Numerical Ability

EXERCISE-2(B)

1. If m=500!, n=501 × 502 × 503 then the 1996 1997

9. If A = ,B= and
LCM of m and n is ________. 1995 x1997 1996 x1998
(A) m (B) 501 m (C) 502 m (D) None 1
C= , then
1997
2. What will be the remainder, when (A) B<A<C (B) C<A<B
60

57 5859
is divided by 7? (C) B<C<A (D) C<B<A
(A) 6 (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) 5
10. If p and q and r are integers (0<P<q<r) and
1 1 1
3. p1 ,p2 ,p3 ,p4 ,....p10 are positive integers + + = 1, then the value of r is
p q r
which are not divisible by 5. The remainder
(A) 6 (B) 8
when p12  p 22  p32  p 42  ...  p10
2
is divided
(C) 10 (D) Cannot determine
by 5 is
(A) 0 or 2 (B) 1 or 3 11. Find the maximum value of x for which 2x
(C) 0 or 2 or 4 (D) 0,1,2,3 or 4 divides 21!
(A) 1 (B) 18 (C) 17 (D) 20
4. Find the number of digits in the expansion
of the number 811  524 12. A set of consecutive positive integers
(A) 26 (B) 27 (C) 28 (D) 29 beginning with 1 are written on a paper. One
number is erased. The average of the
5. Find the largest possible value of k for
7
which 311 is expressible as the sum of k remaining numbers is 35 . The erased
17
consecutive positive integers.
number is ____________.
(A) 486 (B) 382 (C) 472 (D) 496
(A) 10 (B) 7 (C) 12 (D) 8
6. The positive integer N has exactly 12
distinct positive divisors (including 1 and 13. The natural numbers from 1 to 4000 are
itself) but only 3 distinct prime factors. If written on a paper. The numbers in the odd
the sum of these prime factors is 20 then places are cancelled and the remaining sets
compute the smallest possible value of N. of numbers are written back. From these
(A) 260 (B) 288 (C) 308 (D) 292 numbers, again the numbers in the odd
places are cancelled and the remaining set of
7. Find the number of positive integers which numbers is written back. This process is
exactly divide 10999 but not 10998. continued until a single number, say x, is
(A) 2010 (B) 2000 (C) 1980 (D) 1999 left. Find the number x.
(A) 4000 (B) 2000 (C) 1999 (D) 2048
8. How many pairs of numbers of the form (x,
y) where x and y are natural numbers, 14. Let p, q, r, s, and t be consecutive positive
satisfy x4 – y4 = 2010? integers such that q+r+s is a perfect square
(A) 1 (B) 46 (C) 28 (D) None and p+q+r+s+t is a perfect cube.

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32
 Number Systems

Find the smallest possible value of r. 600. When the teacher declared the result
(A) 575 (B) 675 (C) 125 (D) 725 was wrong, the student found that he had
missed one number during the addition. Find
15. Which of the following numbers is the the number missed.
greatest? (A) 20 (B) 25 (C) 35 (D) 30
(A) 3333 (B) 3333 (C) 3333 (D) 3333
19. What is the least positive integer that should
16. Find the number of divisors of 20!. be subtracted from 2010 x 2011 so that the
(A) 19056 (B) 23050 (C) 41035 (D) 41040 difference is a perfect square?
(A) 2011 (B) 2008 (C) 2009 (D) 2010
17. What is the reminder when 790 divided by
342? 20. Find the remainder when
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 49 (D) 341 72009  112011  72013  112015 is divided by 12.
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 7 (D) 11
18. A student was asked to add first few natural
numbers so long his patience permitted. The
student stops adding and gave the sum as

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 Numerical Ability

ANSWER KEYS

1 D 2 B 3 D 4 B 5 A 6 A 7 D

8 D 9 D 10 A 11 B 12 B 13 D 14 B

15 C 16 D 17 B 18 D 19 D 20 A

EXPLANATIONS

1. Given, m = 500! prove that, the possible remainders are

i.e., m = 500 × 499 × 498 × .................. × 1 0,1,2,3 or 4
Also, n = 501 × 502 × 503
n = 3 × 167 × 2 × 251 × 503 4. The given number can be written as

 
11
But 3 × 167 × 2 × 251 is a factor of both m 811  524  23  524  224  524  29
and n.
Hence the required LCM is 503m.  1024  29  512  1024
Hence 512 will be followed by 24 zeroes
2. When 57 is divided by 7, Hence the total number of digitsare 27
it leaves remainder 1
60
Let, 311=(n+1)+(n+2)+…….+(n+k)
1
59 60 5859 5.
5758
   1, Where n is non-negative integer and k is as
7 7 large as possible.
Hencethe required remainder is 1
We have, (n+1)+(n+2)+….. +(n+k) = nk +
k  k+1 k(k  2n  1)
3. As p1,p2 ....p10 are not multiples of 5. Each 
2 2
one is in the form of 5k 1,5k  2, 5k 3, Hence, k(k+2n+1)=2.311
5k  4 . Since k is as large as possible and n is non-
If each one of p1,p 2 .....p10 are in the form of negative,
5k+1, then p12 p22 ...p10
2
is divisible by 5. we have, k=2.35=486 and n=121
Hence, 311=122+123+……….+607.
The remainder is 0
Similarly, if each one of p1,p 2 .......p10
6. Let a, b and c be the prime factors.
are in the form of 5k  2,5k  3 or 5k  4 , Given a + b + c=20.
then p12 p22 ...p10
2 is divisible by 5.
So, one of a, b and c must be even i.e., 2.
 The remainder is 0. Let a =2. Then (b, c)=(5, 13) or (7, 11)
If p1,p 2 ....p9 are in the form of 5k+1 and Let N=2p5q13r or 2p7q11r where p  q  r.
Given, (p+1)(q+1)(r+1)=12 and p, q, r > 0.
p10 is in the form of 5k  2 , then the  p=2, q=1, r=1.
required remainder in 3. Similarly, we can Then, N=22.51.131=260
(or) N=22.71.111=308.

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34
 Number Systems

 The least possible value of N is 260 B 1997 2

=
C 1996 x1998
7. Let d  n  be the number of +ve
1997 2 1997 2
= = >1
integers that divide „n‟: 1997-11997+1 19972 -1
The following statements are true.
B
1. If CD  m,n   1 then i.e., >1  B > C ...(i)
C
d  m n   d  m d  n  A 19962 x1998
Consider, =
2. If p is a prime number, then B 1995x1997 2
d  pn   n  1. 19962 1998
= × >1
 d 10999   d 10998 
2
1996 -1 1997
A
 d  2999  d  5999   d  2998  d  5998  i.e.,
B
> 1 A > B ...(ii)

 1000  1000  999  999 From (1) and (2),we have A > B > C
 1999.
1 1 1
4 4
10. Given, P < q < r  > >
8. Given, x -y =2010 where x and y are natural P q r
numbers. Given, the sum of the reciprocals of p, q and
 (x2-y2)(x2+y2)=2010 r is 1
Case (i): 1 1 1 1
x is even, y is even.  The average of , , is
P q r 3
x2-y2 is a multiple of 2
1 1 1
x2+y2 is a multiple of 2 Hence > Also <1
P 3 P
 (x2-y2)(x2+y2) is a multiple of 4.
Hence, by taking reciprocals, we have 1 < P
But, 2010 is not a multiple of 4.
< 3 P = 2
Case (ii):
x is odd, y is odd. 1 1 1 1
Hence, + =1- =
 y2 has 4 has a factor. q r 2 2
But, 4 is not a factor of 2010. Proceeding similarly, we can prove
∴ Not possible. 2 < q < 4  q = 3, Hence r = 6
Case (iii):
x is odd  x2 is odd 11. 21! = 21 × 20 × 19 × ----- ×1
y is even  y2 is even  21  21  21  21
x2-y2 is odd.  2    22    23    24 
x2+y2 is even.  10  5  2  1  18
(x2-y2)(x2+y2) is odd but 2010 is even. Here  indicates greatest integer
∴ Not possible.
function.
Hence, x = 10 + 5 + 2 + 1 = 18
9. Consider,

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35
 Numerical Ability

12. Let n be the last number on the board the 14. Give p,q,r,s and t are 5 consecutive positive
largest average possible is attained when 1 is integers.
2  3  .......  n Hence, q+r+s = 3r is a perfect square and
erased 
n 1 p+q+r+s+t = 5r is a perfect cube
n(n  1)  3 divides r and q  3 divides 5r  33
1
n2
 2  divides 5r [ 5r is a cube]
n 1 2 Also,  53 divide 5r  52 divides r
The smallest average possible is attained
 33 52 divides r , i.e., 675 divide r.
n(n  1) n
when n is erased is   . Hence, the smallest possible value of r
2(n  1) 2
is 675
n 7 n2 14
 35   n  70  n  2
2 17 2 17 15. 3333 = 39 x 37= (39)37= (19683)37
14
 68  n  70
14 Clearly 3333 is the greatest among the given
17 17 numbers.
7
Clearly n=69 or 70; Since, 35 is the
17 16. To find the number of divisors of 20!, we
average of (n-1) integers, have to find the highest power of every
7 prime number in 20!, i.e. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,
35 (n-1) must be an integer and hence 17 & 19
17
n=69. Powers of 2 in 20!
If x is the number erased, then  20   20   20   20   20 
  2 3 4 5
1
(69)(70)  x  2  2  2  2  2 
2 7  10  5  2  1  0  18
 35  x  7
68 17
 20   20   20 
Powers of 3 in 20!      2    3 
 3  3  3 
13. Consider the numbers 1, 2, 3, …….., 10. If
6208
the numbers in the odd places are cancelled,
 20   20 
then we are left with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Powers of 5 in 20!      2   4  0  4
If again the numbers in the odd places are  5  5 
cancelled then the remaining numbers  20   20 
are 4, 8. Powers of 7 in 20!      2   2  0  2
 7  7 
As a third step, if this process continues then
we are left with 8.  20   20 
Powers of 11 in 20!      2   1  0  1
We know that 8 =23.  11  11 
By considering the other set of numbers, we
 20   20 
can conclude that the required answer is the Powers of 13 in 20!      2   1  0  1
highest power of 2 less than the given higher  13  13 
value among the given set of numbers.  20   20 
The highest power of 2 less than 4000 is 211 Powers of 17 in 20!      2   1  0  2
 17  17 
i.e., 2048.
 20   20 
Powers of 19 in 20!      2   1  0  2
 19  19 

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36
 Number Systems

Hence 20!  218  38  54  7 2  111  131  171  191  x = 2010 × (2010 + 1) – (2010)2
Number of factors  19  9  5  3  2  2  2  2  x = 2010
 41040
 71   111 
7 
30
 342  1 20. Rem    7 Rem    11
90 3 30
7
17.    12   12 
342 342 342
 73   113 
Clearly in the expansion of  342  1 , all
30
Rem    7 Rem    11
 12   12 
the terms will have 342 except last term i.e.,
 75 
1, hence the required remainder is 1. Rem    7 Rem 112011   11
 12 
18. Let the number missed be x,  7 2009 
Rem  7 Ram 112015   11
n  n  1  12 
Then,  x= 600
2  7 2013 
 n2 + n-2x = 1200
Rem  7
 12 
 n  n  1  1200  n2 + n  1200
 7 2009  112011  7 2013  112015 
The smallest value of n is 35 Rem  
For n = 35  12 
2x = 1260 – 1200 = 60  x = 30  7  11  7  11 
 Re m  
 12 
19. Let the required number be x.
 36 
 2010 × 2011 – x = (2010)2  Re m   = 0
 12 
( (2010)2 < 2010 × 2011 < (2011)2
 x = 2010 × 2011 – (2010)2

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37