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Pascual vs. Angeles

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G.R. No.

1511            July 26, 1905


MIGUEL PASCUAL, plaintiff-appellant,
vs.
MACARIO ANGELES, defendant-appellee.

I. Facts:
Miguel Pascua, plaintiff-appellant,l brought an action to recover the possession of a
certain tract of land unlawfully occupied by the defendant, and for the payment of
rent due, damages, and cost. It was alleged in the complaint that the defendant,
Angeles, then held under a lease a certain tract of land 15 yards;that the land
formerly belonged to Ciriaca Pascual, his sister, from whom he inherited it;  that,
demand having been made upon the defendant for payment of the rent due for the
first two years, he asked for and obtained an extension; that by virtue of this
extension the lease was continued in force; that a subsequent demand was made
upon the defendant about the end of the year 1901 for the payment of rent due and
for the possession of the land; that the defendant refused to do either; and that he
had since been in the wrongful possession of the land.
The court, after hearing the evidence, rendered judgment June 20, 1902, in favor of
the defendant, with costs to the plaintiff.

Issues: WON Pascual has the right to sue?


II. Ruling:
Yes! Those in the actual possession of the land under a claim of ownership, right of
usufruct, or any other right entitling them to use the same, can maintain an action for
the ejectment of the person wrongfully in possession

Miguel Pascual, as testamentary heir of his sister, was in actual and adverse
possession of a tract of land in Navotas, of which the land in question was part. His
possession dated from the death of the testatrix who must have died prior to April 7,
1984, when her executor asked for and obtained a copy of her will executed in
January of the same year. The plaintiff was recognized by the lessee, Angeles, as
such owner and lawful possessor and as heir and successor to the deceased Cicaria
Pascual. Angeles paid him rent for the land from the time of death of the former
lessor until the year 1898, as shown by the record. It was not until the year 1901,
when he decided to keep the land, that defendant refused to pay rent for that and the
two preceding years, 1899, 1900.

In an action for ejectment it is presumed that the plaintiff is the owner of the property,
or that he has the right to the possession of the same, he cannot accordingly be
compelled to show his title thereto. The tenant is not permitted to deny the title of his
landlord at the time of the commencement of the relation of landlord and tenant
between them.
Testatrix- a woman who has made a will or given a legacy
Action for ejectment-  one does not own the land he possesses, he has limited
rights. He may be ejected based on two types of legal action: (1) ejectment (i.e.,
forcible entry or unlawful detainer) (accion interdictal); or (2) accion
publiciana (or the plenary action to recover the better right of possession)

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