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10a. Variables in Java

A variable is a name for a memory location that can store a value of a specified data type. There are three types of variables in Java: local variables declared within methods, instance variables declared in a class but outside of methods, and static variables that are shared among all instances of a class. Data types include primitive types like int and float, and non-primitive types.

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78 views

10a. Variables in Java

A variable is a name for a memory location that can store a value of a specified data type. There are three types of variables in Java: local variables declared within methods, instance variables declared in a class but outside of methods, and static variables that are shared among all instances of a class. Data types include primitive types like int and float, and non-primitive types.

Uploaded by

mehul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Variables

A variable is a container which holds the value while the java program is executed. A variable is assigned with a
datatype.

Variable is a name of memory location. There are three types of variables in java: local, instance and static.

There are two types of data types in java: primitive and non-primitive.

Variable
Variable is name of reserved area allocated in memory. In other words, it is a name of memory location. It is a
combination of "vary + able" that means its value can be changed.

int data=50;//Here data is variable

Types of Variables
There are three types of variables in java:

local variable

instance variable

static variable
1) Local Variable

A variable declared inside the body of the method is called local variable. You can use this variable only within that
method and the other methods in the class aren't even aware that the variable exists.

A local variable cannot be defined with "static" keyword.

2) Instance Variable

A variable declared inside the class but outside the body of the method, is called instance variable. It is not declared as
static.

It is called instance variable because its value is instance specific and is not shared among instances.

3) Static variable

A variable which is declared as static is called static variable. It cannot be local. You can create a single copy of static
variable and share among all the instances of the class. Memory allocation for static variable happens only once when the
class is loaded in the memory.

Example to understand the types of variables in java

class A{
int data=50;//instance variable
static int m=100;//static variable
void method(){
int n=90;//local variable
}
}//end of class

Java Variable Example: Add Two Numbers

class Simple{
public static void main(String[] args){
int a=10;
int b=10;
int c=a+b;
System.out.println(c);
}}

Output:

20

Java Variable Example: Widening

class Simple{
public static void main(String[] args){
int a=10;
float f=a;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(f);
}}
Output:

10
10.0

Java Variable Example: Narrowing (Typecasting)

class Simple{
public static void main(String[] args){
float f=10.5f;
//int a=f;//Compile time error
int a=(int)f;
System.out.println(f);
System.out.println(a);
}}

Output:

10.5
10

Java Variable Example: Overflow

class Simple{
public static void main(String[] args){
//Overflow
int a=130;
byte b=(byte)a;
System.out.println(a);
System.out.println(b);
}}

Output:

130
-126

Java Variable Example: Adding Lower Type

class Simple{
public static void main(String[] args){
byte a=10;
byte b=10;
//byte c=a+b;//Compile Time Error: because a+b=20 will be int
byte c=(byte)(a+b);
System.out.println(c);
}}

Output:

20

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