Operators Manual L20

Original instructions
4/13
HYDRAULIC BREAKER
Operator's Manual
OML20BENG.413
L20
1. OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2. Safety and environmental instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.3. Safety section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4. Safety during operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
1.5. Transportation, storage and setting up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
1.6. Hammer installation and removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
1.7. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
2. LUBRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
2.1. Greasing the hammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2.2. Hydraulic oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
3. MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.1. Maintenance by the operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.2. Releasing pressure from the hammer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
3.3. Recharging the accumulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.4. Removal of tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.5. Removal and installation of lower tool bushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.6. Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
4. SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
4.1. Hammer specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
4.2. Tool specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.3. CE mark and EC Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
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L20 Operation
1. Operation
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Operation L20
1.1. INTRODUCTION
WARNING
GENERAL HAZARD
Faulty handling practice may cause death
or severe injury.
READ, UNDERSTAND and FOLLOW the
instructions of the operator's MANUAL and
safety LABELS!
Information for use is this manual, the safety labels on the machinery, the carrier manual and
other information for proper and safe use of this machinery.
Instructions are an essential and integral part of the product and they must always be available
for users.
This manual must be stored in the operator's compartment in the literature holder or seat back
literature storage area for easy user access at any time.
Keep all information for use clean and in good condition. If necessary, ask for a translation of
information for use.
The related safety label on the hammer and the text on the label are shown below.
"IGNORING INSTRUCTIONS HAZARD
Faulty handling practice could cause death or severe injury.
Read and follow the instructions in the operator's manual."
WARNING
IGNORING
INSTRUCTIONS HAZARD
Faulty handling practice could
cause death or severe injury.
Read and follow the
instructions in the operator’s
manual.
169400_ENG-3
R010354
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L20 Operation
1.1.1 The purpose of instructions

The purpose of these instructions is to promote intended safe, proper and economical use of this
hammer. These instructions should assist the user in identifying, avoiding and preventing
hazardous situations and related consequences.
These instructions must be followed along with any instructions given in local laws and
regulations, any orders given by local authorities and all protective measures specific for the site
(e.g. safe working procedures).
Read and understand the complete information for use carefully, and follow given instructions
strictly. If there is anything you don't understand, ask your employer or your Bretec
representative to explain. All sections of this manual contain information which is vital for your
safety.
The operator's manual must be replaced immediately if lost, damaged or unreadable. For
replacement copies, please take contact with your Bretec representative.
The instructions set forth in the information for use shall be used as a part of the training material
during orientation. By following these instructions, maintenance cost and downtime will be
minimized while reliability and life of the equipment will be optimized.
1.1.2 Identification
The model and serial number are shown on the serial number plate. Check that the model
corresponds to the one given on the cover of this manual.
It is important to make correct reference to the serial number of the hammer, when making
repairs or ordering spare parts. Identification of the serial number is the only proper means of
maintaining and identifying parts for a specific hammer.
1.1.3 Manufacturer
This hydraulic hammer has been manufactured by:
Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy, Breakers Lahti, Taivalkatu 8, FI - 15170 Lahti, Finland.
For maintenance and service of this hydraulic hammer contact your nearest Bretec
representative. Dealer and distributor information may be found at www.bretec.com.
1.1.4 CE mark and EC Declaration of Conformity

The CE mark is located on the serial number plate of the hammer. See “CE mark and EC
Declaration of Conformity” on page 92.
1.1.5 Validity of manual

This manual contains safety information, operation instructions, transportation information,
lubrication information and maintenance information in accordance with the hydraulic hammer
design at the time it was delivered from factory.
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Operation L20
This manual, and especially its safety information as well as the EC declaration of conformity
and statement of compliance, are valid only, if no unauthorized changes to the product are made.
Some illustrations in this publication show details that can be different from your hammer.
Guards and covers may have been removed for illustrative purposes.
Continuing improvement and advancement of product design may have caused changes to your
hammer, which are not included in this publication.
Whenever a question arises regarding your hammer, or this manual, please consult your dealer
for the latest available information.
1.1.6 Copyright notice

This publication is copyright of Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy, Breakers Lahti, Finland.
© Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy , Breakers Lahti, Finland 2013.
It must not be copied, reproduced, or otherwise made available in full or in part to any third party
without our prior written consent.
All Rights Reserved.
1.1.7 Definitions
Hammer - the product described in this manual.
Tool - the wear part which is in direct contact with the rock.
Carrier - the base machine, onto which the hammer is mounted, and which supplies the
operating power and controls, with which the hammer is operated.
This Manual - this one complete book, which contains vital information for transportation,
handling and storage as well as installation, operation and maintenance of the hammer.
Safety Label - label applied on the hammer advising on protective measures for the most severe
risks.
Information for Use - the information in this manual, the safety labels on hammer and other
information on e.g. the delivery package. This provides protective measures and advice on
proper methods for transportation, installation, operation and maintenance of the hammer.
Intended Use - use of this hammer in accordance with the instructions provided in information
for use.
Prohibited Use - any use of this hammer, which is not intended use. Especially the use which
is specifically prohibited in information for use.
Reasonably Foreseeable Misuse - use of the hammer in a way not intended, but which may
result from readily predictable human behaviour.
User - any person handling the hammer, whether it be transportation, installation, operation,
scheduled maintenance, scrapping or other.
Harm - physical injury or damage to health. This is always in relationship to people, not to
equipment or property.
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L20 Operation
Hazard - potential source of harm.

Risk - the combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm.
Protective Measure - the measure intended to achieve risk reduction. The protective measures
are implemented by the designer where possible, and by the user, where design measures are
not sufficient for safe operation.
Protective measures for the user are given in the information for use.
User Obligations - protective measures, which must be taken by the user based on the
Hazard Zone - any space around the hammer or the carrier, in which a person can be exposed
to a hazard.
Bystander - any person in hazard zone, who is not handling the hammer.
Real Time Hazard Analysis (RTHA) - review of site before starting to work, in order to
identify potential hazards that could impact users, bystanders or environment.
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Operation L20
1.2. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUCTIONS

Safety is the result of attitude. Proper attitude includes:
- Realize the hazards related to what you do, whether it be operation or maintenance. Don't
ever take hazards lightly.
- Follow all local laws and regulations. Leave special work to the specialist.
Special conditions, such as e.g. radioactive, asbestos, chemical, poisonous or biological
hazard environment require unconditional use of hazard specific methods and protective
measures.
- Read, understand and follow the instructions of this manual! Read, understand and follow
the instructions of carrier manual! If this language version is not proper, ask for a translation
of this manual.
- Communicate! Tell other people what you are about to do, so that they do not place you or
themselves at risk. Installation or other maintenance related work must never be done alone.
Always keep people informed of what you are doing when and where. Keep mobile phone
always at hand. Advise site manager, when you leave site.
Agree with your colleagues on site on the use of hand signals. Do not assume any
knowledge of signals.
- Wear approved PPE (approved safety boots, approved safety gloves, approved safety
glasses, approved ear protection, approved hard hat). If your PPE is not functioning
properly, get new PPE equipment. Only operate equipment when in fit condition. Beware
of sharp edges of parts.
- Common sense is the most important part of safety in standard hammer applications.
1.2.1 Safety labels

This section includes explanations of safety symbols and labels used on the hammer and in
1.2.1.1 Signal words

The following signal words and symbols are used to identify safety messages in these
instructions:
The signal word "DANGER" in white font on red background together with a safety alert
symbol indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
injury.
D010097
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L20 Operation
The signal word "WARNING" in black font on orange background together with a safety alert
symbol indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury.
D010098
The signal word "NOTICE" indicates a situation which, if not avoided, could result in damage
to property or environment. A "NOTICE" situation will not involve a specific hazard to people.
1.2.1.2 General safety symbol

This general safety symbol indentifies important safety messages in this manual. When you see
this symbol, be alert; your safety is involved. Carefully read and understand the message that
follows, and inform other users.
General hazard
symbol
1.2.1.3 Symbols for mandatory actions

Mandatory Actions are indicated by white symbols on a blue background. Mandatory action
symbols specify the action, which must be taken to eliminate a hazard pointed out in the hazard
symbol.
Read the Manual. It is Pin-Hole Leakage. Keep Safety Distance. Read Workshop
mandatory to read Testing for leak of Mandatory to keep Manual. Mandatory to
operator's manual. pressurized fluid must safety distance from read workshop
always involve a test equipment. instructions for safe
piece (cardboard or practice and proper
similar). product settings.
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Operation L20
1.2.1.4 Symbols for prohibited actions

Prohibited Actions are indicated by a red circle with a red diagonal line across the circle. The
action which is prohibited is always in black.
Prohibited action symbols advise on the action, which must be avoided. This is not a matter of
choice or judgement, but an undisputible instruction.
Pin Hole Hazard. Do not Hazard Zone.

use hand for testing Prohibited to be in
hydraulic leaks! hazard zone. Keep
Out!
1.2.1.5 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) symbols

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) symbols have the same layout as mandatory action
symbols and are mandatory where applicable.
PPE symbols specify the protective measure, which must be taken to eliminate a hazard pointed
out in the safety message.
This is not a matter of choice or judgement, but an undisputible instruction.
Wear Approved Wear Approved Ear

Respirator. Wearing an Protection. Approved
approved respirator is ear protection is
mandatory in equipment mandatory in
operation. equipment handling.
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L20 Operation
Wear Approved Hard Wear Approved Safety

Hat. Approved hard hat is Boots. Approved
mandatory in equipment safety boots are
handling. mandatory in
equipment handling.
Wear Approved Safety Wear Approved Eye

Gloves. Approved safety Protection. Approved
gloves are mandatory in safety glasses are
equipment handling. mandatory in
equipment handling.
1.2.1.6 Hazard symbols

Hazard symbols indicate the nature of a possible hazard. Hazard symbols are indicated by a
yellow triangle with black symbols and black frames.
General Hazard. This Airborne Pollution.

symbol is used where the Hazard related to
hazard is not easily inhalation of silica
specified. dust, as well as fumes
or other hazardous
substances.
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Operation L20
Hanging Loads. Hazard Flying Fragments.

related to lifting of Hazard related to
equipment or parts during flying fragments of
transportation, service or rock or other debris
other working phases. during operation,
maintenance, washing
or other.
High Pressure. Hazard Crushing. Hazard

related to pressurized related to crushing due
parts or product. to e.g. moving product.
Crushing of Hands.
Hazard related to
crushing of hand.
1.2.1.7 Labels on the product
WARNING
GENERAL HAZARD
Unawareness of hazards may cause death
or severe injury.
Replace all safety labels, which are lost,
damaged or otherwise not legible.
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L20 Operation
Safety labels communicate the following four things:

- The severity level of the risk (i.e. signal word "DANGER" or "WARNING").
- The nature of the hazard (i.e. the type of hazard: high pressure, dust, etc.).
- The consequence of interaction with the hazard.
- How to avoid the hazard.
You must ALWAYS follow the instructions of the safety messages and symbols of the product
safety labels and the instructions set forth in the manuals to avoid death or severe injury!
Keep the safety labels clean and visible at all times. Check the condition of safety labels daily.
Safety labels and instructions which have disappeared, been damaged, painted over, come loose
or do not meet the legibility requirements for safe viewing distance, must be replaced before
operating the product.
If a safety label is attached to a part that is replaced, install a new safety label on the replacement
part. If this manual is available in your language, then the safety labels should be available in
the same language.
There are several specific safety labels on this hammer. Please become familiarized with all
safety labels. The location of the safety labels is shown in the illustration below.
When you clean the safety labels, use a cloth, water and soap. Do not use solvent, gasoline or
other harsh chemicals to clean the safety labels.
Solvents, gasoline or harsh chemicals could loosen the adhesive that secures the safety labels.
Loose adhesive will allow the safety label to fall.
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Operation L20
DANGER WARNING
DUST HAZARD FLYING OBJECTS
Breathing dust will cause death HAZARD
or severe injury. Fragments fly up to 40 m
Always wear approved (130 ft) and could cause death
respirator. or severe injury.
Stop operation when a person
enters hazard zone.
Wear approved personal
protective equipment.
WARNING
NOISE HAZARD
WARNING Continuous exposure to noise
above 80 dB(A) could cause
hearing impairment.
IGNORING
Wear approved hearing
INSTRUCTIONS HAZARD protectors.
Faulty handling practice could
cause death or severe injury.
Read and follow the
instructions in the operator’s
manual.
DANGER
HIGH PRESSURE HAZARD
Improper handling of pressurized
accumulator will cause death or
severe injury.
Read workshop manual before
disassembly.
Release pressure before
disassembly.
Recharge with nitrogen (N2) only.
San
d v i k 168 9 0 7
Hydraulic Hammer
Model:
Version:
Serial Number:
Hammer weight: kg
Min. working weight: kg
Operating pressure: bar
Oil flow: l/min
Manufactured: San
d v i k 168 9 0 7
Manufacturer:
Sandvik Mining and
Construction Oy
Address:
Taivalkatu 8, 15170 Lahti, Finland
BA010019
1.2.2 User obligations
WARNING
GENERAL HAZARD
Improper installation, operation or

maintenance could cause death or severe
injury!
This product may be used or maintained
only by a person who has received proper
training and has demonstrated that he or
she has the competence and the skills
needed for safe and proper operation or
maintenance.
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L20 Operation
The safe use of a product depends on, among other things, a combination of design and
construction measures taken by the manufacturer, skills of operators and protective measures
taken by the user.
It is important to pass the information for use on to any subsequent user of this hammer.
Bretec prohibits, in connection with the access to the hammer, the consumption, possession and
distribution of:
- intoxicants and narcotics
- any kind of legal or illegal drugs
- items which are in conjunction with any of these
- firearms and unapproved explosives
Warning! Only operate equipment when in fit condition. Do not handle equipment in
intoxicated condition (alcohol, drugs), tired or otherwise unfit condition (fever or illness).
Safety information covers transport, installation, use, settings, operation, cleaning,
troubleshooting, maintenance and disposal of machinery. Safe working procedures are needed
for each phase.
In case you need more detailed instructions, do not hesitate to contact your Bretec
representative.
Protective measures, which must be taken by the user, based on the information for use:
- Use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
- Provision and use of additional safeguards.
Use vertical steel bars, separate plastic net or plastic window for operator cab protection.
- Regular training on site safety and safe working procedures.
Other particular issues which should be known to the user are:
- Site organization and supervision.
- Workplace safety, including safe working procedures.
- Permit-to-work systems.
All near-miss incidents and accidents must be reported to Bretec without delay, where a Bretec
hammer has been involved.
The following safety guidelines apply for each person working with the hammer or in the
vicinity of the hammer:
- Every single person is responsible for the own safety and for the safety of her or his
colleagues.
- In case of violation of any safety guidelines or regulations, every single person is
responsible to warn the others and the responsible supervisor.
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Operation L20
WARNING! Authorized spare parts are listed on a spare parts list. Use of non-authorized spare parts may
cause an uncontrolled risk to user health and is thus prohibited.
1.2.2.1 Managing work-related hazards

All mechanical equipment can be hazardous if handled without due care or correct maintenance.
Most accidents involving equipment handling are caused by failure to observe basic safety rules
or precautions.
Because it is impossible to anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential
hazard, the warnings in this manual and on the equipment are not all inclusive.
Safety is not just a matter of responding to the warnings. All the time you are working with your
attachment you must pay attention to the hazards there might be and how to avoid them.
The user must always perform a local risk assessment before starting a task. This assessment,
also known as a Real Time Hazard Analysis, ensures that the user stops and thinks about what
she or he is going to do before starting to work:
- Perform Real Time Hazard Analysis on site at least daily before starting up. Determine
escape route for emergency situation.
- Identify potential hazards that could impact you, your colleague, the environment, your
product and/or work method while you are performing the task.
- Assess the risks and implement the actions needed to eliminate or reduce the risk.
- Make sure that the equipment will not be made unsafe or damaged by the method of
operation or maintenance you choose.
Review site before using the hammer. Heavy load of equipment or vibration of hammer work
may cause structures (walls, roofing, bridges, floors) to collapse. Keep yourself and bystanders
out of hazard zone.
WARNING! This hammer may be operated or maintained only by a person who has received proper training
and has demonstrated that he or she has the skills needed for safe and proper operation or maintenance.
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L20 Operation
Only competent persons may carry out operation and other tasks. The employer must:
- Provide training and orientation.
- Validate training methods.
- Verify competence and skills.
- Monitor and evaluate user performance regularly.
WARNING! This hammer is for professional use only. Especially in equipment rental
applications the renting company must make sure, that the user has demonstrated the necessary
skills and knowledge for safe and proper operation and maintenance of both carrier and
hammer.
Workshop service
1.2.2.2 National safety regulations

It is the responsibility of the user to follow national safety regulations at all time. Special care
should be given to dust, noise and vibration related regulation.
Ignorance is no excuse for not following national law. Familiarize yourself with the national
safety legislation.
1.2.2.3 Site specific safety regulations

Site specific regulations must not contradict national safety regulations. Site specific regulations
should address issues like transportation of product or equipment, access to site, personal
protective equipment (PPE), working hours, etc.
Site specific regulations should also cover the case of an incident occuring: what to do, who to
contact and other questions.
Site specific regulations must be followed at all time in the same way as national safety
regulations.
1.2.2.4 Periodic safety inspections

It is important to thoroughly inspect the product before use. The product is inspected to make
sure it is safe to operate. Look for defects and damage before any operation so that problems
can be reported and fixed.
The operator is responsible to:
- Check the hammer in accordance with the requirements of the operator's manual before,
during and after use and operation.
- Safety features, such as labels, safeguards and others should be checked frequently and
repaired immediately, if damaged.
Respiratory silica dust is a hazard, which requires special attention. Regularly clean your
working environment properly to minimize the dust level in the air.
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Operation L20
1.2.2.5 Periodic maintenance

Periodic maintenance is an essential procedure to ensure and maintain safety and performance
of the hammer. Follow given instructions for maintenance and inspection of the hammer.
Regular inspections are especially important where hydraulic hoses are concerned.
NOTICE! Poor quality of hydraulic oil, lack of lubrication or too wide clearance between
tool and tool bushing may destroy internal parts of the hammer.
1.2.2.6 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
WARNING
GENERAL HAZARD
Lack of approved PPE may cause severe
injury or death.
Wear approved PPE (approved respirator,
approved hard hat, approved ear
protection, approved safety boots,
approved safety gloves, approved safety
glasses)
Operators and anyone in the vicinity of the hammer MUST wear approved personal protective
equipment (PPE).
Proper PPE includes (but is not restricted to):
- Approved ear protection
- Approved respirative protection
- Approved eye protection
- Approved safety boots
- Approved hard hat
- Approved protective gloves
- Approved high visibility vest
Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry that can snag on controls or on other parts of the
equipment. Confine long hair.
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L20 Operation
Special conditions may require the use of additional PPE as specified in safe working
procedures.
1.2.3 Intended use

Intended use of machinery
This hydraulic hammer is to be used as an attachment on a carrier in demolition, trenching,
quarrying or mining applications.
Designed environmental conditions
This hammer is designed to operate in standard environmental conditions with the following
restrictions:
- The ambient temperature for use of hammer is -20 °C ... +80 °C.
- WARNING! Use of hammer in explosive atmosphere (gasoline fumes, coal dust, etc.)
is strictly prohibited. The tool in contact with the material to be broken will create sparks,
which could ignite an explosive atmosphere.
- NOTICE! Use of hammer under water is strictly prohibited.
Properties of the materials to be processed
This hammer reduces the fragment size of concrete, rock, hard or frozen ground, asphalt,
metallurgical slag or similar material and has been designed exclusively for this application.
WARNING! Special conditions with e.g. radioactive, asbestos, chemical, poison or
biological hazards require unconditional use of hazard specific methods and protective
measures.
Under such special conditions, methods and precautions must be reviewed in co-operation with
the local and national authorities. Operation may only commence when approval has been
granted.
Prohibited use of machinery
Any use of this hammer not permitted as intended use, outside the designed environmental
conditions or on unsuitable materials to be processed, is prohibited.
Use of this hammer is specifically prohibited if:
- Operator has not read and understood this manual.
- Operator has not read and understood operator's manual for the carrier.
- A safety feature of the equipment is defeated for whatever reason.
- Operator has not performed Real Time Hazard Analysis (RTHA) of the site and is not aware
of escape route for emergency situation.
- Operator is without proper and approved personal protective equipment.
- People are in hazard zone of hammer.
- Hammer is outside the technical limits as described in the technical specification. This
applies especially to carrier weight, hydraulic oil pressure and oil flow.
WARNING! Hammer or lifting eye on hammer must not be used to lift external loads.
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Operation L20
WARNING! Hammer must not be used in intoxicated condition (alcohol, drugs), when
tired or when otherwise in unfit condition (fever or illness).
Foreseeable misuse
Foreseeable misuse may be due to carelessness or to pressure to keep product running at any
time.
Reasonably foreseeable misuse is extremely likely to cause considerable damage to people or
property. Examples of such behavior are:
- Operating equipment outside limits of use: Do not use equipment on carrier with
insufficient lifting capacity! Do not operate equipment under water! Do not operate
equipment outside other limits of use.
- Always perform site and equipment inspection before operation (RTHA).
- Non-professional operation: Do not operate equipment without proper training. Do not
operate, if you are not in fit condition.
- Operating broken equipment: NOTICE! Stop immediately, when you observe failure on
structures or hydraulic leak!
Foreseeable misuse is not an acceptable excuse to cause considerable damage to
equipment, environment or people.
Liability
Bretec will not accept any liability for injury to personnel or damage to equipment caused by
unauthorized use, negligence of user obligations or unauthoized modification of this hammer.
1.2.4 Modifications and corrections to the product

All modifications and corrections not authorized in the maintenance manuals or which may
affect the maintenance, operation, safety, and availability of the product need to be approved in
writing by the manufacturer before implementation. Approval requires a careful risk
assessment, taking into consideration the known risks and any new risks that the modifications
may cause.
Changes and modifications without proper risk assessment, elimination or reduction of risk and
without appropriate safety measures may lead to death, serious personal injuries or damage to
property.
Unauthorized modifications may add additional weight to the equipment. This may affect
stability during lifting and stability of host machine. Unauthorized modifications may disable
safety features and must not be applied.
If modifications and corrections that affect the maintenance, operation, safety, and usability of
the product are made without the written permission of the manufacturer, the manufacturer is
not responsible for any incidents resulting in death, injury, or property damage brought about
by such modifications and corrections.
Should you consider a modification or correction necessary, please ask your local dealer to
contact the manufacturing and design team of the equipment.
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L20 Operation
If a modification or correction as described above has been implemented without the

manufacturing factory's permission, its effect on warranty liability will be considered case-by-
case. Thus, a warranty application may be rejected altogether.
1.2.5 Hazard zone
DANGER
DANGER ZONE: CRUSHING
HAZARD
Getting caught by machinery
movement may cause severe
injury or death.
Keep yourself and bystanders
out of hazard zone for host
machine.
During installation check it may
be required to be temporarily in
the hazard zone. Use approved
PPE. Take extreme care against
flying objects.
Keep yourself and bystanders out of hazard zone. Stop operation immediately, when bystanders
enter hazard zone.
There are several different hazard zone levels for this equipment. The risks for bystanders in
hazard zone I are related to crushing by hammer, carrier, boom or other heavy equipment. This
hazard zone is within 5 meter (15 ft) of the machinery.
21
Operation L20
D010085
Nobody is allowed in hazard zone I during hammer operation. WARNING! It is user

obligation to stop hammer operation immediately, when bystanders come into hazard
zone I.
The risks to bystanders in hazard zone II are related to noise, dust, flying fragments of rock,
pressurized oil from hydraulic hose failure or others. This hazard zone is 40 m (130 ft) from
hammer for each single one of these hazards.
It is user obligation to stop hammer operation immediately, when people come into hazard zone
II.
Where required, make sure, that site access is restricted by barriers or fences. This will
frequently be necessary in road construction or demolition applications.
D010086
22
L20 Operation
Hazard zone III is related to the stability of the carrier. It is user obligation, to ensure, that the
stability of carrier is proper in all working directions, especially when the boom is sideways to
the undercarriage.
23
Operation L20
1.3. SAFETY SECTION

This safety section explains the work related risks and gives instructions for proper protective
measures against hazards, which may occur on any site.
Read and understand the protective measures listed in this safety section before using the
hammer.
1.3.1 Lifting
WARNING
LIFTING HAZARD
Faulty lifting practice may cause severe
injury or death.
Keep yourself and bystanders out of
hazard zone during lifting. Never place
load over people. Never ride a load.
Check hammer weight from serial label on hammer. Check weight of mounting bracket and tool
as well. Check weight of quick hitch mounting bracket especially with pin mount hammer.
Make sure, that carrier, lifting and transport equipment has proper capacity to carry the weight
of equipment.
Faulty lifting procedures or faulty lifting equipment may cause injury or death. Use proper and
approved lifting accessories for lifting of parts heavier than 20 kg. Do not attempt to lift or move
heavy parts manually.
Apply lifting accessories properly and securely. Make sure, that lifting eye is properly fastened
into fixture. Where required, remove dirt from threaded lifting eye holes and lifting eye thread.
Do not use self-made, repaired or damaged lifting accessories.
Make sure, that the lifting eye is proper and approved for complete hammer weight, especially
where mounting bracket is applied. Lifting eyes are not to be side loaded during a lifting
operation. Use shim plates under lifting eye or rotating lifting eyes to avoid unfavorable load
direction on lifting eye.
Do not use lifting eye on impact unit for lifting of complete hammer.
Do not use the hammer or the hammer's tool for lifting of objects. In most cases the safe lifting
capacity of the excavator is extensively utilized with the weight of hammer, bracket and tool.
Safety instructions for lifting
24
L20 Operation
Below are some common safety instructions concerning lifting operations. In addition to this,
the national standards for machines and lifting-tackles must always be strictly observed. Please
note that the list below is not all inclusive. You must always ensure, that the procedure you
choose is safe for yourself and bystanders.
- Do not lift load over people. No one shall be under the hoisted load.
- Do not lift people and never ride the hoisted load.
- Avoid side pull of the load. Make sure you take up the slack slowly. Start and stop carefully.
- Lift load a few centimeters and verify it before proceeding. Make sure the load is well
balanced. Check for any loose items.
- Never leave the suspended load unattended. Maintain load control at all times.
- Never lift the load over the rated capacity.
- Inspect all lifting equipment before use. Do not use twisted or damaged lifting equipment.
Protect lifting equipment from sharp corners.
- Obey all local safety instructions.
1.3.2 Packing, transportation and storage

Stay clear from hot surfaces. Wear approved PPE.
Use proper and approved lifting accessories for lifting of parts heavier than 20 kg. Do not
attempt to lift or move heavy parts manually. Do not attempt to turn or move heavy parts
manually. A sudden change of balance may result in unexpected movement of equipment.
Check hammer weight from serial label on hammer. Check weight of mounting bracket and tool
as well. Check weight of quick hitch mounting bracket especially with pin mount hammer.
of equipment.
During transport, secure other parts, such as hoses, tools, tool box, etc. properly, so that these
cannot move uncontrolled.
Secure equipment properly during transportation and storage. Follow proper transportation
practice. Short term storage in horizontal position only.
Store equipment horizontally on level ground, which is able to support the load. Store and
transport equipment on pallet with proper load capacity. Do not stack equipment or pallets with
equipment on top of each other.
25
Operation L20
1.3.3 Pressurized gas in accumulator
DANGER
Faulty handling of pressurized
severe injury.
READ WORKSHOP MANUAL
before disassembly!
Recharge with NITROGEN (N2)
only!
Before e.g. air freight, as well as before any workshop service of hammer, the accumulator must
be depressurized.
Use only nitrogen (N2) for recharging accumulators. The use of other gas may cause
accumulators to explode. Failure to comply could result in serious injury or death.
The accumulator charging device does not have any pressure relief valve. Shut gas bottle valve
when the gauge shows correct charging pressure.
Do not disassemble hammer before releasing gas pressure from accumulators and oil pressure
from hammer. Failure to comply could result in serious injury or death.
The safety label on or near the accumulator is shown below.
"HIGH PRESSURE HAZARD
Improper handling of pressurized accumulator will cause death or severe injury.
Read workshop manual before disassembly.
Release pressure before disassembly.
Recharge with nitrogen (N2) only."
DANGER
Improper handling of pressurized
severe injury.
Read workshop manual before
disassembly.
Release pressure before
disassembly.
Recharge with nitrogen (N2) only.
169410_ENG-5
R010352
26
L20 Operation
1.3.4 Crushing prevention and cutting prevention
WARNING
CRUSHING HAZARD
Moving or falling equipment, objects or
parts may cause severe injury or death!
Keep yourself and bystanders out of
hazard zone.
Never mount or dismount the hammer to or from the carrier with the hammer in vertical position
and supported by tool in ground only. The 'breaking' action of the tool will make even relatively
hard ground extremely unstable.
Make sure that the host machine is able to properly support the load of the equipment in all
directions and in all working situations. Stability is an issue especially in long reach
applications.
Support the hammer properly when you perform work beneath the hammer. Do not depend on
the hydraulic cylinders in order to support the hammer. A hammer can fall if a control lever is
moved or if a hydraulic line breaks. Also, a hammer can fall if a hydraulic cylinder drifts.
Whenever there are hammer control linkages, the clearance in the linkage area will change with
movement of the hammer.
Stay clear of all rotating parts and all moving parts. Unless you are instructed otherwise, never
attempt adjustments while the machine is moving or while the engine is running.
During storage and transportation make sure, that the load is secured in a proper way. Use
proper pallets and make sure the ground is able to support the load.
1.3.5 Removal from package and installation

Clean ice, snow, water, oil or grease spill from floor to prevent slipping, tripping or falling. Use
approved safety boots. Dispose properly (recycle) of spill oil and grease. Make sure, that
lighting conditions are good enough to allow for safe working.
Use proper and approved lifting accessories for lifting of parts heavier than 20 kg. Do not
attempt to lift or move heavy parts manually. Do not attempt to turn or move heavy parts
manually. A sudden change of balance may result in unexpected movement of equipment.
27
Operation L20
Visually check, that all parts and bolts of the hammer are in place. Check hammer weight from
serial label on hammer. Check weight of mounting bracket and tool as well.
Sudden movement of parts, which were stuck, but become loose may cause crushing of body
parts. Beware of sharp edges of parts. Beware of noise from pneumatic or other tools. Wear
approved PPE.
of equipment.
Secure equipment properly during transportation. Follow proper transportation practice. Secure
equipment properly during installation. Always keep hammer in horizontal position, while
mounting to carrier!
Agree with your colleagues on site on the use of hand signals. Do not assume any knowledge
of signals.
Place host machine on stable, level ground before starting any installation, service or
maintenance on equipment. Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always hazard zone. Use
proper working platform for safe access. Where working platforms are used, make sure to place
this on level and stable ground.
During installation check it may be required to be temporarily in the hazard zone of the
hammer. Use approved PPE. Take extreme care against flying objects.
Flying fragments are extreme hazard, while driving in tool retaining or other pins. Use
approved eye protection. Use proper tools. Use approved PPE.
Check tool retaining pins on a regular basis. Check tightness of bracket bolts on a regular basis.
Place boom in proper position to allow for ergonomic way of connecting hoses. Check hose
ends for proper connection on a regular basis. Use only suitable bolts with proper capacity for
mounting of hammer.
Always check hammer function and installation outdoors. Stop engine, when use is not
required. Make sure, that proper ventilation of exhaust gases is available, when engine is
running.
Check mounting pin locking mechanism from host machine to pin mount hammer or bracket on
a regular basis.
1.3.6 Before use and new users

Secure equipment properly during transportation. Follow proper transportation practice. Make
sure, that carrier, lifting and transport equipment has proper capacity to carry the weight of
equipment.
Place host machine on stable, level ground before starting any installation, service or
maintenance on equipment. Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always hazard zone. Use
proper working platform for safe access. Where working platforms are used, make sure to place
this on level and stable ground.
Keep yourself and bystanders out of hazard zone for carrier.
28
L20 Operation
Heavy vibration! Do not touch vibrating hammer or pulsating hoses. Shock hazard makes it
extremely difficult to take off hands. Use plastic spiral over hoses to protect against pinhole
leak. Use cardboard to check on pinhole leak. Wear proper PPE.
Visually check, that all parts and bolts of the hammer are in place. Check tool retaining pins on
a regular basis. Check tightness of bracket bolts on a regular basis.
Place boom in proper position to allow for ergonomic way of connecting hoses. Check hose
ends for proper connection on a regular basis. Use only suitable bolts with proper capacity for
mounting of hammer.
Always check hammer function and installation outdoors. Stop engine, when use is not
required. Make sure, that proper ventilation of exhaust gases is available, when engine is
running.
a regular basis.
Clear all obstacles that are in the path of the machine. Beware of hazards such as wires, ditches,
etc.
Check the stability of the level where you are working. Dropping down a level with excavator
will cause severe injury or death.
Know the width of your equipment in order to maintain proper clearance when you operate the
equipment near fences or near boundary obstacles.
Be aware of high voltage power lines and power cables that are buried. If the machine comes in
contact with these hazards, serious injury or death may occur from electrocution.
Be aware of water and sewage pipelines that are buried.
1.3.7 Operation
Make sure, that lighting conditions are good enough to allow for safe working. Move carefully
on site to avoid tripping, slipping or falling. Use approved safety boots.
Secure equipment properly during transportation. Follow proper transportation practice. Store
and transport equipment on pallet with proper load capacity. Make sure, that carrier, lifting and
transport equipment has proper capacity to carry the weight of equipment. Hammer or lifting
eye on hammer must not be used to lift external loads.
Place carrier on stable, level ground before starting any installation, service or maintenance on
equipment. Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always hazard zone. Use proper working
platform for safe access. Where working platform is used, make sure to place this on level and
stable ground.
Perform Real Time Hazard Analysis on site at least daily before starting up. Determine escape
route for emergency situation. Agree with your colleagues on site on the use of hand signals. Do
not assume any knowledge of signals.
Always keep people informed of what you are doing when and where. Keep mobile phone
always at hand. Advise site manager, when you leave site.
29
Operation L20
Keep yourself and bystanders out of hazard zone for host machine.
With tractor backhoe loader, do not ever drive while boom and hammer are outside wheel width
sideways. Driving with hammer in this 'transport' position may cause severe damage to
pedestrians or passing cars.
Use of hammer in explosive atmosphere (gasoline fumes, coal dust, etc.) is strictly prohibited.
leak. Use cardboard to check on pinhole leak. Stay clear from hot surfaces. Wear proper PPE.
Extended exposure to whole body vibration may damage your health. Install suitable seating in
cab. It is strongly recommended to use hammer only on carriers equipped with ROPS/FOPS.
Do not attempt to recharge accumulator. Accumulator is leak proof. Professional service only.
Charge accumulator with Nitrogen only!
Visually check, that all parts and bolts of the hammer are in place. Check tool retaining pins on
a regular basis. Check tightness of bracket bolts on a regular basis.
Stop engine, when use is not required. Make sure, that proper ventilation of exhaust gases is
available, when engine is running.
a regular basis.
Respiratory Silica Dust will cause severe injury or death. Always wear approved
respirator.
Use vertical steel bars, separate plastic net or plastic window for operator cab protection. Use
air conditioned cab in high temperature applications (metallurgical or similar) as well as at high
ambient temperature. In high reach or similar bad ergonomy applications, rest tense muscles at
regular intervals.
This hammer is for professional use only. Special conditions, such as e.g. radioactive, asbestos,
chemical, poisonous or biological hazard environment require unconditional use of hazard
specific methods and protective measures.
1.3.8 Trapped pressure in hydraulic system

Unreleased trapped pressure can cause sudden machine movement or attachment movement.
Use caution if you disconnect hydraulic lines or fittings. High pressure oil that is released can
cause a hose to whip. High pressure oil that is released can cause oil to spray. Oil may be hot
after prolonged operation.
If you use a lubrication system, make sure to relieve all pressure before any lines, fittings or
related items are disconnected.
Before disconnecting or connecting hydraulic hoses, stop carrier engine and operate controls to
release pressure trapped in the hoses.
30
L20 Operation
Pressure can be trapped in the hydraulic circuit long after the engine has been stopped. The
pressure can cause hydraulic fluid or items such as pipe plugs to escape rapidly if the pressure
is not relieved correctly.
Wait at least 10 minutes to ensure that pressure has been relieved from the system before
disconnecting any hoses, pipes or other components. Failure to comply could result in serious
injury or death.
1.3.9 Hot substances

Hot oil and hot components can cause personal injury. Do not allow hot oil to contact the skin.
Also, do not allow hot components to contact the skin.
Relieve all pressure in the air system, in the hydraulic system, or in the lubrication system before
any lines, fittings or related items are disconnected.
Metal parts, such as valves or body parts may have the same temperature as the hydraulic oil.
The working end of the tool may get extremely hot during operation. Make sure the tool has had
time to cool down before starting to handle it.
1.3.10 Containing fluid spillage

Care must be taken in order to ensure that fluids are contained during performance of inspection,
maintenance, testing, adjusting and repair of the equipment. Prepare to collect the fluid with
suitable containers before opening any compartment or disassembling any component
containing fluids.
Use tools and equipment, which are suitable for containing and collecting fluids.
Improperly disposing of waste can threaten the environment. Always use leakproof containers
when you drain fluids. Do not pour waste onto the ground, down a drain, or into any source of
water.
Obey all local regulations for the disposal of liquids.
1.3.11 Cleaning and service

Replace all safety labels, which are damaged, lost or otherwise not legible.
Clean ice, snow, water, oil or grease spill from floor to prevent slipping, tripping or falling. Use
approved safety boots. Dispose properly (recycle) of spill oil and grease.
Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always hazard zone. Use proper working platform for
safe access.
leak. Use cardboard to check on pinhole leak. Stay clear from hot surfaces. Wear proper PPE.
Wait for hydraulic oil inside hammer to cool down, before disassembly or service. Oil inside
hammer may be extremely hot. Do not handle hydraulic hoses (connect/disconnect) while oil is
hot. Use approved PPE.
31
Operation L20
Plug pressure and return line before washing the hammer, to prevent water and dirt from
entering into the hammer.
Pressurized air and/or water can cause debris and/or hot water to be blown out. This could result
in personal injury.
When pressurized air and/or pressure water is used for cleaning, wear protective clothing,
protective shoes, and eye protection. Eye protection includes safety glasses or a protective face
shield.
The maximum air pressure for cleaning purposes must be below 205 kPa (30 psi). The
maximum water pressure for cleaning purposes must be below 275 kPa (40 psi).
1.3.12 Field repair

Place carrier on stable, level ground before starting any installation, service or maintenance on
equipment. Release internal pressure from hammer and accumulator before service,
disassembly or scrapping. Charge accumulator with Nitrogen only! Use approved PPE.
Do not attempt to turn or move heavy parts manually. A sudden change of balance may result
in unexpected movement of equipment.
While changing tool, make sure not to leave fingers, hands or other between tool and ground or
equipment. Stay clear from hot surfaces. Wear approved PPE.
Secure equipment properly during field service. Always keep hammer in horizontal position!
Beware of unexpected boom movement. Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always
hazard zone. Use proper working platform for safe access.
Attach a "Do Not Operate" warning tag or a similar warning tag to the start switch or to the
controls before you service the equipment or before you repair the equipment.
Unless you are instructed otherwise, never attempt adjustments while the machine is moving or
while the engine is running. Stay clear of all rotating parts and all moving parts.
Before welding on the hammer while it is mounted on the carrier, disconnect the carrier
alternator and battery. Note that welding on hammer tools will render them useless.
Use all cleaning solutions with care. Never put maintenance fluids into glass containers. Drain
all liquids into a suitable container.
1.3.13 Dismounting
Make sure, that carrier, lifting and transport equipment have proper capacity to carry the weight
of equipment.
32
L20 Operation
Keep yourself and bystanders out of hazard zone during lifting. Never place load over people.
Never ride a load. Do not use self-made, repaired or damaged lifting accessories. Apply lifting
accessories properly and securely. Secure equipment properly during transportation. Follow
proper transportation practice.
While changing tool, make sure not to leave fingers, hands or other between tool and ground or
equipment.
Oil inside hammer may be extremely hot. Do not handle hydraulic hoses (connect/disconnect)
while oil is hot. Stay clear from hot surfaces. Use approved PPE.
Secure equipment properly during field service. Always keep hammer in horizontal position!
Beware of unexpected boom movement. Do not climb on equipment. Equipment is always
hazard zone. Use proper working platform for safe access.
1.3.14 Workshop service

Workshop service must be performed at a trained and Bretec approved workshop. Non-
professional service will be a severe risk for the staff performing the service. Non-professional
service may be a risk for the operator as well, while most certainly causing damage to
equipment, which may become extremely expensive.
1.3.15 Scrapping
While removing tool, make sure not to leave fingers, hands or other between tool and ground or
equipment.
Release internal pressure from hammer and accumulator before service, disassembly or
scrapping. Drain hydraulic hammer of fluids before scrapping. Use approved PPE.
Plastic (wear plates, foam rubber, etc.) and rubber (seals, vibration dampening elements, plugs)
parts should be deposited at dump. Do not burn.
Obey all local regulations for the disposal of liquids.
Improperly disposal of waste can threaten the environment. Always use leakproof containers
when you drain fluids. Do not pour waste onto the ground, down a drain, or into any source of
water.
All metal parts of the hammer may be recycled as standard scrap recycling.
All plastic parts (seals, buffers, plugs) of the hammer should be deposited on a standard waste
deposit. Plastic parts must not be burned.
1.3.16 Flammable liquids

All fuels, most lubricants, and some coolant mixtures are flammable.
Flammable fluids that, are leaking or spilled onto hot surfaces or onto electrical components can
cause a fire. Fire may cause personal injury and property damage.
Remove all flammable materials such as fuel, oil, and debris from the hammer. Do not allow
any flammable materials to accumulate on the hammer.
33
Operation L20
Store fuels and lubricants in properly marked containers away from unauthorized persons. Store
oily rags and any flammable materials in protective containers. Do not smoke in areas that are
used for storing flammable materials.
Do not operate the hammer near any flame.
Do not weld on lines or on tanks that contain flammable fluids. Do not flame cut lines or tanks
that contain flammable fluid. Clean any such lines or tanks thoroughly with a nonflammable
solvent prior to welding or flame cutting.
34
L20 Operation
1.4. SAFETY DURING OPERATION
1.4.1 Proper operating practice

Only operate the hammer while you are in the seat of the host machine. The seat belt must be
fastened while you operate the host machine. Only operate the controls while the engine is
running. Protective glasses must be worn while you operate the host machine and while you
operate the hammer.
While you operate the hammer slowly in an open area, check for proper operation of all controls
and all protective devices. Before you move the host machine with the hammer, ensure that no
one will be endangered.
Carry the hammer low to the ground. Do not go close to the edge of a cliff, an excavation, or an
overhang.
Maintain control of the host machine while you operate the hammer. Operating the equipment
beyond its design limits can cause damage to people or equipment.
Know the maximum operating dimensions of your excavator when the hammer is installed.
Ensure that there is adequate clearance between the tool and any stationary objects when you
are maneuvering the machine.
Know the appropriate work site hand signals and the personnel that are authorized to give the
hand signals. Confirm your understanding of the signs with the other person before starting.
Accept hand signals from one person only.
Do not allow unauthorized personnel on the equipment.
During operation, the tip of the tool may get extremely hot. Do not operate the hammer near
flammable liquids.
1.4.2 Airborne pollution
DANGER
DUST HAZARD
Breathing dust will cause death
or severe injury!
Always wear approved
respirator!
Protect yourself and bystanders from airborne pollution. Breathing or inhaling dust particles
will cause death or severe injury.
35
Operation L20
Always work with a respirator approved by the respirator manufacturer for the job you are
doing. It is essential that the respirator that you use protects you from the tiny dust particles
which cause silicosis and which may cause other serious lung diseases.
You should not use the equipment until you are sure your respirator is working properly. This
means the respirator must be checked to make sure that it is clean, that its filter has been
changed, and to otherwise make sure the respirator will protect you in the way it is meant to.
Make sure the dust suppression system in your equipment is working properly. If the dust
suppression system is not working properly, stop working immediately.
Always make sure dust has been cleaned off your boots and clothes when you leave your shift.
The smallest particles of dust are the most harmful. They may be so fine that you can not see
them.
Remember, you must protect yourself from the danger of breathing or inhaling dust. Failure to
comply will result in serious injury or death.
The related safety label on the hammer and the text on the label are shown below.
"DUST HAZARD
Breathing dust will cause death or severe injury.
Always wear approved respirator."
DANGER
DUST HAZARD
Breathing dust will cause death
or severe injury.
Always wear approved
respirator.
169400_ENG-1
R010356
1.4.3 Flying fragments in operation

Protect bystanders against flying chips of rock. Do not operate hammer or carrier if people
without proper PPE are near the equipment.
The safe distance for unprotected people is approx. 40 m (130 ft). The hammer must be stopped
immediately, when the operator observes people without proper PPE to come any closer than
this.
Where there is need to work at closer distance to unprotected people or structures, safety
barriers with the ability to stop flying fragments must be erected.
Safety barriers must also be erected, where unprotected bystanders may be crossing through the
hazard zone (= reasonably foreseeable misuse).
36
L20 Operation
Protect yourself against flying chips of rock. Flying objects or debris can cause serious injury
or death. To prevent injury to your eyes or to your ears, wear eye protection or hearing
protection when you operate the machine.
The European standard EN 474-1 on safety of earth-moving machinery requires that adequate
operator's protection, such as bullet proof glass, mesh guard or an equivalent protection is used
on excavators equipped with a hammer.
Always make sure the machine is equipped with a flying object guard.
When measuring hammer operating pressure, you are working in the hammer's danger area.
Stay clear of moving equipment. Use proper PPE. Failure to comply could result in serious
injury or death.
The safety label on the hammer is shown below:
"FLYING OBJECTS HAZARD
Fragments fly up to 40 m (130 ft) and could cause death or severe injury.
Stop operation when a person enters hazard zone.
Wear approved personal protective equipment."
WARNING
FLYING OBJECTS
HAZARD
Fragments fly up to 40 m
(130 ft) and could cause death
or severe injury.
Stop operation when a person
enters hazard zone.
Wear approved personal
protective equipment.
169400_ENG-2
R010355
1.4.4 Noise
A hammer in operation creates a high noise level. Always wear ear protection to prevent
personal injury.
The safety label on the hammer is shown below:
"NOISE HAZARD
Continuous exposure to noise above 80 dB(A) will cause hearing impairment.
Wear approved hearing protectors."
37
Operation L20
WARNING
NOISE HAZARD
Continuous exposure to noise
above 80 dB(A) could cause
hearing impairment.
Wear approved hearing
protectors.
169400_ENG-4
R010353
1.4.5 High pressure pinhole leakage

Fine jets of hydraulic fluid at high pressure can penetrate the skin, causing serious allergic
reaction and gangrene.
WARNING
HIGH PRESSURE PINHOLE LEAK HAZARD
A high pressure jet of hydraulic fluid may
penetrate your skin and cause severe
injury or death!
Do not touch fine jets of hydraulic fluid at
high pressure. Do not use your fingers to
check for hydraulic fluid leaks. Do not put
your face close to suspected leaks.
Always hold a piece of cardboard close to suspected leaks and then inspect the cardboard for
signs of hydraulic fluid leak. If fluid is injected into your skin, you must get treatment
immediately. Seek treatment from a doctor, who is familiar with this type of injury.
During hammer operation, keep people away from the hydraulic hoses.
Hydraulic fluid at system pressure may cause injury. Before disconnecting or connecting
hydraulic hoses, stop the carrier engine and operate the controls to release pressure trapped in
the hoses.
Make sure to let the hydraulic fluid cool down to ambient temperature, before disconnecting the
hoses.
38
L20 Operation
Always use leakproof containers when you drain fluids. Do not pour waste onto the ground,
down a drain, or into any source of water.
Improper disposal of waste can threaten the environment. Potentially harmful fluids should be
disposed of according to local regulations.
1.4.6 Asbestos, radioactive or poisonous applications

Protect yourself and bystanders from asbestos, radioactive or poisonous airborne pollution.
D010100
Stop immediately working on the site, when you suspect, that asbestos, radioactive or poisonous
material is on the site unexpectedly. Advise site supervisor and authorities on your findings.
If you are aware of asbestos, radioactive or poisonous material on site, follow all local laws and
regulations for this application. Use gas masks and other proper personal protective equipment.
Use proper personal protective equipment, including pressurized suits, etc. It is essential that
you protect yourself and people in your surrounding from the tiny dust particles which cause
asbestosis and other serious lung diseases. You should not use the hammer until you are sure
the respirators are working properly. This means the respirator must be checked to make sure
that it is clean, that its filter has been changed, and to otherwise make sure the respirator will
protect in the way it is meant to.
Bretec equipment and replacement parts that are shipped from Bretec are asbestos free. Bretec
recommends the use of only genuine Bretec replacement parts. Use the following guidelines
when you handle any replacement parts that contain asbestos or when you handle asbestos
debris.
Equipment components which may contain asbestos fibers are brake pads, brake bands, lining
material, clutch plates, and some gaskets. The asbestos that is used in these components is
usually bound in a resin or sealed in some way. Normal handling is not hazardous
39
Operation L20
If dust that may contain asbestos is present, there are several basic guidelines that must be
followed:
- Never use compressed air for cleaning.
- Avoid brushing materials that contain asbestos.
- Avoid grinding materials that contain asbestos.
- Use a wet method in order to clean up asbestos materials.
- Use exhaust ventilation on permanent machining jobs.
- Wear an approved respirator if there is no other way to control the dust.
- Comply with applicable rules and regulations for the work place. In the United States, use
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requirements.
- Obey environmental regulations for the disposal of asbestos.
- Stay away from areas that might have asbestos particles in the air.
- Dispose of waste properly.
Failure to comply will result in serious injury or death.
40
L20 Operation
1.5. TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND SETTING UP
1.5.1 Transport position

The transportation and parking positions are shown in the illustration. When moving with the
hammer, ensure that it is not too close and does not point at the cabin window.
D010084
Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for the carrier for additional information on
transporting the host machine.
1.5.2 Storage
Observe the following points when the hammer is stored. In this way the vital parts of the
attachment are protected from rust and the machine is ready to be installed whenever necessary.
- The storage area must be dry.
- The tool must be removed from hydraulic hammer.
- The lower end of the piston, tool and tool bushings must be well protected with grease
everywhere within the hydraulic hammer.
- Connections must be sealed with clean plugs to prevent oil leakage and dirt from getting
into couplings.
- The product must be stored in the vertical position.
- Make sure the product can not fall.
41
Operation L20
1.5.3 Setting up
Verify that the hammer is compatible with the carrier. Consult your Bretec dealer for more
information.
Verify, that all parts, which you have specified are delivered.
Verify that the mounting bracket (standard or quick hitch) is the correct mounting bracket for
the carrier and the hammer.
If the carrier is equipped with a quick hitch mounting bracket, consult the operating manual for
the quick hitch bracket before you attempt to mount the hammer.
- A heavy structure of the bracket may increase the weight of the attachment more than the
lifting capacity of the host machine allows.
- A light structure of the bracket may not be able to support the hammer properly.
- Faulty bracket geometry may lead to contact and expensive damage the boom cylinders.
Mount or dismount the hammer to or from the boom only while the hammer is in horizontal
position. If the hammer is in a standing position, it may fall over due to insufficient support from
ground or due to sudden movement of the boom.
Tighten the bracket bolts to the proper torque value.
When measuring hammer operating pressure, you are in the hammer's danger area. Stay clear
of moving equipment. Use proper PPE. Failure to comply could result in serious injury or death.
42
L20 Operation
1.6. HAMMER INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL
1.6.1 Preparing for installation

Before you install the hammer, you must have verification of the setup of the hydraulic system
for the carrier, or you must perform the following steps:
- You must verify the setting of the relief valve for the auxiliary system. If the pressure is not
correct, you must adjust the relief valve to the proper pressure setting.
- You must verify the back pressure of the return flow of the hydraulic system. Refer to the
"Specifications" section for the proper specifications for your machine. For more
information, consult your Bretec dealer.
Remove lifting eye from hammer housing and put bolt in place, before starting operation. If
lifting eye is left in place, heavy vibration will create cracks in housing.
D010051
1.6.2 Installing the hammer

1. Move excavator to hammer taking care not to hit any bystanders.
2. Lower boom carefully towards hammer.
Do not place yourself or other people under the hammer or boom at any instance. Sudden,
unexpected movements of boom may crush your limbs (hands, feet, etc.).
3. Mount hammer on boom. Take care not to be hit by pins or links.
4. Tighten the bracket bolts to the proper torque value.
5. Remove protective caps. Connect the hoses. Make sure to collect all oil in proper container
and to dispose of it properly.
43
Operation L20
IN OUT
BA010012
6. Open the pressure line and tank line valves on boom.

7. Check that oil flow, operating pressure and return line pressure are within specification.
1.6.3 Removing the hammer

1. Move excavator and hammer to solid, clean ground.
2. Lower boom and hammer to ground, placing the hammer on solid and level wooden blocks.
Do not place yourself or other people under the hammer or boom at any instance. Sudden,
unexpected movements of boom may crush your limbs (hands, feet, etc.).
3. Stop engine. Turn off the main switch. Move the controls, to release trapped pressure.
4. Close the pressure line and tank line valves on boom, to prevent oil from leaking to the
ground.
5. Disconnect the hoses. Make sure to collect all oil in proper container and to dispose of it
properly.
Plug hoses and pipeline ends immediately, in order to prevent dust entering the system.
6. Remove mounting bracket or mounting pins. Take care not to be hit by released pins or
links.
7. When hammer is stored for more than a week, clean it and cover it with protective plastic.
D010045
44
L20 Operation
1.7. OPERATION
1.7.1 Underwater use
D010081
The hammer must not be used under water.

If seals get damaged in underwater use, oil may escape into the environment, such as rivers,
lakes or groundwater reservoirs. Only minor amounts of hydraulic oil are required to completely
damage drinking water for a very long time!
The hammer may be damaged by strong pressure waves, if the space between piston and tool is
filled with water.
If seals get damaged in underwater use, water will enter the hydraulic circuit of the excavator.
This will result in expensive damage to equipment.
1.7.2 Idle strokes

Constant idle strokes have a deteriorating effect on the hammer and side plates. These will then
wear out quicker.
Vibration caused by constant idle strokes will damage the excavator structures and cause
additional fatigue to the operator.
1.7.3 Penetrative breaking

In penetrative breaking, a moil tool or a chisel tool is forced inside the material. Penetrative
breaking is more effective in the following materials: soft material, layered material, plastic
material, and low abrasive material. Hammers with a higher rate of impact (BPM) are ideal for
penetrative breaking.
1.7.4 Operating techniques

Only use the hydraulic hammer to break rocks, concrete, and other hard objects. Before you start
hydraulic hammer operation, place the carrier on a level, stable surface. If the carrier must be
placed on a slope or on a rough surface, be careful during operation.
Never operate the hydraulic hammer when you cannot see the hydraulic hammer. Always
position the carrier so you can always see the hydraulic hammer and the area of work.
45
Operation L20
NOTICE: Do not use the dropping force of the hydraulic hammer to break rocks or other hard
objects. This will cause high vibration level to operator and cause structural damage to the
hammer and carrier. This is considered faulty operation technique and not covered by warranty.
NOTICE: Do not use the sides or back of the hydraulic hammer to move rocks or other hard
objects. Doing this could cause damage not only to the hammer but to stick or boom cylinder.
NOTICE: Do not operate the hammer with any of the cylinders fully retracted or extended.
Doing this could cause structural damage to the host machine, resulting in reduced machine life.
1. Before you start hydraulic hammer operation, close the front window.
2. Only use the hydraulic hammer to break rocks, concrete, and other hard objects. Before you
start hydraulic hammer operation, place the carrier on a level, stable surface. If the carrier
must be placed on a slope or on a rough surface, be careful during operation.
3. Set the carrier's drive to neutral.
4. Set the engine speed to the recommended engine RPM.
Note: Stop hydraulic hammer operation immediately if any of the hydraulic hoses are
excessively flexing. This indicates that the accumulator is punctured. Consult your Bretec
dealer for the necessary repairs.
5. Place the tool against the object at a 90° working angle. Avoid small irregularities on the
object. Irregularities will break easily. Irregularities will cause idle strokes (blank firing).
Irregularities will cause incorrect working angles.
D010075
6. Keep the hammer tool perpendicular to the surface at all times. Keep the feed force and the
hammer tool aligned. If the object moves or the object's surface breaks, correct the working
angle immediately.
7. Stop operation the moment the subject material is broken. Do not allow the hammer to fall
into the object and make idle strokes (blank firing) when the object breaks.
NOTICE: Frequent idle strokes (blank firing) have a deteriorating effect on the hammer.
Do not operate the hammer without proper down pressure against the object.
NOTICE: Also excessive prying of the tool may prevent contact between piston and tool
and cause blank firing. A sign of this is when hammer recoil sound becomes extremely
rapid during operation.
NOTICE: Blank firing will destroy major components of the hammer, starting from tool
and tool retaining pin. This is considered faulty operation technique and not covered by
warranty.
46
L20 Operation
D010096
8. Use the carrier's boom to press the hammer firmly against the object. Do not pry the hammer
with the boom. Correct force is applied when the carrier starts to feel light.
Too little feed will cause vibration to boom, carrier and operator.
Too much feed force will cause the front of the tracks to rise in the air. When the material
breaks suddenly, the excavator will fall down causing excessive vibrations to operator and
excavator.
D010076
9. Start the hammer.

10. When the hammer tool penetrates the object, do not allow the hammer tool to move outward
from the hammer. Keep boom down pressure on the hammer.
11. Do not operate the hammer while you move the hammer from one area to another area.
12. Do not operate the hammer in one spot for more than 15 seconds at a time. If the object does
not break, stop operation and change the position of the tool.
When you operate the hammer too long in one location, stone dust is formed under the tool.
Stone dust will dampen the effect of impact on the object. Stone dust will also produce heat.
Stone dust can cause the point of the tool to become deformed.
47
Operation L20
D010077
Note: Listen to the hammer's sound while you are using the hammer. If the sound is thinner
and the hammer's impact is less efficient, the tool is misaligned with the object. Also, there
is not enough down force on the tool. Realign the tool and press the hammer firmly against
the object.
13. Do not strike and do not pry with the tool at the same time. The tool may snap off. The tool
may be bent by stones inside hard ground or frozen ground. Be careful and stop striking if
you find sudden resistance under the tool.
D010082
Do not use the tool to move around boulders. The lower part of the housing is designed for
boulder moving.
Do not use a tool as a lever, when it has penetrated into concrete, rock or hard ground.
The force applied will bend and or break the tool.
This is considered faulty operation technique and not covered by warranty.
14. Do not operate the hammer with the carrier's boom cylinder, stick cylinder, or bucket
cylinders fully retracted or fully extended. Structural damage to the carrier will result.
48
L20 Operation
D010079
15. When you operate the hammer, make sure that the hammer does not make contact with the
carrier's boom or hydraulic lines.
D010078
16. Preheat the tool before you start to operate the hammer in temperatures that are below -20
°C (-4 °F). Use a torch in order to heat the tool until the tool is at least 0 °C (32 °F). Do not
heat the tool to a temperature that is greater than 100 °C (200 °F).
17. Do not use the hammer as a floor sweeper. The carrier may be damaged.
18. The hammer and the tool are not designed to be a lifting tool. The recommended carrier
weight classification is limited by the carrier's ability to carry a load at booms end without
falling over.
Do not use the hammer or the hammer tool for lifting. Failure to comply could cause severe
injury or death.
49
Operation L20
D010080
19. The tool shank must be well greased during operation.
D010083
1.7.5 Noise
The operation of a hammer near areas that are sensitive to noise can cause noise pollution.
Please follow these basic rules in order to avoid unnecessary noise:
- Keep the tool at 90° to the material.
- Keep the force of the feed in line with the tool.
- Replace the parts or fix the parts that are worn out, damaged, or loosened.
This will extend the life of the hammer. The noise level of the hammer will be reduced.
1.7.6 Operating temperature range

The recommended operating temperature range is -20 °C to +80 °C (-4 °F to +176 °F).
If the temperature is lower than -20 °C (-4 °F), the hammer and the tool must be preheated
before you start to operate the hammer. This will allow you to avoid breaking the membrane,
and the tool. These components will remain warm during operation of the hammer.
50
L20 Operation
When the hydraulic oil temperature exceeds 80 °C (176 °F), you may add an auxiliary oil cooler.
When you operate the hammer at temperatures above 80 °C (176 °F), the life of the seals will
be reduced.
When you operate the hammer in ambient temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F), you can use an oil
with higher viscosity. The use of oil with higher viscosity can improve the life of the hammer
when you operate the hammer in high ambient temperatures.
Refer to the Owner's Manual of the host machine for more information.
1.7.7 Proper feed force

Push the hammer firmly down. Too little feed will cause vibration to boom, host machine and
operator.
Too much feed force will cause the front of the tracks to rise in the air. When the material breaks
suddenly, the host machine will fall down causing excessive vibrations to operator and host
machine.
1.7.8 Alignment of the tool

Apply feed force along the axis of the tool, and not in an angle to the material. Operating with
tilted tool will cause heavy seizure and premature failure of tool and piston.
Move the hammer carefully towards the rock. Dropping the hammer will cause high vibration
level to operator and cause damage to hammer and host machine.
1.7.9 Operation precaution

Do not operate the hammer continuously in one place. The tip of the tool will heat, get soft and
wear extremely fast. This is considered faulty operation technique and not covered by warranty.
Always begin breaking the material at an edge, trying to remove reasonably sized pieces. This
is the most efficient way to operate the hammer.
Do not operate the hammer at more than fifty percent (50%) engine speed. Raising the engine
speed more than necessary does not increase hammer force.
With high engine speed, hydraulic oil temperature will raise and internal components will be
damaged.
Especially during winter time, warm up the hydraulic oil of the excavator to 30 °C ... 40 °C (80
°F ... 105 °F) before hammer operation.
1.7.10 Stopping operation

Before leaving the carrier, always lower the boom, so that the carrier is stable. Never leave the
machine with the engine running.
Always engage the parking breaks, before leaving the controls.
51
Operation L20
Stop operation immediately, if hoses of hammer vibrate excessively.

Stop operation immediately, if hydraulic oil is visible along the tool shaft (seal failure).
Hose vibration and seal failure call for immediate disassembly and repair of hammer. Please
take contact with your nearest Bretec workshop.
1.7.11 Underwater operation
D010047
This hammer must not ever be used under water.

Water between tool and piston will destroy the hammer.
Oil will leak into the surrounding and destroy the water.
Water will leak into the hydraulic circuit of the hammer and destroy the excavator.
1.7.12 Bending the tool

Do not use the tool to move around boulders. The lower part of the housing is designed for
boulder moving.
52
L20 Operation
D010048
Do not use a tool as a lever, when it has penetrated into concrete, rock or hard ground.
The force applied will bend and or break the tool.
1.7.13 Never use hammer or tool for lifting

The hammer and the tool are not designed to be a lifting tool. The recommended excavator
weight classification is limited by the excavator's ability to carry a load at booms end without
falling over.
Never use the hammer or the tool for lifting of loads.
Failure to comply could cause severe injury or death.
53
Operation L20
D010050
1.7.14 Excavator cylinders in end position

Do not operate the carrier with cylinders in either end position. Operating the hammer with the
excavator's cylinders either fully extended or fully extracted will cause damage to the cylinders.
D010049
54
L20 Operation
1.7.15 Adjusting stroke
1.7.15.1 Specifications
BA010005
Item Specification
Stroke adjusting valve nut (A) 400 Nm (295 lbf ft)
Adjustment range Adjusting screw close... 2 rounds open
To choose long stroke Turn adjusting screw close
To choose short stroke Turn adjusting screw open (Turn adjusting screw
open)
1.7.15.2 Adjusting stroke
DANGER
The hydraulic pressure inside
the hammer must always be
released before removing any of
the plugs or valves.
1. Stop the carrier engine.

2. Operate boom and hammer controls to release any pressure trapped inside hoses.
55
Operation L20
3. Wait 10 minutes for oil pressure to drop inside hammer.

4. Close hammer inlet and outlet lines. If quick couplers are used, disconnection automatically
closes hammer lines. If hammer line includes ball valves, please make sure that they are
closed.
5. Set hammer vertically on floor.
6. Remove cover..
BA010006
7. While loosening adjusting screw nut hold adjusting screw in place prevent it to turn.
BA010007
8. To choose long stroke turn adjusting screw close (clockwise). To choose short stroke turn
adjusting screw 2 rounds open (counter clockwise). Be sure that you do NOT turn over 2
rounds open.
BA010008
56
L20 Operation
9. While tightening adjusting screw nut for specified setting hold adjusting screw in place
prevent adjusting screw to turn.
BA010007
10. Install cover.
BA010006
57
Operation L20
58
L20 Lubrication
2. Lubrication
59
Lubrication L20
2.1. GREASING THE HAMMER

While the hammer is mounted on the carrier, apply down pressure on the tool.
Failure to apply down pressure may allow the grease to enter between tool and piston.
Subsequent impact of piston on the grease will generate extremely high pressure and destroy
internal parts of hammer.
Pump grease into grease fittings, as indicated on hammer, to apply a proper amount of grease
inside tool bushings.
1. With the hammer mounted on the carrier, apply down pressure to the tool in vertical
position.
2. Fill the cavity with proper grease. An NLGI NO. 2 grease must be used for proper
lubrication properties.
3. Grease at least every three hours of use. In dry applications, such as demolition of concrete,
apply grease more frequently. The tool shaft inside the bushing must never be dry.
4. When installing a new tool, liberally coat the upper 1/3 of the tool with grease before
inserting.
5. Failure to comply will cause seizure and excessive wear of tool and tool bushing. Excessive
wear of tool bush misaligns tool and piston and will cause severe damage to interior parts
of the hammer.
60
L20 Lubrication
2.1.1 Recommended greases

■ RAMMER TOOL GREASE, part no. 902045
■ FUCHS Meisselpaste
■ KENDALL Tough TAC
■ KLÜBER Crafloscon C-SG 0 Ultra
■ LE 3751/3752 Almagard varipurpose lubricant
■ SHELL Kuggfett
■ SHELL Albida HLS 2
■ WYNNS GS80
Wear gloves when handling the grease containers. If you get grease onto your skin, wash
it away with water.
R020112
61
Lubrication L20
2.2. HYDRAULIC OIL

It is essential, that the viscosity of the oil at operating temperature is within specifications. The
oil viscosity is a guarantee for proper lubrication properties between piston and cylinder. Poor
viscosity will cause piston and cylinder to seize and in due time a total failure of hammer
internal parts.
Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual of the host machine.
Bear in mind that:
- Hydraulic oil degrades quickly in hammer applications and should be replaced more
frequently than in digging applications.
- The operating temperature of the hydraulic oil will vary considerable in summer and in
winter.
- Excavator and hammer plastic parts, such as seals, have a limit to the temperature in which
they perform properly.
Do not use the oil outside temperature range given in specifications.
If temperature has a tendency to raise to a higher level, reduce heat buildup. Firstly this may
be achieved with installing larger diameter pressure and return lines on excavator.
If this is not sufficient, install additional cooler.
Warranty will not apply, where seals are miscoloured due to overheating.
- Contaminated oil is as dangerous as low viscosity oil. Contaminated oil will also damage
the hydraulic pump of the excavator.
Consult your excavator manufacturer on proper filter change intervals and oil change
intervals. Follow the instructions and procedures given.
For special hydraulic fluids, as a rule of thumb any fluid suitable for an excavator will be
suitable for your Bretec hammer. You are still advised to consult with your Bretec dealer for a
change of hydraulic fluid.
The hammers are test run at factory in standard hydraulic oil and will have small quantities of
oil inside.
Consult your excavator manufacturer for proper quality requirements (contamination,
oxidation, moisture) of the hydraulic fluids, whether it be special fluids or hydraulic oil.
62
L20 Maintenance
3. Maintenance
63
Maintenance L20
3.1. MAINTENANCE BY THE OPERATOR

This Bretec hammer is built to last, and will provide years of troublefree operation, provided it
is properly used and maintained.
3.1.1 Daily inspection
WARNING
HIGH PRESSURE PINHOLE LEAK HAZARD
A high pressure jet of hydraulic fluid may penetrate your skin and cause severe injury or death!
Do not touch fine jets of hydraulic fluid at high pressure. Do not use your fingers to check for
hydraulic fluid leaks. Do not put your face close to suspected leaks.
NOTICE: Accumulated grease and oil on a work tool is a fire hazard.

NOTICE: Remove debris with steam cleaning or high pressure water at any time a significant
quantity of oil is spilled on the hammer.
64
L20 Maintenance
Before starting the hammer, be sure to inspect the hammer referring to the below list:
- Loose, damaged or missing bolts, nuts and fastners must be tightened to proper torque or
replaced.
Inspect bracket mounting bolts, tie rods and accumulator bolts.
- Loose hose and pipe fittings must be tightened.
Inspect for visible damage to hoses and leakages on hoses and pipes. Check also the
hydraulic flanges for proper torque.
Inspect the pipes for the hammer and the oil hoses. If lubrication device is used, check this
as well.
- Hammer oil leaks.
Inspect the connections of the back head and the cylinder. Inspect clearance between front
head and the tool.
If leakage occurs at hydraulic hose connections, tighten fittings or replace.
Other leakages require workshop service. Do not operate the hammer, as this will cause
expensive damage to internal parts (piston, cylinder).
- Inspect the tool and bushing for abnormal wear and cracks.
Replace tool when it is worn out.
Inspect the lower tool bushing for wear, and replace if required.
- Grease the tool each day at startup and 10 pumps every 3 hours using the head grease pump.
- Inspect the hydraulic oil level, and the degree of contamination.
Too little oil may cause a oil heating problem. Contaminated oil will destroy the pump of
the excavator. Follow instructions of the excavator manufacturer.
- Inspect the hammer body and housing for missing rubber plugs. Replace, where missing.
- Check the overall condition of the hammer and the hydraulic system.
Perform all repairs before the hammer is put into service.
Check safety signs and labels. Replace the safety signs and the labels when the safety signs
and the labels are damaged. Replace the safety signs and the labels when you cannot read
the safety signs and the labels. Replace the safety signs and labels when the safety signs and
labels are missing.
65
Maintenance L20
3.2. RELEASING PRESSURE FROM THE HAMMER
Warning! The hydraulic pressure

inside the hammer must always be
released before making any
adjustments or repairs when the
hammer is connected to the carrier.
There may also be pressurized oil
trapped inside the hammer even if
the hammer is disconnected from the
carrier. Release the hydraulic
pressure according to the following
instructions before opening any
plugs or valve covers.
1. Stop the carrier engine.

2. Operate boom and hammer controls to release any pressure trapped inside hoses.
3. Wait 10 minutes for oil pressure to drop inside hammer.
4. Close hammer inlet and outlet lines. If quick couplers are used, disconnection automatically
closes hammer lines. If hammer line includes ball valves, please make sure that they are
closed.
Warning! This procedure does not

release the pressure from the
pressure accumulators! Read the
instructions dealing with the
accumulator before disassembling
the hammer.
66
L20 Maintenance
3.3. RECHARGING THE ACCUMULATORS
3.3.1 Accumulator precharge pressure

The hammer has two accumulators, a high pressure accumulator (B) and a low pressure
accumulator (A).
The high pressure accumulator (B) is positioned on the side of the hammer and the low pressure
accumulator (A) is inside the back head.
The high pressure accumulator (B) is a leak-proof membrane accumulator and must not be
recharged by operator.
The adapter of your standard accumulator recharging device will not fit to the high pressure
accumulator (B). The high pressure accumulator (B) may only be recharged at an authorized
workshop with proper equipment.
The low pressure accumulator (A) is a piston type accumulator and needs frequent recharging.
BA030004
67
Maintenance L20
D030003
Item Precharge pressure
Item Torque
Shield plug 40 Nm (30 lbf ft)
3.3.2 Releasing of pressure from low pressure accumulator

Pressure release for e.g. air transportation is handled in the same way as recharging.
68
L20 Maintenance
3.3.3 Recharging the low pressure accumulator
WARNING
Use only Nitrogen (N2) for charging accumulators. The use of other gases may cause
1. Place hammer in horizontal position with low pressure accumulator recharging point faced
upwards.
During recharging, the piston may move unexpectedly. Make sure the tool is fully extracted
and that no people or equipment are near the end of the tool.
2. Remove cover from filling plug on hammer with allen key.
D030004
3. Pull handle (C) out and leave it in this position. Open discharge valve (D) on charging
device by turning the knob.
69
Maintenance L20
Pushing the handle (C) in while connecting the charging device to the hammer will leak gas
out of the accumulator.
4. Tighten recharge valve to filling plug on hammer from (E). If recharge valve does not fit
easily to hammer, connect first adapter from (F) to hammer, and then recharge valve (E) to
other end of adapter (G).
D030005
5. Remove cap (B) from charging device.

6. Connect hose of Nitrogen gas bottle to charging device at (A).
7. Carefully open the valve on the Nitrogen bottle and adjust gas flow to minimum.
Rapid opening of the valve on Nitrogen bottle may blow the seals in hammer.
Rapid opening or overcharging may also damage the gauge on charging device.
8. Close discharge valve (D) and push in handle (C) on charging device and charge
accumulator to 2 - 3 bar above specidied charging pressure. Observe pressure gauge reading
on charging device. Shut Nitrogen bottle valve.
9. Wait ten minutes for Nitrogen gas pressure to stabilize in accumulator.
10. Adjust pressure inside accumulator to correct setting by carefully opening the discharge
valve (D).
11. When the proper pressure level is reached, close discharge valve (D) and release the handle
(C).
12. Remove recharging device from hammer.
13. Install protective cover on filling plug, making sure, that no excess dirt enters the valve.
Tighten the cover with allen key.
14. Release Nitrogen pressure from hose by opening the discharge valve (D) on charging device
slowly.
3.3.4 Inspection of pressure in low pressure accumulator

Inspection is handled in the same way as recharging. By default, the low pressure accumulator
will require inspection and recharge weekly.
70
L20 Maintenance
Worn out seals may further reduce the recharging interval. In this case, please change seals at
workshop.
3.3.5 Releasing pressure from the high pressure accumulator
Warning! Do not disassemble

hammer before releasing pressure
from accumulator.
1. Place hammer in horizontal position with high pressure accumulator recharging point faced
upwards.
2. During recharging, the piston may move unexpectedly. Make sure the tool is fully extracted
and that no people or equipment are near the end of the tool.
3. Remove shield plug and O-ring.
BA030042
4. Remove cap and O-ring.
BA030043
71
Maintenance L20
5. Carefully open accumulator charging valve and let nitrogen gas escape.
BA030044
3.3.6 Recharging the high pressure accumulator
WARNING
Use only Nitrogen (N2) for charging accumulators. The use of other gases may cause
1. Remove cap from accumulator.
BA030045
72
L20 Maintenance
2. Tighten the accumulator charging valve fully.
BA030046
3. Remove shield plug and O-ring.
BA030047
4. Install adapter with O-rings.
BA030048
5. Install charging device.
73
Maintenance L20
6. Connect charging system to the nitrogen bottle.
BA030049
7. Open the accumulator charging valve.
BA030050
8. Carefully open nitrogen gas bottle valve and adjust gas flow to minimum.
9. CAUTION! Charging device does not have any pressure relief valve. Shut gas bottle valve
when gauge shows correct charging pressure.
10. Close discharge valve on charging device and charge accumulator 2-3 bar above specified
charging pressure. Observe pressure gauge reading.
BA030051
11. Shut nitrogen bottle valve.

12. Close the accumulator charging valve.
13. Wait 10 minutes for nitrogen gas pressure to stabilize inside accumulator.
14. Release pressure from charging hose by opening discharge valve.
74
L20 Maintenance
15. Adjust pressure in accumulator to correct setting by carefully opening the accumulator
charging valve.
BA030050
16. Tighten the accumulator charging valve.

17. Install the cap.
BA030052
18. Remove charging system from accumulator.

19. Install shield plug.
BA030053
20. Torque shield plug to specified setting.
75
Maintenance L20
3.4. REMOVAL OF TOOL
3.4.1 Wear limits and lubricants for tool removal
BA030122
Item Wear limit

Tool diameter (worn out) 133 mm (5.24 in)
Item Lubricant
Tool and tool retaining pins Tool grease
3.4.2 Removal of tool
Warning! The hydraulic pressure

inside the hammer must always be
released before removing the tool.
After operating the hammer, wait 10
minutes for oil pressure to drop
inside the hammer.
Warning! Use caution when you

remove the hammer tool. The tool
can be very hot after the tool has
been in operation. When you remove
the hammer tool, wear protective
gloves.
1. Position the hammer on level ground.

2. Put the carrier transmission in neutral. The parking brake should be engaged.
3. Stop the engine.
4. Exit the carrier.
76
L20 Maintenance
5. Remove plugs from the hammer housing.
BA030009
6. Remove plug and retaining pin from front head using drift pin and hammer.
BA030010
7. Remove tool retaineng pins from front head using drift pin and hammer.
BA030011
8. Remove tool. When you remove the hammer tool, wear protective gloves.
BA030012
77
Maintenance L20
9. If necessary, use a suitable lifting device to remove the tool. Refer to table below for the
weight of the tool.
10. After you have removed the tool, inspect the hammer tool and lower tool bushing for wear.
11. Refer to table below for the wear limit for tool and lower tool bushings. If you have to
replaced lower tool bushing, see the removal and installation of lower tool bushing.
3.4.3 Installation of tool

1. Clean tool.
2. Apply tool grease to tool.
3. Install tool.
BA030012
4. Apply grease to tool retaining pins.

5. Install tool retaining pins.
BA030011
6. Apply grease to retaining pins.
78
L20 Maintenance
7. Install plug and retaining pin.
BA030010
8. Install plugs to housing.
79
Maintenance L20
3.5. REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF LOWER TOOL BUSHING
3.5.1 Wear limits and lubricants for lower tool bushing
BA030123
Item Wear limit

Tool bushing inner diameter (worn out) 138 mm (5.43 in)
Item Lubricant
Contact surfaces of front head Thread grease
3.5.2 Removal and installation of lower tool bushing

1. Remove tool. Refer to section "Removal of tool" for information on the removal procedure.
BA030012
2. Clean the inside of tool bushing. Inspect the inside bore of the tool bushing for wear.
80
L20 Maintenance
3. You must replace the tool bushing if the tool bushing has too much wear. Refer to table
below for the dimensions.
BA030013
4. If you have to replace lower tool bushing remove hammer from housing. Refer to section,
"Removing housing and side plates" for information on the removal procedure.
5. Remove retaining rings, plugs and retaining pins from front head.
BA030016
6. Remove lower tool bushing from front head.
BA030017
7. Clean and dry lower tool bushing. Apply thread grease on outer surfaces of lower tool
bushing. Lubricate inner surfaces of lower tool bushing with tool grease.
8. Install lower tool bushing.
9. Install retaining pins, plugs and retaining rings.
10. Install hammer to housing. Refer to section, "Removing housing and side plates" for
information on the installation procedure.
81
Maintenance L20
11. Install tool. Refer section, "Installation of tooll" for information on the installation
procedure.
82
L20 Maintenance
3.6. TROUBLESHOOTING
3.6.1 The hammer does not start
PRESSURE OR RETURN LINES CLOSED

Check the operation of quick couplings in hammer line. Open hammer line ball valves if closed.
PRESSURE AND RETURN HOSES INSTALLED BACKWARDS

Swap the pressure and return hoses.
PISTON IS IN ITS LOWER HYDRAULIC BRAKE

Keep the hammer control valve open and force the tool against an object. The tool head will
push the piston out of its brake area.
GREASE BETWEEN PISTON AND TOOL CONTACT AREA

Remove the tool and wipe excessive grease off.
HAMMER CONTROL VALVE DOES NOT OPEN

When operating the hammer control valve, check that the pressure line pulsates (this indicates
the hammer control valve is opening). If the valve does not operate, check the operating means:
mechanical connections, pilot pressure or electrical control.
RELIEF VALVE IN HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT OPENS AT A LOW PRESSURE. HAMMER OPERATING PRESSURE IS NOT
REACHED
Check the installation. Check the relief valve operation. Adjust the relief valve in hydraulic
circuit. Measure the high pressure in the hammer inlet line.
EXCESSIVE BACK PRESSURE IN RETURN LINE

Check the installation. Check the size of the return line.
LEAKAGE FROM PRESSURE TO RETURN IN EXCAVATOR HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT

Check the installation. Check the pump and the other hydraulic components.
FAILURE IN HAMMER VALVE OPERATION

The hammer must be serviced.
TOO HIGH PREFILL PRESSURE OF THE GAS PISTON ACCUMULATOR

Check the prefill pressure and adjust it to a correct value.
PISTON FAILURE
3.6.2 The hammer operates irregularly but the blow has full power
NOT ENOUGH FEED FORCE FROM EXCAVATOR

Refer to the correct working methods.
83
Maintenance L20
REACHED

3.6.3 The hammer operates irregularly and blow has no power
THE WORKING METHOD IS NOT CORRECT

Refer to the correct working methods.
REACHED
GAS PRESSURE IN THE GAS PISTON ACCUMULATOR TOO LOW

Check the pressure and fill the gas piston accumulator the correct prefill pressure.
PRESSURE LOSS IN PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR


3.6.4 Impact rate slows down
OIL HAS OVERHEATED (OVER +80 °C/+176 °F)

Check for a fault in the oil cooling system or an internal leak in the hammer. Check the hydraulic
circuit of the carrier. Check the line size. Assemble an extra oil cooler.
HYDRAULIC OIL VISCOSITY TOO LOW

Check hydraulic oil.

Check the installation. Check the size of the return line.
REACHED

Check the installation.
84
L20 Maintenance
GAS PRESSURE IN THE GAS PISTON ACCUMULATOR TOO LOW OR TOO HIGH
Check the pressure and fill the gas piston accumulator the correct prefill pressure.
PRESSURE LOSS IN PRESSURE ACCUMULATOR


3.6.5 Oil overheats
APPLICATION NOT CORRECT FOR HAMMER

Refer to recommended use and to correct working methods.
COOLING CAPACITY OF THE FACTORY OIL COOLER IS TOO SMALL

Assemble an extra oil cooler.
REACHED
HYDRAULIC OIL VISCOSITY TOO LOW

Check hydraulic oil.

Check the installation. Check the pump and the other hydraulic components.
INTERNAL OIL LEAK IN THE HAMMER


Check the installation.
3.6.6 Recurrent tool failure
APPLICATION NOT CORRECT FOR HAMMER

ROUGH OPERATING PRACTICES

TOOL DOES NOT GET ENOUGH LUBRICANT

TOO LONG TOOL

Use shortest tool possible. Refer to recommended use and to correct working methods.
85
Maintenance L20
RAPID WEAR OF TOOL

3.6.7 Further assistance
FURTHER ASSISTANCE
If further assistance is required, please prepare to answer the following questions before calling
your dealer.
■ Model and serial number
■ Working hours and service history
■ Carrier model
■ Installation: Oil flow, operating pressure and return line pressure if known
■ Application
■ Has the product operated normally before
86
L20 Specifications
4. Specifications
87
Specifications L20
4.1. HAMMER SPECIFICATIONS
4.1.1 Technical specifications
Description Specificationa
Minimum working weightb 1670 kg (3680 lb)

Hammer weight 1320 kg (2910 lb)
c 750...1050 bpm
Impact rate: short stroke
Impact rate: long stroked 350...550 bpm
Operating pressure 145...180 bar (2105...2610 psi)
Pressure relief setting, mine 200 bar (2900 psi)
Pressure relief setting, max 250 bar (3625 psi)
Oil flow range 115...155 l/min (30.4...40.9 gal/min)
Back head pressure 5...7 bar (75...100 psi)
Accumulator pressure 55 bar (800 psi)
Back pressure, max 10 bar (145 psi)
Input power, max 45 kW (60 hp)
Tool diameter 135 mm (5.31 in)
Pressure line connection (P) BSPP internal 1"
Return line connection (T) BSPP internal 1"
Pressure line size (minimum inner diameter) 25 mm (0.98 in)
Return line connection (minimum inner diameter) 25 mm (0.98 in)
Optimum oil temperature 40...60 °C (104...140 °F)
Allowed oil temperature range -20..80 °C (-4..176 °F)
Optimum oil viscosity at operating temperature 30...60 cSt
Allowed oil viscosity range 20...1000 cSt
Carrier weightf 18...25 t (39700...55100 lb)
Noise level, guaranteed (Directive 2000/14/EC) 127 dB
a. Specifications are subject to change without prior notice
b. Including hammer, standard tool and standard bracket.
c. Depends on hydraulic parameters (oil flow and pressure)
d. Depends on hydraulic parameters (oil flow and pressure)
e. Operating pressure + 50 bar.
f. Check carrier's lifting capacity, especially with mounting bracket!
88
L20 Specifications
4.1.2 Main dimensions:

560 700
215 210 215
165 170 165

1614
2369
Ø27, 12 pcs
Ø135
404 480
BA040004
89
Specifications L20
4.1.3 Mounting bracket
D040005
90
L20 Specifications
4.2. TOOL SPECIFICATIONS
A B C D
BA040006
Tool Part no. Length Weight Diameter

Chisel (A) BA241 1050 mm 108 kg (240 lb) 135 mm (5.31
(41.34 in) in)
Moil point (B) BA243 1050 mm 102 kg (220 lb) 135 mm (5.31
(41.34 in) in)
Pyramid (C) BA243K3 1050 mm 104 kg (230 lb) 135 mm (5.31
(41.34 in) in)
Blunt (D) BA244 1050 mm 114 kg (250 lb) 135 mm (5.31
(41.34 in) in)
91
Specifications L20
4.3. CE MARK AND EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
4.3.1 Text Contents of the EC declaration of conformity:

Original
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
(2006/42/EC, Annex II.1, sub A, Directive 2000/14/EC)
Manufacturer: Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy, Breakers Lahti
Address: Taivalkatu 8, FI-15170 Lahti, Finland
Herewith declares that the Bretec hydraulic hammer
type: L20
- is in conformity with the provisions of the Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC)
The procedure applied for the Machinery Directive Conformity Assessment is "Internal
checks on the manufacture" (Annex VIII). The risk assessment is made according to ISO
14121. The DNV certified Quality Management System according to ISO 9001 is applied
to design and manufacture of the product.
- Is in conformity with the provisions of the Noise Directive (Directive 2000/14/EC)
The procedure applied for the Noise Directive Conformity Assessment is "Internal control
of production (Annex V)"
TYPE S/N Measured Guaranteed

sound power sound power
level: LWA level: LWA
[dB] [dB]
L20 2424A [010] 123 127
This declaration remains valid, as long as no modification is carried out without the
manufacturer's written agreement.
N.N., PDC Impact Products Manager, is authorized to compile the technical file and confirms
the product design to conform with the essential health and safety requirements.
M.M., Plant Manager Breakers, confirms compliance of the manufactured machinery with the
technical file.
N.N. and M.M. are empowered to draw up this declaration of conformity.
Date of issue: dd.mm.yyyy
Place of issue: Taivalkatu 8, FI-15170 Lahti, Finland
for Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy, Breakers Lahti
92
93
94
95
© 2013 Sandvik 51-16-14091-45-84-84
57-16-14091-33-0-28
All rights reserved.
96
www.bretec.com

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Original instructions

1.1.1 The purpose of instructions

1.1.4 CE mark and EC Declaration of Conformity

1.1.5 Validity of manual

1.1.6 Copyright notice

Hazard - potential source of harm.

1.2. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL INSTRUCTIONS

1.2.1 Safety labels

1.2.1.1 Signal words

1.2.1.2 General safety symbol

1.2.1.3 Symbols for mandatory actions

1.2.1.4 Symbols for prohibited actions

Pin Hole Hazard. Do not Hazard Zone.

1.2.1.5 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) symbols

Wear Approved Wear Approved Ear

Wear Approved Hard Wear Approved Safety

Wear Approved Safety Wear Approved Eye

1.2.1.6 Hazard symbols

General Hazard. This Airborne Pollution.

Hanging Loads. Hazard Flying Fragments.

High Pressure. Hazard Crushing. Hazard

1.2.1.7 Labels on the product

Safety labels communicate the following four things:

1.2.2 User obligations

Improper installation, operation or

1.2.2.1 Managing work-related hazards

1.2.2.2 National safety regulations

1.2.2.3 Site specific safety regulations

1.2.2.4 Periodic safety inspections

1.2.2.5 Periodic maintenance

1.2.2.6 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

1.2.3 Intended use

1.2.4 Modifications and corrections to the product

If a modification or correction as described above has been implemented without the

1.2.5 Hazard zone

Nobody is allowed in hazard zone I during hammer operation. WARNING! It is user

1.3. SAFETY SECTION

1.3.2 Packing, transportation and storage

1.3.3 Pressurized gas in accumulator

1.3.4 Crushing prevention and cutting prevention

1.3.5 Removal from package and installation

1.3.6 Before use and new users

1.3.8 Trapped pressure in hydraulic system

1.3.9 Hot substances

1.3.10 Containing fluid spillage

1.3.11 Cleaning and service

1.3.12 Field repair

1.3.14 Workshop service

1.3.16 Flammable liquids

1.4. SAFETY DURING OPERATION

1.4.1 Proper operating practice

1.4.2 Airborne pollution

1.4.3 Flying fragments in operation

1.4.5 High pressure pinhole leakage

1.4.6 Asbestos, radioactive or poisonous applications

1.5. TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND SETTING UP