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Introduction

Bernoulli's principle states that as the velocity of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. This principle is demonstrated in a Venturi meter, which uses a converging-diverging tube to manipulate fluid velocity and lower static pressure. The actual flow rate measured by a Venturi meter is less than the theoretical rate due to frictional losses. It is determined using a discharge coefficient that accounts for these losses.

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chaitanya
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27 views

Introduction

Bernoulli's principle states that as the velocity of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. This principle is demonstrated in a Venturi meter, which uses a converging-diverging tube to manipulate fluid velocity and lower static pressure. The actual flow rate measured by a Venturi meter is less than the theoretical rate due to frictional losses. It is determined using a discharge coefficient that accounts for these losses.

Uploaded by

chaitanya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Bernoulli’s Principle is a theoretical and*practical*study of density, pressure and


velocity of fluids. It was published in 1700s and it showed that as the velocity of a
certain fluid flow increases, its pressure decreases. Such situation can be expressed
by the following equation:

p v2
  z  h* 
g 2 g Constant (Eq. 1)

Venturi*meter is made up of a venturi tube and also differential pressure gauge.


There are*converging section and diverging section in the tube, which allows the
velocity of fluid to be manipulated,*thereby lowering its static pressure. By
assuming incompressible flow and there is no*frictional losses, we can derive a
formula as shown below:

 
 
 1   p1  p2 
Qi  A2    2 g   Z1  Z 2  
  A2 
2
   g  
 1    
  A1   (Eq.2)

However, the actual flow rate for real fluid flow will be less than that given by Eq.2.
This is due to frictional effects and consequent head loss between inlet and throat.
So, the equation will become :
 
 
 1  P P 
Qa  Cd  A2     2 g  1 2  Z1  Z 2  
  A2   
2
 g  
 1   
A  
  1   (Eq.3)
Where Cd is the coefficient of discharge that can be found using the equation:
Qa
Cd 
Qi (Eq.4)

1
2

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