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Numerical Problem1

The document describes a problem involving the multicomponent distillation of a quaternary mixture to recover 99% of butane in the distillate and 99.5% of pentane in the bottom stream. Given component compositions in the feed, the problem calculates the composition of the distillate and bottom streams. It is found that the distillate stream is 38.895 kmol/hr with y1=0.1542, y2=0.84, y3=0.00578, and y4=0. The bottom stream is 61.105 kmol/hr with x1=0, x2=0.0054, x3=0.7327, and

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VRUSHABH
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302 views

Numerical Problem1

The document describes a problem involving the multicomponent distillation of a quaternary mixture to recover 99% of butane in the distillate and 99.5% of pentane in the bottom stream. Given component compositions in the feed, the problem calculates the composition of the distillate and bottom streams. It is found that the distillate stream is 38.895 kmol/hr with y1=0.1542, y2=0.84, y3=0.00578, and y4=0. The bottom stream is 61.105 kmol/hr with x1=0, x2=0.0054, x3=0.7327, and

Uploaded by

VRUSHABH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Numerical Problem -1

Problem Statement:

It is required to separate a saturated quaternary mixture containing propane, n-butane, n-


pentane and n-hexane at a feed rate (F) of 100 kmol/h. The system pressure is 1 atm. And
the reflux ratio is 3. The reflux is at its bubble point. It is desired to recover 99% of butane in
the distillate and 99.5% of the pentane in the bottom stream.
Calculate (i) composition of the distillate and bottom product.
Given, mol fraction of propane, butane, pentane and hexane in the feed are 0.06, 0.33, 0.45
and 0.16 respectively.

Component Zi
Propane 0.06
Butane 0.33
Pentane 0.45
Hexane 0.16

Solution:

Distillate D

Multicomponent
Distillation
Feed F= 100 Kmol/hr

Z1 = 0.06

Z2 = 0.33
Bottom Product
Z3 = 0.45
W
Z4 = 0.16
Here, it is desired to recover 99% Butane in Distillate D and 99 % recovery of Pentane in
Bottom Product W.
For Butane:
99 % of Feed Butane is in D, so now
‫؞‬ Butane in feed *0.99 = Butane in D
‫؞‬ 100*0.33*0.99 = D*y2
‫؞‬ D*y2 = 32.67 Kmol/hr …..(1)

Now, rest of the Butane is in Bottom Product W,


‫؞‬ Butane in feed*0.01 = Butane in W
‫؞‬ 100*0.33*0.01 = W*x2
‫؞‬ W*x2 =0.33 Kmol/hr …..(2)

For Pentane:
99.5 % of Feed Pentane is in W, so now
‫؞‬ Pentane in feed *0.995 = Pentane in W
‫؞‬ 100*0.45*0.995 = w*x3
‫؞‬ W*x3 = 44.775 Kmol/hr …..(3)

Now, rest of the Pentane is in D,


‫؞‬ Pentane in feed*0.01 = Pentane in D
‫؞‬ 100*0.45*0.005 = D*y3
‫؞‬ D*y3 =0.225 Kmol/hr …..(4)
Now, From the concept of light key and heavy key , we assume that
1. All the Propane present in feed goes to Distillate D , so Propane concentration in
Bottom product W is zero.

‫؞‬ Propane in feed = Propane in D


‫؞‬ 100*0.06 = D*y1
‫؞‬ D*y1 = 6 Kmol/hr …..(5)
and W*y1 = 0 Kmol/hr …..(6)
2. All the Hexane present in feed goes to Bottom Product W, so Hexane concentration
in Distillate is zero.

‫؞‬ Hexane in feed = Hexane in W


‫؞‬ 100*0.16 = W*x4
‫؞‬ W*x4 = 16 Kmol/hr …..(7)
and D*y4 = 0 Kmol/hr …..(8)

For Distillate Product D:


Now, by adding equations (1), (4), (5), (8), we get value of Total Distillate Product D,
‫؞‬ D = (D*y1 )+ (D*y2 )+ (D*y3 )+ (D*y4 )
‫؞‬ D= 6 + 32.67 + 0.225 + 0
‫؞‬ D= 38.895 Kmol/hr

For Bottom Product W:


Now, by adding equations (2), (3), (6), (7), we get value of Total Bottom Product W,
‫؞‬ W = (W*x1 )+ (W*x2 )+ (W*x3 )+ (W*x4 )
‫؞‬ W = 0 + 0.33 + 44.775 + 16
‫؞‬ W = 61.105 Kmol/hr

{Tip: W can be easily by , W= F – D = 100 – 38.895 = 61.105 Kmol/hr }


Now, for finding individual component concentration in both the products.
For Distillate Composition:
D= 38.895 Kmol/hr

From equation (5) → D*y1 = 6 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ 38.895*y1 = 6
‫؞‬ y1 = 0.1542

From equation (1) → D*y2 = 32.67 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ 38.895*y2 = 32.67
‫؞‬ y2 = 0.84

From equation (4) → D*y3 = 0.225 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ 38.895*y3 = 0.225
‫؞‬ y3 = 0.00578

From equation (8) → D*y4 = 0 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ y4 = 0

For Bottom Product Composition:


W=61.105 Kmol/hr

From equation (6) → W*x1 = 0 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ y1 = 0

From equation (2) → W*x2 = 0.33 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ 61.105*x2 = 0.33
‫؞‬ x2 = 0.0054
From equation (3) → W*x3 = 44.775 Kmol/hr
‫؞‬ 61.105*x3 = 44.775
‫؞‬ x3 = 0.7327

From equation (7) → W*x4 = 16 Kmol/hr


‫؞‬ 61.105*x4 = 16
‫؞‬ x4 = 0.2618

Component Zi yi xi
Propane 0.06 0.1542 0
Butane 0.33 0.84 0.0054
Pentane 0.45 0.00578 0.7327
Hexane 0.16 0 0.2618

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