PROJECT REPORT

On

Automatic Changeover switch

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

Diploma In Electrical Engineering Department

Mewar University

SUBMIITED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mr. Yuvraj Ram Rijhan Yadav
(Head Of Department) Diploma EE (5th SEM)
Roll No. 170100020012
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “Modelling Of The Three Phase
Induction Motor” using “Simulink” is the bonafide work carried out by Ram
Rijhan Yadav, a student of Diploma EE of Mewar University during the
academic year 2017-2020 in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
the degree of Diploma in Electrical Engineering.

The report submitted by the student is the work of student himself and he
has fulfilled the requirements of completing his work during the training.
His conduct was good during the entire training period. He was sincere
towards his work and did all the study with thorough understanding and
dedication.

BALVIR CHAHAL

MANAGING DIRECTOR

AVO Training
Institute
 Jaipur

DECLARATION

I Ram Rijhan Yadav hereby declare that the Project Report entitled
“Modelling Of The Three Phase Induction Motor” submitted by
me to Mewar University is record of an original work done by me under
the guidance of Mr. Lalit Gaur.

This Project report has been submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of degree of Diploma in Electrical Engineering. This is my original
work and the conclusions drawn therein are based on the material collected by
myself. This project report has not been submitted to any other university or
institute for the award of Diploma degree.

Under the Guidance of: Signature of the Student:

Mr. Lalit Gaur Ram Rijhan Yadav

(Project Supervisor) Roll no:

170100020012
 Course: Diploma CSE

ABSTRACT

Diploma of Electrical Engineering is a stepping stone to the Electrical Career. It

has great pleasure in presenting this research project which is essential in
partial fulfilment of Diploma of Computer Science programmer. Research
Report is an integral part of curriculum and its purpose is to provide the
Student with the practical exposure of the today’s changing scenario. It helps
in the development of practical skills and analytical thinking process about the
investment methods of different people in the present environment. It
provides with basic skills required to perform the survey and statistical tool
needed to analyses the data. Thus, it helps in moulding the students according
to the requirement of actual world. Simple language has been used throughout
the report. Report is illustrated with figures, charts and diagrams as and when
required.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This project report is a fruit of my intense hard work and dedication during my
training session and project work.

It gives me a great pleasure to submit this project to Mewar University. I take

this opportunity with great pleasure to present this project on “Modelling
Of The Three Phase Induction Motor Using Simulink ” which is a
result of co-operation, hard work and good wishes of many people.

First, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to almighty god who granted
me health and long life, without which I could not have finished this project
report.

I am deeply grateful to Mr. Shiva Sir (Head of Department) of Mewar

University for their everlasting support or guidance on the ground of which I
have acquired a new field of knowledge.

I would like to thanks Mr. Lalit Gaur who has been my mentor for this project,
it was only through her excellence assistance and good suggestions that I have
been able to complete this project. I am thankful to all the members of
AVO Training Institute who always answer my queries and who have given

me all the valuable information related to the project.

I extent my sincere gratitude toward my parents who have always encourage
me. Their support motivated has always with me.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE No.

i. CERTIFICATE ………………………………………………. I

ii. DECLARATION ……………………………………………... II

iii. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………… III

iv. PREFACE ……………………………………………………... IV

1. INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY…………………… 7-8

2. INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT .…………………………. 9 - 11

3. PRODUCT DESIGN ............................................................… 12 - 32

4. DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION ..................... 33 – 73

5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE ................................. 74 - 75

 CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY
A2IT Soft Pvt. Ltd. is established in 2001 and one of the fastest growing company

in the field of technical services & Solutions. They are information

and technology services provider focusing on providing highly scalable business solutions
with innovative approach and advanced methodologies for all the developed and blooming
companies covering all the sectors. They provide strategic development for the global
business community with their wide array of effective solutions and services customized to a
range of key verticals & horizontals.
Their approach is based on commencing the projects with clear objectives, delivering
significant outcomes to help overcome the needs of all their clients with proficiency. They
work with a dynamic and fervent team of IT professionals driven by par excellence to deliver
the best possible solutions by utilizing state of art technologies.
With a customer centric focus they ensure their clients with satisfied results every time and
therefore they provide full support to their clients even beyond project completion. They are
acknowledged for their quality standards, work process, professional service, and suppleness
by all their clients.
A2IT deals with different services provided by them by keeping in mind the customer
satisfaction and on-time delivery with the effective work done.
• Web Designing
• Internet Marketing
• Website Development
 • Mobile Application Development
• ERP Implementation and Support
• 6 Week/Months Industrial Training
• Domain Registration & Web Hosting

Mohali Office (Development)

C-124, 1st floor, Phase 8, Industrial Area
Mohali – Punjab

CHAPTER 2:
INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

2.1. OVERVIEW

The Tour and Travel has been developing to override the problems prevailing in the practicing
manual system. This software is supported to eliminate and, in some cases reduce the hardships faced
by this existing system. More over this system is designed for the particular need of the company to
carry out operations in a smooth and effective manner.

2.2. EXISTING SYSTEM

Cannot Upload and Download the latest updates.

No use of Web Services and Removing.

Risk of mismanagement and of data when the project is under development.

Less Security.

No proper coordination between different Applications and Users.

Fewer Users - Friendly.

2.3 USER REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

The purpose of this project is to provide the complete information about the Package
available for a tour.
The data is categories by the category of the packages which can be edit or deleted by the
admin.

The user play the guest user role and can view the entire category and the package.

2.4 FEASIBILITY STUDY

Preliminary investigation examine project feasibility, the likelihood the system will be useful
to the organization. The main objective of the feasibility study is to test the Technical,
Operational and Economical feasibility for adding new modules and debugging old running
system. All system is feasible if they are unlimited resources and infinite time. There are
aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation:

Technical Feasibility

Operation Feasibility

Economical Feasibility

2.4.1. Technical Feasibility

The technical issue usually raised during the feasibility stage of the investigation includes the
following:

Does the necessary technology exist to do what is suggested?

Do the proposed equipment’s have the technical capacity to hold the data required to use the new
system?

Will the proposed system provide adequate response to inquiries, regardless of the number or location
of users?

Can the system be upgraded if developed?

Are there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security?
Earlier no system existed to cater to the needs of ‘Secure Infrastructure Implementation System’. The
current system developed is technically feasible. It is a web based user interface for audit workflow at
NIC-CSD. Thus it provides an easy access to the users. The database’s purpose is to create, establish
and maintain a workflow among various entities in order to facilitate all concerned users in their
various capacities or roles. Permission to the users would be granted based on the roles specified.

2.4.2. Operational Feasibility

Proposed projects are beneficial only if they can be turned out into information system. That will meet
the organization’s operating requirements. Operational feasibility aspects of the project are to be
taken as an important part of the project implementation. Some of the important issues raised are to
test the operational feasibility of a project includes the following:

Is there sufficient support for the management from the users?

Will the system be used and work properly if it is being developed and implemented?

Will there be any resistance from the user that will undermine the possible application benefits?

This system is targeted to be in accordance with the above-mentioned issues. Beforehand, the
management issues and user requirements have been taken into consideration. So there is no question
of resistance from the users that can undermine the possible application benefits

2.4.3. Economic Feasibility

A system can be developed technically and that will be used if installed must still be a good
investment for the organization. In the economical feasibility, the development cost in creating the
system is evaluated against the ultimate benefit derived from the new systems. Financial benefits must
equal or exceed the costs.

2.5 OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT

The development of the new system contains the following activities, which try to automate the entire
process keeping in view of the database integration approach.

User friendliness is provided in the application with various controls.

The system makes the overall project management much easier and flexible.

Readily upload the latest updates, allows user to download the alerts by clicking the URL.

There is no risk of data mismanagement at any level while the project development is under process.

It provides high level of security with different level of authentication.

CHAPTER 3:
PRODUCT DESIGN

3.1. USER REQUIREMENTS

We aim to become a pioneer in the vehicle rental industry by completely focusing on

customers, our employees, growth, innovation and efficiency. All of these elements will drive
us towards success and show us as one company that can perform and give value for money.
This Service will make A manager to think of whether the transportation is expensive and
maintaining quality or not.

Methodology/ Planning of work 

The prototyping model:

The mode is used for developing the “hire cab” is the prototyping model.

Prototyping Model is based on the idea of developing an initial implementation, exposing this
to user comment and defining this through many until an adequate system has been
developed.

The prototype design, is often, quite different from that of the final system. The benefits of
developing a prototype early in the software process are:
Misunderstanding between software developers and users may be identified, as the functions
are demonstrated.

Missing user services may be detected.

Difficult to use or confusing user services may be indentified and refined.

Software development staff may find incompleteness and inconsistency in requirement as the
prototype is developed.

A working albeit limited systems is available quickly to demonstrate the feasibility and
usefulness of the application to the management.

The prototype serves as a basis for writing the specification for a production quality system.
Though the principle purpose of prototyping is to validate software requirements, software
prototype also has other uses.

A prototype system can be used for training users before the formal system has been
delivered.

Prototype can be run back-to-back tests. This reduces the need for tedious manual checking
of test run. The same test is given to both the prototype and the system under test to look for
differences in the final results and thereby making necessary changes. Thus prototype serves
as a technique of risk reduction.
 Fig: 3.1 Prototype model

3.1.1 Module Design:

Software design sits at the technical kernel of the software engineering process and is applied
regardless of the development paradigm and area of application. Design is the first step in the
development phase for any engineered product or system. The designer’s goal is to produce a
model or representation of an entity that will later be built. Beginning, once system
 requirement have been specified and analyzed, system design is the first of the three technical
activities -design, code and test that is required to build and verify software.

The importance can be stated with a single word “Quality”. Design is the place where quality
is fostered in software development. Design provides us with representations of software that
can assess for quality. Design is the only way that we can accurately translate a customer’s
view into a finished software product or system. Software design serves as a foundation for
all the software engineering steps that follow. Without a strong design we risk building an
unstable system – one that will be difficult to test, one whose quality cannot be assessed until
the last stage.

During design, progressive refinement of data structure, program structure, and procedural
details are developed reviewed and documented. System design can be viewed from either
technical or project management perspective. From the technical point of view, design is
comprised of four activities – architectural design, data structure design, interface design and
procedural design.

Admin Module:

Admin can create/delete/view Packages

Admin can add create/delete/view Packages Category

Admin can Register Users

3.2. DATA FLOW DAIGRAM

A data flow diagram is graphical tool used to describe and analyze movement of data through a
system. These are the central tool and the basis from which the other components are
developed. The transformation of data from input to output, through processed, may be
described logically and independently of physical components associated with the system.
These are known as the logical data flow diagrams. The physical data flow diagrams show the
actual implements and movement of data between people, departments and workstations. A
full description of a system actually consists of a set of data flow diagrams. Using two familiar
notations Yourdon, Gane and Sarson notation develops the data flow diagrams. Each
component in a DFD is labeled with a descriptive name. Process is further identified with a
number that will be used for identification purpose. The development of DFD’S is done in
several levels. Each process in lower level diagrams can be broken down into a more detailed
DFD in the next level. The lop-level diagram is often called context diagram. It consists a
single process bit, which plays vital role in studying the current system. The process in the
context level diagram is exploded into other process at the first level DFD.

The idea behind the explosion of a process into more process is that understanding at one level
of detail is exploded into greater detail at the next level. This is done until further explosion is
necessary and an adequate amount of detail is described for analyst to understand the process.

Larry Constantine first developed the DFD as a way of expressing system requirements in a
graphical from, this lead to the modular design.

A DFD is also known as a “bubble Chart” has the purpose of clarifying system requirements
and identifying major transformations that will become programs in system design. So it is the
starting point of the design to the lowest level of detail. A DFD consists of a series of bubbles
joined by data flows in the system.

DFD SYMBOLS:
In the DFD, there are four symbols

1. A square defines a source(originator) or destination of system data

2. An arrow identifies data flow. It is the pipeline through which the information flows
3. A circle or a bubble represents a process that transforms incoming data flow into
outgoing data flows.
4. An open rectangle is a data store, data at rest or a temporary repository of data Process
that transforms data flow.

CONSTRUCTING A DFD:
Several rules of thumb are used in drawing DFD’S:

1. Process should be named and numbered for an easy reference. Each name should be
representative of the process.
2. The direction of flow is from top to bottom and from left to right. Data traditionally flow
from source to the destination although they may flow back to the source. One way to indicate
this is to draw long flow line back to a source. An alternative way is to repeat the source
symbol as a destination. Since it is used more than once in the DFD it is marked with a short
diagonal.

3. When a process is exploded into lower level details, they are numbered.

4. The names of data stores and destinations are written in capital letters. Process and
dataflow names have the first letter of each work capitalized

A DFD typically shows the minimum contents of data store. Each data store should contain all
the data elements that flow in and out.

SAILENT FEATURES OF DFD’S

• The DFD shows flow of data, not of control loops and decision are controlled considerations
do not appear on a DFD.

• The DFD does not indicate the time factor involved in any process whether the dataflow take
place daily, weekly, monthly or yearly.

• The sequence of events is not brought out on the DFD.

Fig.3.2 Level 0 DFD
Fig.3.3 Level 1 DFD
 Fig.3.4 Level 2 DFD

3.3. DATABASE DESIGN

The following are the relations we have designed to manage the database. Here we have followed a
convention of having the table names with tb as a prefix, and the remaining name of the table
represent the description of the data inside that table.

A Complete Database and tables detail with Primary and Foreign Keys, and proper Constraints in
fields..

Database Design and RDBMS

The general theme behind database design is to handle information as on integrated whole.
There is none of the artificiality that is normally embedded in separate files or applications. A
database is a collection of interrelated data stored with minimum redundancy to serve many
users quickly and efficiently. The general objective is to make information access easy,
quick, inexpensive and flexible for the user. In database design of this project several
objectives were considered.

Controlled redundancy: Redundant data occupies space and therefore is wasteful. If versions
of the same data are in different phase of updating, the system gives conflict information. A
unique aspect of database design is strong a data only once, which control redundancy and
improves system performance.

Ease of learning and use: A major feature of user-friendly database package is how easy it to
learn and use. Related to this point is that a database can be modified without interfering with
established way of using data.

Data independence: An important database objective is changing hardware and store

procedures or adding new data without having to rewrite application programs.

Performance: This objective emphasizes response time to inquiries suitable to use of the data.
How satisfactory the response time is depends on the nature of the user database dialogue.
Database Design Screenshots
Fig.3.8 Package detail Table
 3.4. E-RDAIGRAM

An Entity-Relationship Model (ERM) is an abstract and conceptual representation of data.

Entity-relationship modeling is a database modeling method, used to produce a type of
conceptual schema or semantic data model of a system, often a relational database, and its
requirements in a top-down fashion. The entity-relationship model is a way of graphically
representing the logical relationships of entities in order to create a database. The ER model
was first proposed by Peter Pin-Shan Chen of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in
the 1970s.

In ER modeling, the structure for a database is portrayed as a diagram, called an entity-

relationship diagram, that resembles the graphical breakdown of a sentence into its
grammatical parts. Entities are rendered as points, polygons, circles, or ovals. Relationships are
portrayed as lines connecting the points, polygons, circles, or ovals. Any ER diagram has an
equivalent relational table, and any relational table has an equivalent ER diagram. ER
diagramming is an invaluable aid to engineers in the design, optimization, and debugging of
database programs. Entities and Entity Sets:

•An entity is an object that exists and is distinguishable from other objects. For instance,
John Harris with S.I.N. 890-12-3456 is an entity, as he can be uniquely identified as one
particular person in the universe.

•An entity may be concrete or abstract.

•An entity set is a set of entities of the same type.

•Entity sets need not be disjoint.

•An entity is represented by a set of attributes.

•Formally, an attribute is a function which maps an entity set into a domain.

Mapping Constraints: An E-R scheme may define constraints to which the contents of a
database must conform.

•One-to-one: An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B, and an entity in B is

associated with at most one entity in A.

•One-to-many: An entity in A is associated with any number in B. An entity in B is associated

with at most one entity in A.

•Many-to-one: An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B. An entity in B is

associated with any number in A.

•Many-to-many: Entities in A and B are associated with any number from each other.

Fig.3.9 E-R Diagram

3.5. ASSUMPTIONS AND DEPENDENCIES

Team Structure:-

The team structure was of hierarchical type. The authorities and delegations were divided in
the hierarchical way. It followed Top to Bottom approach. In this project there is one Project
Manager, one Technical Leader and one Senior Software Engineer. Seven trainees are
allotted for this project and project is progressed under the supervision of all the team
members.
 Fig.3.10 Project Plan

Development Schedule:-

We are divided into one team. Each one has been assigned its own module, and in team we
are assigned sub modules to different members.

• At first stage we are asked to analysis our sub module requirements.

• Next step involve identifying entities involve in sub module assigned
• Then we were asked to make our sub modules database as well as data flow diagrams.
• The DFDs well as database designed by us were checked and modified by the experts.
• Finally we were asked to design our database in MYSQL.
• After designing our database we are ask to design front end in PHP.
• After designing here arise the most critical phase that is coding.
3.6. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

Server Side Requirement

Minimum Processor   CORE i3

Hardware Main Memory 4 GB RAM

Requirement HDD 80 GB

Operating System  Windows 10

Minimum
Database My SQL
Software
Server  XAMP
Requirement
Browser Internet Explorer 9.0

Client Side Requirement

Minimum Processor          Pentium IV

Hardware Main Memory 1 GB RAM

Requirement HDD 4 GB

Minimum Browser Internet Explorer

Software
Operating System     Windows XP
Requirement

CHAPTER 4:
DEVELOPEMNT AND INPLEMENTATION
4.1. INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGES

Understanding PHP

DEFINITION:

PHP is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web
development and can be embedded into HTML. It is not platform independent. What distinguishes
PHP from something like client-side JavaScript is that the code is executed on the server, generating
HTML which is then sent to the client. The client would receive the results of running that script, but
would not know what the underlying code was. You can even configure your web server to process
all your HTML files with PHP, and then there's really no way that users can tell what you have up
your sleeve. The best things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers
many advanced features.Anything, PHP is mainly focused on server-side scripting, so you can do
anything any other CGI program can do, such as collect form data, generate dynamic page content, or
send and receive cookies. There are three main areas where PHP scripts are used:

• Server-side scripting
• Command line scripting
• Writing desktop applications

MYSQL SERVER

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a computer language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data
stored in databases. The first manifestation of SQL appeared in 1974, when a group in IBM
developed the first sample of a relational database. The first commercial relational database was
relesed by relational software.Standards for SQL exist. However, the SQL that can be used on each
one of the major RDBMS today is in different flavors.SQL is short for Structured Query Language
and is a widely used database language, providing means of data manipulation
(store,retrieve,update,delete) and database creation.Systems like MS SQL Server, Microsoft Access,
MSDE, Oracle, DB2, Sybase, MySQL, Postgres and Informix use SQL as standard database
language. Now a word of warning here, although all those RDBMS use SQL, they use different SQL
dialects.

For example MS SQL Server specific version of the SQL is called T-SQL, Oracle version of SQL is
called PL/SQL, MS Access version of SQL is called JET SQL, etc.
Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use commonly used SQL commands and you will be able to
apply most of the knowledge gathered from this SQL tutorial to any of the databases above. This SQL
tutorial site lists commonly-used SQL statements, and it covers the following sections:

1.SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML)

2.SQL Data Defination Language (DDL)

Following are some of the features of MySQL Database:

• Manageability

• Backup and Recovery

• High availability

• Business Intelligence

• Content Management

• Security

• Data integrity/Triggers

• Information Integration Features

• Accepting query language statement

• Optimizing queries

• Managing data sharing

• Managing System catalogs

The MySQL is an open source relational database management system.It is based on the
structure query language(SQL),which is used for adding,removing and modifying
information in the database.Standard SQL commands such as add,drop,insert and update can
be used with MYSQL.MySQL can be used for a variety of applications, but is most
commonly found on Web servers. A website that uses MySQL may include Web pages that
access information from a database. These pages are often referred to as dynamic meaning
the content of each page is generated from a database as the page loads. Websites that use
dynamic Web pages are often referred to as database-driven websites.
Many database-driven websites that use MySQL also use a Web scripting language like PHP
to access information from the database. MySQL commands can be incorporated into the
PHP code, allowing part or all of a Web page to be generated from database information.
Because both MySQL and PHP are both open source, the PHP/MySQL combination has
become a popular choice for database-driven websites.

Back Page Design

4.2. ANY OTHER SUPPORTING LANGUAGES

HTML

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely used language to

write Web Pages.

Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together.
Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.

As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means you use HTML to simply
"mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display.

Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like
headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information
between researchers.

Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags
available in HTML language.
 Sr.N Tag & Description
o

1 <!DOCTYPE...>

This tag defines the document type and HTML version.

2 <html>

This tag encloses the complete HTML document and mainly comprises of
document header which is represented by <head>...</head> and document body
which is represented by <body>...</body> tags.

3 <head>

This tag represents the document's header which can keep other HTML tags like
<title>, <link> etc.

4 <title>

The <title> tag is used inside the <head> tag to mention the document title.

5 <body>

This tag represents the document's body which keeps other HTML tags like
<h1>, <div>, <p> etc.

6 <h1>

This tag represents the heading.

7 <p>

This tag represents a paragraph.

CSS(Cascading Style Sheet)

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.CSS describes how HTML elements are to be
displayed on screen, paper, or in other media.

CSS Syntax

A CSS rule-set consists of a selector and a declaration block:

Fig :3.2.1

The CSS background properties are used to define the background effects for elements.

The CSS background properties are used to define the background effects for elements.

CSS background properties:

background-color

background-image

background-repeat

background-attachment

background-position

JavaScript
JavaScript is one of the 3 languages all web developers must learn:

1. HTML to define the content of web pages.

   2. CSS to specify the layout of web pages.

   3. JavaScript to program the behavior of web pages.

The <script> Tag

<html>

<body>

<h2>JavaScript in Body</h2>

<p id="demo"></p>

<script>

document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "My First JavaScript";

</script>

</body>

</html>

Output:

JavaScript in Body

My First JavaScript

JQuery
There are lots of other JavaScript frameworks out there, but jQuery seems to be the most
popular, and also the most extendable.Many of the biggest companies on the Web use
jQuery, such as:

Google.

Microsoft.

IBM.

Front Page Design

4.4. TESTING

The software engineering process can be viewed as a spiral. Initially system engineering
defines the role of software and leads to software requirement analysis where the information
domain, functions, behavior, performance, constraints and validation criteria for software are
established. Moving inward along the spiral, we come to design and finally to coding. To
develop computer software we spiral in along streamlines that decrease the level of
abstraction on each turn.

A strategy for software testing may also be viewed in the context of the spiral. Unit testing
begins at the vertex of the spiral and concentrates on each unit of the software as
implemented in source code. Testing progress by moving outward along the spiral to
integration testing, where the focus is on the design and the construction of the software
architecture. Talking another turn on outward on the spiral we encounter validation testing
where requirements established as part of software requirements analysis are validated
against the software that has been constructed. Finally we arrive at system testing, where the
software and other system elements are tested as a whole.

Fig 4.10 Testing Flow

TYPE OF TESTING:

System testing is one of the most crucial elements to which the attention is needed for the
careful examination of the operations. System testing ensures the quality of the product and
represents the ultimate review of the specification, design and coding. Testing phase is
responsible for assurance of good quality of product. The system is tested successfully with
different testing technique.

Integrated Testing

Testing progress by moving outward along the rectangle leads to integrating testing. It is a
systematic technique for constructing the program structure whereas at the same time
conducting tests to uncover errors associated for interfacing. The objectives are to take unit-
tested modules and build a program structure that has been dictated by the design.

Validation Testing

At the culmination of integrating testing, software is completely assembled as a package,

interfacing errors have been discovered and corrected, and a final series of software tests-
validation testing may begin. Validation success when the software functions in a manner
that can reasonably expected by the customer. Deviations and errors have been corrected.

System Testing

Here, the system is tested with all the components of application. The project leader tests all
the components to see that they interact correctly when combined as a one product. A series
of testing are performed for newly developed systems before the system is ready for the users
acceptance testing and output testing. Software once validated must be combined with other
systems. System testing verifies that all the elements mesh properly and that the overall
system performance is achieved. It is actually a series of different tests whose primary
purpose is to fully exercise the computer-based system.

User Acceptance Testing

The system tested for the user acceptance by constantly keeping in touch with prospective
system users at the time of development and changes were made whenever required.
Programming Code
The programming is written in php language using Mysql, bootstrap, php, html, css, javascript,
jquery. It helps to develop the ecommerce websites as shopping portal which helps to buy the
items and register new id and to buy the items and the admin page to control the stock of items
available and many more using php language.
 CHAPTER 5:
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

5.1. CONCLUSION

It has been a great pleasure for me to work on this exciting and challenging project. This
project proved good for me as it provided practical knowledge of not only programming in
PHP web based application and no some extent Windows Application and SQL Server, but
also about all handling procedure related with “E-commerce websites”. It also provides
knowledge about the latest technology used in developing web enabled application and client
server technology that will be great demand in future. This will provide better opportunities
and guidance in future in developing projects independently.

5.2. FUTURE SCOPE

The system has been developed with much care that it is free of errors and at the same time it
is efficient and less time consuming. The important thing is that the system is robust. Avoid
malfunction from outsiders. It goes through all phases of software development cycle. So
product is accurate. Also provision is provided for future developments in the system.

Completion of the development process resulted in a software package that provide user
friendly environment which is very easy to work with, even for people with very little
knowledge of computer. Management of various tasks is incorporated in the package and will
deliver the required information in a very easy to use and easy to access manner. This
package will provide accuracy, efficiency, speed and easiness to the end user. Paper work
will be subjugated and come to an appropriate level.
This website is basically for people who want to visit the famous places in the interested
cities that they never have seen before. The users of the website will be all those people who
want to find out places for wandering, save the time and money of the visitors as they can
search for the interested places before they actually go. Parks, temples etc. in the interested
cities before they actually go there. So, the objective of this website to save the time and
money of the visitors as they can search for the interested places before they actually go.
The idea of this project is very good so the future scope is that it can be applied to find the
places all over the world rather than a single country.

REFERENCES

• https://getbootstrap.com
• https://www.w3schools.com
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/php
• https://www.tripadvisor.com