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DataVisualization in R

This document discusses basic data visualization techniques in R, including scatter plots, line plots, and bar plots. It notes that while basic plots are useful, more sophisticated graphics are needed to show multiple plots together or to improve visual appeal. Advanced graphics require skills like using for loops, selecting appropriate data columns, and controlling plot positioning.

Uploaded by

Arun Mozhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
64 views

DataVisualization in R

This document discusses basic data visualization techniques in R, including scatter plots, line plots, and bar plots. It notes that while basic plots are useful, more sophisticated graphics are needed to show multiple plots together or to improve visual appeal. Advanced graphics require skills like using for loops, selecting appropriate data columns, and controlling plot positioning.

Uploaded by

Arun Mozhi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data science for Engineers

Data visualization in R
Basic graphics

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 1


Data science for Engineers

In this lecture
 Basic graphics
◦ Scatter
◦ Line
◦ Bar
 Need for sophisticated graphics

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 2


Data science for Engineers

Scatter plot
R – code:
X = 1:10
Y= X^2
plot (Y)

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 3


Data science for Engineers

Scatter plot
dataset ‘mtcars’:

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 4


Data science for Engineers

Scatter plot
R – code : Corresponds to different shapes
for points, for more such
plot( mtcars$wt, mtcars$mpg , options check ‘graphics
parameters’ in help
main="Scatterplot Example",
xlab="Car Weight ", ylab="Miles Per Gallon ", pch=19)

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 5


Data science for Engineers

Line plot
R – code :
X = 1:10
Y= X^2
plot(X,Y,type = ‘l’)

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 6


Data science for Engineers

Bar plot
Syntax:
barplot(H, names.arg, xlab, ylab, main, names.arg, col)

R – code :
H <- c(7,12,28,3,41)
M <- c("Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul")
barplot(H,names.arg = M, xlab = "Month", ylab = "Revenue",
col = "blue", main = "Revenue chart",border = "red")

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 7


Data science for Engineers

Bar plot

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 8


Data science for Engineers

Need for sophisticated graphics


Lets us say there is a need for you to show multiple plots in
a single figure such as the following:

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 9


Data science for Engineers

Challenges
The exact figure as per the previous slide can be reproduced

with the following code:

par(mfrow=c(2,4))
days <- c("Thur", "Fri", "Sat", "Sun")
sexes <- unique(tips$sex)
for (i in 1:length(sexes)) {
for (j in 1:length(days)) {
currdata <- tips[tips$day == days[j] & tips$sex == sexes[i],]
plot(currdata$total_bill, currdata$tip/currdata$total_bill,
main=paste(days[j], sexes[i], sep=", "), ylim=c(0,0.7), las=1)
}
}
Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 10
Data science for Engineers

Challenges
But the code requires work such as :
• Knowing when to introduce a for loop
• Which columns of the data.frame to select
• The positioning of each graph in the grid etc
• Less pleasing visuals

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 11


Data science for Engineers

Summary
1) Scatter plots

2) Line plots

3) Bar plots

4) Challenges and disadvantages of basic

graphics

Basic graphics NPTEL NOC18-CS28 12

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