Labor and Social Legislation, Civil Law, Taxation Law, Mercantile Law, Criminal Law, Remedial

Law Terms Labor Law – is that branch of law which
governs the rights and obligations of

the exercise of powers underlying the existence of all governments employers and employees and provides the
on the time- honored principles of salus populi est suprema lex. rules for which such rights and obligations
(Calalang v. Williams) may be enforced.
Civil Law – a mass of precepts that determine and regulate the Social Legislation – means the promotion
systems, authorities, and obedience among the members of the of the welfare of all the people, the adoption
family, and those which exist in society for the protection of private by the Government of measures calculated to insure economic
interest. (Sanchez Roman) stability of all the
competent elements of society, through the
Taxation Law – is that branch of law which deals with the inherent maintenance of a proper economic and
power of the sovereign, exercised through the legislature, to impose social equilibrium in the interrelations of the
burdens upon the subjects and objects within its jurisdiction, for the members of the community, constitutionally,
purpose of raising revenues to carry out the legitimate objects of the through the adoption of measures legally
government. justifiable, or extra-constitutionally, through the exercise of powers
underlying the existence of all governments on the time- honored
principles of salus populi est suprema lex. (Calalang v. Williams)
Introduction
Definition of Terms: Research; Legal o Research; Law (Political Law,

Labor and
Social Legislation, Civil Law, Taxation Law, o Substantive Law - is that branch of law
Mercantile Law, Criminal Law, Remedial which creates, defines or regulates rights concerning life, liberty or property,
or the powers of agencies or instrumentalities for the administration
Law – is a rule of conduct formulated and made o obligatory by the
of public affairs, whereas rules of procedure are provisions prescribing the
legitimate power of the state method by
which substantive rights may be enforced in courts of justice.
Political Law – is that branch of public law which deals with the
organization and operation of the governmental organs of the State Republic Act – are statutes enacted from 1946 to 1972, and 1987
and defines the relations of the States with the inhabitants of its up to the present in the promulgation of the 1987 Constitution.
territory (People v. Perfecto)
Public International law:
Mercantile Law – is that branch of private law which regulates the
juridical relations arising from commercial acts and according to
it is the body of rules and principles
which the questions or controversies which may arise therefrom are
resolved (Vivante’s Institutiones p. 3)
that are recognized and legally binding
Criminal Law – is that branch of public law which defines crimes,
and which govern the relation of states
treats of their nature and provides for their punishment.
and other entities invested with international legal personality (ILP).

Remedial Law – branch of law which deals with protection and
enforcement of rights, redress and prevention of wrong
Legal Ethics – is that branch of moral science which treats of the Bill: (CODE: Is InFo)
duties which an attorney owes to the court, to his clients, to his
colleagues in the profession and to the public as embodied in the is a proposed legislative measure,
Constitution, Rules of Court, the Code of Professional Responsibility,
Canons of Professional Ethics, Jurisprudence, Moral Laws, and introduced by a member/members of Congress,
Special Laws.
for its enactment into law.
Constitution – is a written instrument enacted by the direct action
of the people by which the fundamental powers of the government
Who is a lawyer?
are established, limited, and defined, and by which those powers are
distributed among the several departments for their safe and useful
exercise, and for the benefit of the body politic. (Malcolm and Laurel) o it refers to that class of persons who by license are officers of the
court and who are empowered to appear, prosecute, and defend and
on whom peculiar duties, responsibilities, and liabilities are devolved
Statute: (CODE: IsEAR)
by law as a consequence. (Cui v. Cui)
is an act of legislature as an organized body,

What is "practice of law"?
o Any activity, in or out of court, which requires
expressed in the form,
the application of law, legal procedure, knowledge, training and
and passed according to the procedure, experience. It is to give notice or render any kind of service, which
device or service requires the use in any degree of legal knowledge
required to constitute it as part of the law of the land. or skill (Cayetano v. Monsod)
Public International Law: (CODE: IThAn An)

Labor and Social Legislation, Civil Law, Taxation Law, Mercantile Law, Criminal Law, Remedial

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Labor and Social Legislation, Civil Law, Taxation Law, Mercantile Law, Criminal Law, Remedial

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Law Terms Labor Law – is that branch of law which

governs the rights and obligations of

Definition of Terms: Research; Legal o Research; Law (Political Law,

and other entities invested with international legal personality (ILP).

is an act of legislature as an organized body,

Public International Law: (CODE: IThAn An)

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