Introduction:

Diaspora is a large group of people with a similar heritage or homeland who have
since moved out to places all over the world.

Migration is a truly global phenomenon with movements both within nations and
internationally across borders. In other words migration makes up more than 1
billion people or one seventh of the world’s population. Population diversity in
most developed countries can be attributed to international migration whereas in
developing nations it mostly internal migration that contributes to this diversity.

Types of migration:

Migration can be classified in several ways. It is usually categorized:

– By political boundaries – Based on political limits and the boundaries crossed,

such as districts, counties, state borders and international boundaries, further
identified as the places of origin and destination. A widely recognized distinction
exists between internal and international migration: 
– Internal migration – Migration occurring within a country from crossing
political boundaries, either within a state or between states, whether urban to 
rural, urban to urban, rural to rural, or rural to urban. The term associated with
migrants arriving at their destination is “in-migrants”, and with those leaving 
their place of origin is “out-migrants”. This form of migration also includes
movement between villages, blocks and districts.
– International migration – Migration occurring across country boundaries.
Such migrants are known as Immigrants (coming into a foreign country) and 
Emigrants (leaving their own country). This also includes continent to continent
Migration.

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Homeand – Diaspora Relations

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Diaspora Day: The made working group on diaspora and migrants in
development is excited to announce the launch of the first ever global diaspora
day our call for submissions generated over 80 articles case studies, photos and
videos from over the world. We are pleased to share with you all the selected and
inspiring stories, learning tools and initiatives organized by afford and made
network global Diaspora day aims to-

# Raise awareness about the positive role and contributions of diaspora and
migrants towards development in their countries of origin and residence, in
particular on job creation and enterprise

# Showcase example initiatives that address negatives migrant stereotypes and

xenophobia

# Gather and share tools and resource that can be replicated and adapted in other
contexts to effectively make and an impact in this area.

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Methodology:
There is a methodological tendency in work on Diaspora and digital media for
quantitative investigations to approach Diaspora in static ways that contract with
theories of Diaspora as a dynamic cultural formation. On the other hand
qualitative ethnographic work tends not to engage with digital methods and
quantitative data driven investigation. In this article we sketch this methodological
and disciplinary disconnect and address it by proposing a model for understanding
digitally mediated formations of Diaspora that combines digital methods
techniques with sensitivity to ethical and theoretical discussions of migration and
Diaspora. Drawing on interpretive epistemologies and feminist research ethics, we
present a case study analysis of a locally informed, Turkish Dutch issue. We argue
for a method that produces mattering maps .This involves tracking and visualizing
digital traces of an issue across web platforms and integrating this with an analysis
of the face to face interview response of a key issue actor.

Primary Data Analysis:

According to UN world Migration Report (2018) Indian diaspora is world largest

with slightly more than 15.6 million people from India living overseas .The report
was released by international organization for migration.

The India diaspora constitutes 6% of the total number of international migrants

(people living outside the country of their birth). Which was estimated at 243
million in 2015?

According to the report, Mexico has second largest Diaspora after India followed
by Russia 3rd, China 4th, Bangladesh 5th and Pakistan 6th. The Gulf nations house
biggest share of the Indian diaspora- nearly 3.5 million or 22% of total Indian
diaspora.

The global migrants figure has risen by 10% over that recorded in 2010.In other
words ,out of global population of703 billion, one of every 30 people was migrant
in 2015.However, if computed as percentage of world’s population , the growth of
diaspora has been largely static, from 3.2% in 2010 to 3.3% in 2015.

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Notably, people in working age group between 20 to 64 years, account for nearly
72% i.e. significant chunk of international migrant population. Nearly half of all
the international migrants worldwide in 2015 were born in Asia, primarily
origination from India, China and other South Asian countries.

Since 1970, the us has been the main destination for international migrants .The
number of foreign born people residing in US ha almost quadrupled from fewer
than 12 million in 1970 to 46.6 million in 2015 of which nearly 2 million are of
Indian origin

IOM is an intergovernmental organization that provides services and advice

concerning migration to governments and migrants, including refugees, internally
displaced persons and migrant workers.IOM was established in 1951 as
intergovernmental committee for European Migration (ICEM) to help resettle
people displaced by world war2. It was granted permanent observer status to UN
General between IOM and the UN was signed in1996.

IOM works in four broad areas of migration management: migration and

development, Facilitating migration. It has 166 member states, a further 8 states
holding observer status and offices in over 100 countries, it has more than 9500
staff and 450 offices worldwide.

Top 7 destination No of Top 7 countries of No of

countries for global international origin for global international

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diaspora migrants(in diaspora migrants(in
million) million)
1 US 46.6 1 India 15.6
2 Germany 12.0 2 Mexico 12.3
3 Russia 11.6 3 Russia 10.6
4 Saudi Arabia 10.0 4 China(+Hong kong) 10.5
5 UK 8.5 5 Bangladesh 7.2
6 UAE 8.0 6 Pakistan 5.9
7 Canada 7.8 7 Ukraine 5.8

Top 7 destination countries for global diaspora[No of

international migrants(in million)]

US Germany Russia Saudi Arabia UK UAE Canada

8%
7%
8%

45%

10%

11%
11%

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 Top 7 countries of origin for global diaspora [No of
international migrants(in million)]
India Mexico Russia China(+Hong kong)
Bangladesh Pakistan Ukraine
9% 23%
9%

11%

18%
15% 16%

Top countries refuges are coming from:

Around the world 68.5 million people have been forcibly displaced. That’s the
most since World war 2.

1. Syria- 6.3 million refugees: the number of Syrians who have fled their
country increased by 14 percent in 2017, according the UNHCR .The war
has displaced an additional 6.6 million Syrians within Syria.
2. Afghanistan - 2.6 million refugees: About 2.6 million people from
Afghanistan are living as refugees, 2nd largest refugee population in the
world. As many as 1.5 million afghanis are displaced within the country
due to conflict.
3. South sudan-2.4 million refugees: south Sudan saw the largest increased
from 1.4 million to 2.4 million people. Nearly half of south Sudan refugees
have fled to Uganda .in 1.9 million people have been displaced within the
country.
4. Myanmar-1.2 million refuges: About 1.2 million people who identify as
members of Rohingya ethnic group have fled their homes in western Myanmar

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.World vision has served more than 178000 refugees in Bangladesh with food,
water , sanitation facilities, shelter and other items.
5. Somalia-986,400 refugess - The number of Somali refugees actually
declined slightly in 2017 to 986.400.most refugees have settled in Kenya.
Ethiopia or Yemen .some lived in refugee camps for years.

Statement of Limitations:

To prepare the term paper we faced some limitations. The main problem
we faced in preparing the term paper was the inadequacy and lack of
availability of required data. This report is an overall view of “Global
Diasporas: understanding the new age of migration”. But there is some
limitation for preparing term paper. These barriers, which hinder our work,
are as follows:

 Difficulty in accessing latest data.

 Unavailability of important publications, prospectus, article etc.
 Large-scale research was not possible due to time constraints.
 Non-availability of some preceding and latest data in a systematic way..

With all of this limitation we tried our best to make this term paper as best as
possible. So readers are requested to consider these limitations while reading and
justifying any part of our study.

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Conclusion:

Scholars have distinguished between different kinds of diaspora, based on

its causes such as imperialism, trade or labor migrations, or by the kind of
social coherence within the diaspora community and its ties to the ancestral
lands. Some diaspora communities maintain strong political ties with their
homeland. Other qualities that may be typical of many diasporas are
thoughts of return, relationships with other communities in the diaspora,
and lack of full integration into the host countries. Diasporas often maintain
ties to the country of their historical affiliation and influence the policies of
the country where they are located.

References:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspora
2. https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/sociology/staff/cohenr/research/
papers/diasporas.pdf
3. https://journals.openedition.org/transtexts/247?lang=en

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