Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) Manual: Rev Date Originator Section(s) Change Description
Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) Manual: Rev Date Originator Section(s) Change Description
Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) Manual: Rev Date Originator Section(s) Change Description
FOREWARD ................................................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 4
01 PURPOSE ...................................................................................................................................... 4
02 SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................... 4
03 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................. 4
04 DEFINITIONS/ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................ 4
1 PPAP REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................... 5
1.1 PPAP REQUIREMENTS FORM (PRF) .............................................................................................. 5
1.2 PART SUBMISSION WARRANT (PSW) ............................................................................................. 5
1.3 DRAWING(S) .................................................................................................................................. 6
1.4 KEY FEATURES CONTROL (KFC) FORM.......................................................................................... 6
1.5 PROCESS FLOW CHART ................................................................................................................. 6
1.6 PROCESS FAILURE MODES AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS (PFMEA) ....................................................... 6
1.7 PROCESS CONTROL PLAN.............................................................................................................. 6
1.8 MATERIAL TESTS/CERTIFICATES .................................................................................................... 7
1.9 PACKAGING METHOD DATASHEET (PMD)....................................................................................... 7
1.10 SAMPLES....................................................................................................................................... 7
1.11 DIMENSIONAL AND COSMETIC EVALUATION .................................................................................... 7
1.12 PROCESS CAPABILITY EVALUATION................................................................................................ 7
1.13 MEASUREMENT SYSTEM EVALUATION ............................................................................................ 8
1.14 PERFORMANCE TESTS ................................................................................................................... 8
1.15 CHECKING AIDS ............................................................................................................................. 8
2 PPAP EXECUTION AND SUBMISSION ................................................................. 8
3 PPAP SUBMISSION EVALUATION ....................................................................... 9
3.1 EVALUATION OF THE PPAP PAPERWORK ....................................................................................... 9
3.2 EVALUATION OF THE PPAP SAMPLES .......................................................................................... 10
4 PPAP DISPOSITION ............................................................................................. 10
4.1 PPAP APPROVED........................................................................................................................ 10
4.2 PPAP CONDITIONALLY APPROVED .............................................................................................. 10
4.3 PPAP REJECTED ........................................................................................................................ 11
5 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................ 12
5.1 APPENDIX A. PPAP PROCESS FLOW CHART, HYPERTHERM SUPPLIER ..................................... 12
5.2 APPENDIX B. PPAP PROCESS FLOW CHART, SUPPLIER ............................................................... 13
5.3 APPENDIX C. PPAP RELATED FORMS .......................................................................................... 14
Perhaps nothing, when done properly, helps a business prevent future quality problems, and all
the costs and disruptions that go with them, more than PPAP. Both the Supplier and the
Customer benefit.
The key to success with the PPAP process is to embrace the fact that it is a tool for you, the
Supplier(*), and not just a requirement imposed by the Customer. By adhering to the principles
of the PPAP process and doing all of the due diligence, the Supplier benefits from the
assurance that its process is ready and capable of meeting all of its Customers’ requirements
consistently throughout all future production runs, not just the first run.
Equally important, the Supplier can benefit from knowing when the process is not ready for
consistent quality production. When the Supplier believes it has sufficient evidence that the
process is ready, the PPAP run is initiated. The PPAP is the final validation that the production-
intent process is ready. If, however, any non-conformances are encountered after PPAP parts
have gone through the normal (intended) production and inspection process, it is negated. The
PPAP should be terminated, root cause determined, corrective action implemented and the
PFMEA and Control Plan updated. After validating the improvements, another PPAP run is
initiated.
The Supplier is free to do additional PPAP related activities above and beyond what is required
per the PPAP Requirements Form (PRF) that is issued by Hypertherm. The Supplier should not
seek to do the minimum amount of effort; it should seek to do the optimum amount of due
diligence for the purpose of preventing future problems.
(*) The general focus here is on PPAPs performed by external Suppliers to Hypertherm. However, the principles,
expectations and benefits of PPAP outlined in this manual would apply internally to Hypertherm as well.
01 Purpose
The purpose of production part approval is to determine if all Hypertherm engineering
design/specification requirements are properly understood by the Supplier and that the
Supplier’s process has the ability to produce product meeting these requirements
during an actual production run at the quoted rate. This applies to not only the first
production run but to all future production runs.
This procedure defines PPAP related terms and all aspects of the PPAP process,
including when a PPAP submission is required, what the general PPAP submittal
requirements are and what the possible outcomes and consequences of a PPAP
submission are. In addition to the description provided in the Manual’s sections, PPAP
process flow charts are included in Appendix A and B, and PPAP-related forms are
shown in Appendix C for reference purposes(*).
This document is not meant as a training primer on PPAP or any of the many activities
associated with it, such as Process FMEAs, capability studies, etc. There are
numerous training resources available that the Supplier can take advantage of as
needed.
02 Scope
The PPAP process defined in this manual applies to the production of items
(components, parts, materials, products, assemblies, sub-assemblies, etc) for which it
has been determined that a PPAP is warranted per Supplier Management Program
MC015, Section 6.3 – Purchased Part Qualification.
03 References
a. QA3524: PPAP Workbook (forms)
b. MC015: Supplier Management Program (SMP) – for Hypertherm use only
c. QA3531: Supplier-Part Risk Assessment
d. QA4106: Risk-Rigor Design Review
04 Definitions/Acronyms
a. PPAP: Production Part Approval Process. Originally developed by the American
Automotive Industry, the PPAP process defined in this Manual has been tailored to
Hypertherm’s specific needs, industry and business environment. PPAP is a
standardized approach that helps ensure the supplier understands all Hypertherm
requirements and that the process is capable, repeatable, and sustainable over the
long-term.
b. PPAP+: If the outcome of the Supplier-Part Risk Assessment is high risk, the
Hypertherm team shall determine the appropriate risk mitigating activity(ies), if any,
to complement PPAP. If the outcome is specifically high part risk, the ‘plus’ shall
entail risk-rigor design review (Ref.: 03d)
c. PFMEA: Process Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
d. Beta Build: pre-production (Beta) build using production-level processes
(*) The use of Hypertherm forms, where provided, is preferred. However, the Supplier may choose to use its own
forms. In that case, the information on Hypertherm’s forms, at a minimum, must be included in the Supplier’s forms.
1 PPAP REQUIREMENTS
The requirements for a specific PPAP will depend on the reason for the PPAP (the
trigger) and the item’s complexity and criticality, annual volume or usage, level of
customization and whether or not it falls within a family of similar parts. Below is a list
of all possible PPAP items that could be required, while supporting PPAP forms can be
found in Ref.: 03a. A PPAP Requirements Form (PRF) will be issued by Hypertherm
that will define the actual required items for a specific PPAP. Every PPAP must have a
Hypertherm issued PRF associated with it.
Many activities may be performed and several tools utilized in the process of
establishing an acceptable process. Among them are design for manufacturability
(DFM), risk-rigor design review (RRDR), sample runs, measurement correlation for key
features, capability studies, etc. These efforts will culminate in a successful PPAP, one
that validates the readiness and capability of the process. Although these 'pre-PPAP'
efforts may tend to be sequential in nature, there may be many circumstances where
that is not the case. But whatever has to be done and regardless of how and when
they are done, the PPAP run must come after all the pre-PPAP activities are
completed. It is possible that some of the pre-PPAP activities may not need to be
repeated for PPAP as long as proper PPAP protocol was followed for the pre-PPAP
run (refer to Section 2 - PPAP Execution and Submission) and no subsequent
changes were made to the part drawing or the process.
1.3 Drawing(s)
The drawing defines the engineering design requirements of the part being PPAP’d.
The drawing and the PPAP are Part Number and Revision Level specific; the PPAP
submission must correspond to a specific Drawing Revision, which must match the
Revision called out on the PRF. All appropriate dimensions, notes and other such
callouts on the drawing should be numerically indexed (ballooned) and correlate with
the results on the PPAP dimensional layout form.
1.10 Samples
The typical requirements for the number of parts to run and the number of samples to
draw for evaluation are described in Section 2 of this Manual. Exceptions can be made.
The PRF will define the number of parts to run, the number of samples to draw, the
number of samples to submit to Hypertherm and to whom they should be sent. When
samples are drawn from the PPAP run, they must be identified with the appropriate
sequential processing number (e.g., 1, 2, 3,… 40).
Parts produced for a PPAP must be manufactured at the production site and at the
production rate using the intended normal production tooling, process, equipment,
A PPAP run must begin only after the process is deemed by the Supplier to be stable.
Once process stability is reached, a PPAP run is executed from which samples are
drawn. The samples are to be drawn per instructions on the PRF after the completion
of the normal production and inspection/testing process. These samples will be utilized
for the dimensional and cosmetic evaluations, capability studies, measurement system
studies and testing as specified on the PRF. The minimum PPAP run quantity and
sample size will also be specified on the PRF.
If non-conformances are encountered in the drawn samples, the PPAP is negated. The
Supplier shall not submit the PPAP to Hypertherm. Root cause must be determined
and corrective action implemented. After confirming the improvements, another PPAP
run can be initiated. The Supplier must communicate the issue to Hypertherm and
advise the new target PPAP submission date.
If the Supplier wishes to propose a change to the Hypertherm design, a request needs
to be processed through the appropriate Hypertherm contact. If Hypertherm approves
the request, the Drawing will be revised and a new PRF will be issued. All appropriate
Supplier PPAP documents must reflect the new part revision level prior to submittal of
the PPAP.
All required PPAP paperwork should be aggregated, preferably in the order of the PRF,
and sent electronically in one file. There are two acceptable ways to do this: either in
one pdf file or using the PPAP Workbook (Excel) file provided by Hypertherm, with
each required item in its own tab. Each carton of samples being sent to Hypertherm
should have a copy of the PRF in it; no other paperwork should be in the cartons. The
samples and paperwork should be sent at the same time; if either of the two is not
ready, then the PPAP is not ready.
The evaluation of a PPAP submission consists of the evaluation of the paperwork and
the evaluation of the samples if, and as, required per the PRF.
4 PPAP DISPOSITION
Suppliers will be notified of the PPAP disposition. There are three possible outcomes:
PPAP Approved, PPAP Conditionally Approved and PPAP Rejected.
Need for
PPAP has
been • Refer to MC015, Section 6.3
identified
STEP 1
Issue PPAP
Workbook • Issue the PPAP Workbook (Ref.: 03a)
Hypertherm
STEP 2
Execute PPAP • Execute requirements of PRF per PPAP Manual
And Submit • Submit PPAP to Hypertherm electronically (in one PDF file)
Supplier
• The PPAP paperwork file contains all required
documentation as prescribed on the PRF
• The process documents are comprehensive, indicate
the correct part revision level, are themselves date/rev
Step 3A
controlled, and match each other in terms of the basic
Evaluate process steps
PPAP • The PFMEA shows reasonable risk numbers and
Paperwork preventive actions for the higher RPNs
• All data/results in the PPAP file demonstrate
STEP 3 conformance to requirements
Evaluate PPAP • The Material Cert is appropriate and clearly shows
conformance to requirements
Hypertherm
• Correct number of samples received
• Samples are appropriately identified/numbered
Step 3B
Evaluate
• Samples are in acceptable condition
PPAP • Measure select dims/samples as appropriate
Samples • Perform tests on select samples, if applicable
• Distribute samples to other Associates for evaluation as
appropriate
STEP 4
Disposition and Store • Approve, Conditionally Approve or Reject per PPAP Manual
PPAP • Update PPAP status and store files/records per MC015, Section 7
Hypertherm