GREEN ARCHITECTURE

A CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABILITY
Acknowledgement
This paper entitled “Green Architecture: A concept of Sustainability" developing
under supervision of Ar.Mahesh Bangad in Contemporary Architecture Seminar,
Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College Of Architecture , Pune, India.
Structure of paper
1. Abstract
2. Aim and objectives
3. Introduction & Foreword
4. Methodology
5. Literature Review
6. Green Architecture Consideration.
7. The Principles of Green Architectural Design.
8. Green Architecture Characteristics.
9. Green Architecture Goals.
10. Reducing environmental impact.
11. Green Architecture Benefits.
12. Casestudy
13. Green Architecture Institutes
14. Conclusion
Abstract

• The design,construction,operation,maintenance of buildings requires enormous amounts of

energy, water and raw materials generating large quantities of waste causing air and water
pollution.
• Green buildings is the answer creating healthier and more resource efficient models of
construction, renovation ,operation and maintenance.
• Green Architecture -Modern trend in architectural thinking which manipulates the
relationship between the building and the environment.
• It’s very important to implement specific strategies in order to decrease energy
consumption in buildings
• By using renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and other sources.
• Keywords: Green-building systems, sustainable buildings, living architecture, renewable
resources, eco-design,environmental architecture.
 Aim And Objectives of research:

• The aim here is to investigate "Green

Architecture“ as an idea of
sustainability.
• With this aim in mind,paper presents
various considerations,benefits and
analysis on Green Building.
Methodology

In order to achieve the principle aim, the study presented in this paper, traces the
following steps:
1. General outline on applying "Green Architecture "as an idea of sustainability.
2. Defining considerations for Green Building.
3. Defining the benefits of applying criteria for Green Building strategies that
could maximize energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
4. Describing case Study potentials in terms of Green Building aspects
5. Depicting contextual analysis possibilities regarding Green Building viewpoints.
Introduction
• Sustainability is comprehensive therefore a complex subject, it is of vital importance to all
because it deals with the survival of human species and almost every living creature on
the planet, Sustainable and eco-friendly architecture is one of the main aims that human
for creating a better life.
• The aims of sustainability in environmental design as follows:
- Maximizing the human comfort
- Efficient planning
- Design for change
- Minimizing waste of spaces
- Minimizing construction expenses
- Minimizing buildings maintenance expenses
- Protecting (keeping) and improving natural values
• Green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful
effects on human health and the environment.
• The "green" architect or designer attempts to safeguard air, water, and earth by choosing
eco-friendly building materials and construction practices.
Literature Review
Paper Title : Green Architecture:A Concept Of Sustainability
Author : Ramprasad Kumawat, Ranveer singh

• The paper aims on the main idea of sustainability and eco-accommodating architecture as
primary points that human for making a superior life.
• The structures in which we live, work, and play shield us from nature's extremes, yet they
likewise influence our wellbeing and condition in endless ways.
• The following paper focuses on key standards, techniques and advances which are related
with the five major components of green building design which are: Water highlights and
their administration;regular building structure;inactive sunlight based plan; green building
materials; living Architecture.
• These standards are connected in a reasonable style to accomplish an eco-accommodating
building.
• The paper also characterizes the advantages of applying criteria for Green Building
techniques and considerations for Green Building that could maximize energy proficiency,
and indoor air quality.
• The paper depicts the contextual analysis possibilities regarding Green Building viewpoints.
Literature Review
Paper Title : Green Architecture:A Concept Of Sustainability
Author : Architect Dana Sdiq Sadiq

• The paper aims to design, construct, operate and maintain building energy, water and
new materials which are utilized as well as amount of water causing negative buildings.
• While the practices or technologies employed in green building are constantly evolving
and may differ from region to region, fundamental principles persist from which the
method is derived: Siting and structure design efficiency, Energy efficiency, Water
efficiency, Materials efficiency, Indoor environmental quality enhancement,Optimization
and waste.
• An ecological approach to design aims to integrate the system being introduced with the
existing on-site ecological functions.
• Green Architecture practice expands and complements the classical building design
concerns of economy, utility, durability and comfort.
Literature Review
Paper Title : Sustainability in Building and Construction: Revising Definitions and Concepts
Author : Hossein Zabihi, Dr. Farah Habib, Leila Mirsaeedie

• The aim of the paper is to review and study recent researches into subject of sustainability
in the field of construction and architecture.
• Previous studies of sustainability in construction industry have not deal with practical
attributes and guides for developing countries, also researchers often have not treated
attributes of sustainable building and architecture in detail.
• The paper focuses on the main idea of sustainability to concentrate on environmental
conditions to achieve a designed product. Buildings must reply to environment from
design stage and settling when they are to decrease confronting with nature.
• In this study by reviewing and studying definitions and concepts of sustainability in
building and architecture sector, as sustainable design, architecture and construction,a
comprehensive definition as Building sustainability model have been presented. Some
aspects and main categories of sustainability in architecture and building are presented.
• As conclusion, the model of sustainable building summarize in four categories that main
and essential aims in each one are presented.
• The features of sustainable building are connected with four major objectives in social,
economic, technical, technological, environmental groups and these four objectives
include enhancing the finance and economic savings, reducing the impact on
environment.
Literature Review
Paper Title : Green Architecture :A Concept Of Sustainability
Author : Amany Ragheb, Hisham El-Shimy, Ghada Ragheb

• This paper aims at highlighting the difficult and complex issues of sustainability which
encompass the scope of almost every aspect of human life.
• It generally overviews on applying “Green Architecture “as a concept of sustainability.
• The research defines considerations for Green Building and the benefits of applying criteria for
Green Building strategies that could maximize energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
• The following paper focuses on key standards, techniques and advances which are related
with the five major components of green building design which are: Water systems, natural
building ,Passive solar design,Living Architecture, Green Building Materials.
• It also describes a case study potentials in terms of Green Building aspects.
Literature Review
Paper Title : Studying green architecture factors in order to achieving sustainable
Author : Mohammad Reza Ghaffari

• Green architecture is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human

health and the environment.
• The paper aims at improving environmental quality of the natural and built environments,
and upgrading conditions for development of green architecture.
• The paper focuses on principles of Green Architecture which are: Water features and their
management; natural building design; passive solar design; green building materials; living
Architecture.
• These principles are applied in a sustainable fashion to achieve an eco- friendly
building.Green building involves consideration in four main areas: site development,
material selection and minimization, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
• Green building standards are available for almost every type of building on a global basis
and these standards are well developed and are regularly being updated.
Literature Review

• All the five papers aims on the main idea of sustainability and eco-accommodating
architecture as primary points that human for making a superior life.
• The structures in which we live, work,and play shield us from nature's extremes, yet they
likewise influence our wellbeing and condition in endless ways.
• The following paper focuses on key standards, techniques and advances which are related
with the five major components of green building design which are: Water highlights and
their administration; regular building structure; inactive sunlight based plan; green
building materials; living Architecture.
• These standards are connected in a reasonable style to accomplish an eco-
accommodating building.The paper focuses on improving environmental quality of the
natural and built environments, and upgrading conditions for development of green
architecture.
• It describes various casestudies potentials in terms of Green Building aspects.
• Green Architecture practice expands and complements the classical building design
concerns of economy, utility, durability and comfort.
Design Consideration for green building
• Green building includes thought in four principle zones:

• Site advancement
1 • Considering site development to reduce the impact of development on the
natural environment

• Material choice
2 • selecting materials that are durable, contain recycled content, and are
locally manufactured

• Energy efficiency
3 • Incorporating design into buildings to create efficient comfortable
environment

• Indoor air quality

4 • high indoor air quality to promote occupant health and productivity.
The Principles of Green Building Design
• The green building design process begins with an intimate understanding of the site in all
its beauties and complexities.
• The following points summarize key principles, strategies and technologies which are
associated with the five major elements of green building design which are:

Sustainable Site Design

Five major elements of green

Water Conservation and

building design
Quality

Conservation of
Materials and Resources

Energy and Environment

Indoor Environmental
quality
 Water Systems
• Water can be collected, stored, separated, and reused. It gives a
significant asset to be commended during the time spent green
building design.
• Designing dual plumbing that recycles water in toilet flushing or
by using water for washing of the cars.
• Utilizing water conserving fixtures such as ultra-low flush toilets
and low flow shower heads. Grey water treatment
• Bidets help eliminate the use of toilet paper, reducing sewer
traffic and
• The use of non-sewage and grey-water for on-site use such as
site-irrigation will minimized demands on the local aquifer.
• The green architectural design course introduces methods of
rainwater harvesting, grey-water system and living pools.

Rainwater harvesting
Natural building:

ease of use

lack of
local
toxic
availability
ingredients

Natural
building
energy
efficiency
favors Durable

maintaining
aesthetic
indoor air
appeal
quality.
Passive solar design:
Passive solar design uses that to capture the sun’s energy:
•Solar passive features.
•Shape and form of buildings.
•Orientation of the facades.
•Design of building plans and sections.
•Thermal insulation and thermal storage of roof.
•Thermal insulation and thermal storage of the exterior walls.
Decreases carbon dioxide emissions,even in cold winter passive solar design can help cut
heating costs and increase comfort.
Solar buildings are designed to keep environment comfortable in all season without much
expenditure on electricity 30% to 40% saving with additional 5% to 10% cost towards passive
features.
 Green building materials
durability,

• Composed of renewable rather

than non-renewable resources sustainability
and rapidly
zero or low
and are environmentally renewable
toxicity,
harvested
responsible because their material
impacts are considered over the
life of the product.
• In addition,reduces
Green
maintenance and replacement building
costs over the life of the material zero or low
building,conserve energy and Locally
selection off-gassing of
harmful air
available
improve occupant health and emissions
productivity

reuse and
high
recycled
recyclability
content
 Living architecture

• The environment like our bodies can metabolize nutrients

and waste.
• Living architecture focuses on these processes, integrating
ecological functions into the buildings to catch, store, and
filter water, purify air, and process other nutrients.
• Living architecture also addresses the documented health
benefits associated with being in touch with living systems
in the built environment.
Green roof:
• The term green roof indicates roofs that use
some form of green technology, such as a cool
roof, a roof with photovoltaic panels and HVCP
(Horizontal Vegetated Complex Partitions).
• There are two types of green roofs:
A. Intensive roofs
B. Extensive roofs
Green wall
Also known as vertical greenery introducing
plants onto the building façade.
There are three types of green walls
A. Wall-climbing green walls
B. Hanging-down green walls
C. Module green walls:
Green Architecture Characteristics:

Green architecture defines an understanding of

environment-friendly architecture under all
classifications and characteristics:
• Ventilation system designed for efficient heating and
cooling.
• Energy-efficient lighting and appliances.
• Water-saving plumbing fixture.
• Landscape planned to maximize passive solar energy.
• Minimal harm to the natural habitat.
• Alternate power source such as solar power or wind
power.
• Non-synthetic, non-toxic materials.
• Locally-obtained woods and stone.
Casestudy
Name :CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre
Location :Hyderabad, India
Architect : Karan Grover and Associates, India
Area :4.5 acres (total site area)
1,858 m2 (total built up area)
Type :Office building
Building details :Office building
Seminar hall
Green Technology Centre displaying the latest and emerging
green building materials and technologies in India
Ratings : Awarded the LEED Platinum Rating for New
Construction (NC) v 2.0 by the U.S. Green Building Council
(USGBC) in November 2003.
A building gives back to nature even
as it takes from thus reducing
ecological footprint an attempt to
make a positive change in design by
reducing negative impact on
environment in terms of-
• Use of Material • The plan is derived from
• Reuse and recycle subtractive combination of
• Landuse several built spaces and green
Ecological footprint pockets.
• Water management • The building has an semi open
• Natural ventilation circulation though public and
• Renewable energy effective semi public spaces. The spaces
• Sustainability are vastly open to give
• Energy efficiency maximum exterior green views.
Light wells Courtyards
• The 20,000-square-foot • A courtyard acts as a bridge
building was designed around a of common space for
courtyard - which acts as a everyone and has many
“light well”, providing light to impacts - social, security and
the adjoining rooms. privacy, micro-climate and
• The natural light from the articulation of space.
courtyard, combined with • The buildings in the backdrop
energy- efficient lighting seem to fade by the charm of
systems, results in 88 per cent vegetations in the courtyard.
energy savings,higher than that
• The plants collectively create
of an electrically-lit building of
same size. a space of diffused light that
• Some 90 per cent of building just adds more to the
spaces have daylight access liveliness.
and views to the outside
Vertical Landscaping

• Some have been used as facade element while

some as partition.
• Apart from aesthetics, these act as additional
mass to the wall and reduce the heat load in the
building.

Jalli wall

• The walls are commonly experimented feature in

aesthetics with several arrangement and
patterns.
• The walls allow a controlled flow of air and light
into the interior space.
• The Jali walls increase the surface area and mass
of the facade to cool much of the breeze in the
passage.
Root Zone Treatment Wind tower
• Water generated is treated by root
• A Windcatcher - architectural
zone treatment plant.
element to create natural
• The treated water is used for irrigation ventilation in buildings.
requirement,within campus. • Cooling upto 8°C, the wind towers
supply to the AHUs, substantially
reducing the load on the air
Recycle content conditioning system .

• The masonry construction has a considerable content of

flyash, which is and industrial waste. The walls are
constructed using flyash blocks and flyash cement.
• The roof lawn trays are made entirely of recycle plastic.
• Instead of conventional ply, a composite agro-board
manufactured from bagasse(sugarcane waste) used.
Other Notable Green Features

•Fenestration maximized on the north orientation

•Rain water harvesting
•Water-less urinals in men’s restroom
•Water-efficient fixtures: ultra low and low-flow flush fixtures
•Water-cooled scroll chiller
•Secondary chilled water pumps in stalled
with variable frequency drives (VFDs)
•Energy-efficient lighting systems through
compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs)
•Roof garden covering 60% of building area
•Large vegetative open spaces
•Swales for storm water collection
•Operable windows and lighting controls for better day lighting and views
•Electric vehicle for staff use
•Shaded carpark
Green Architecture Institutes:

• Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

(LEED) is a set of rating systems for the design,
construction, operation and maintenance of green
architecture which was developed by the United
States Green Building Council (USGBC).
• Other certificates system that confirms the
sustainability of buildings is the British BREEAM
(Building Research Establishment Environmental
Assessment Method) for buildings and large scale
development.
 Conclusion:

• The principles of Green Architecture are: Water features and

their management; natural building design; passive solar
design;green building materials;living Architecture. Comfort

• These principles are applied in a sustainable fashion to achieve

an eco- friendly building.
• Any architect has the ability to change an entire building process Economy
by specifying materials with low carbon dioxide emissions.
• Comfort : Because a well-design passive solar home or building Green
is highly energy efficient, it is free of drafts, extra sunlight from Architecture
the south window makes it more cheerful and pleasant in the
winter than a conventional house.
• Economy: If addressed at the design stage, passive solar
construction doesn’t have to cost more than conventional Aesthtics
construction and it can save money on fuel bills.
• Aesthetics: Passive solar buildings can have a conventional
appearance on the outside, and the passive solar feature make
Environmentally
them bright and pleasant inside.
Responsible
• Environmentally responsible: Passive solar homes can
significantly cut use of heating fuel and electricity used for
lighting, if passive cooling strategies are used in the design,
summer air-conditioning costs can be reduced as well.
References And Links
• Mohammadjavad, M., Arash, Z., Airya, N., Setareh, G., Narjes, E., 2014 “Dilemma of green and pseudo
green architecture based on LEED norms in case of developing countries” International Journal of
Sustainable Built Environment (2014) 3, 235–246
• Ken,2008, “Living Roofs and Walls”, Technical Report: Supporting London Plan Policy, Greater London
Authority, February 2008
• Thomas Rettenwender, 2009, M.A., Mag. Arch., LEED AP, Architect and Niklas SpitzMonterey Peninsula
College INTD62 Spring 2009”The Principles of Green Building Design” Spring 2009.
• USGBC, 2002, U.S. Green Building Council, Building Momentum: “National Trends and Prospects for High-
Performance
• CBFEE, 1999, "Skylighting and Retail Sales: An Investigation into the Relationship Between Daylighting and
Human Performance," The Heschong Mahone Group, on behalf of the California Board for Energy Efficiency
Third Party Program, 1999.
• Stren R and Polese M. The Social Sustainability of Cities: Diversity and the Management of Change. Toronto:
UniversityPress; 2000.

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