √(a)


y = f (x) = 3 − 2x + x2 ; (b) y = f (x) = x3 − 3x; (c) y = f (x) = x − x;
(d) y = f (x) = x22x
+1 .

5. Using dierentiation rules (quotient and product rules) calculate the deriva-
tives of the functions (a) f (x) = x22x +1 ; (b) f (x) = sin x · cos x; (c)
1 2 x sin x
f (x) = ex +1 ; (d) f (x) = 3x e ; (e) f (x) = tan x = cos x.

1
6. Using dierentiation rules (chain rule and other rules) calculate the deriva-
tives of the functions (a) f (x) = (x2 + 1)4 ; (b) f (x) = 21 sin(2x); (c)
2
f (x) = e(x +1) ; (d) f (x) = 2x (hint: 2 = eln 2 ).
7. Recall that in Economics, elasticity is the measurement of how responsive
an economic variable is to a change in another. Find elasticity of the
function f at the given point x0 when (a) f (x) = √5x describes the demand
for some good G as a function of its unit price x, x0 = 49; (b) f (x) =
0.4x1.25 describes the supply of some good G as a function of its unit price
x, x0 = 16; (c) f (x) = 3+0.2x
1+0.4x describes the average cost function as a
function of the number x of units of some good G produced, x0 = 400.

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