Paper 2 SPM 2004

1. Jadual 1 menunjukkan empat bahan dengan formula kimia masing-masing.

Table 1 shows four substances and their respective formulae.

Bahan Formula kimia

Substance Chemical Formula
Iodin
I2
Iodine
Kuprum
Cu
Copper
Naftalena
C10H8
Naphthalene
Kuprum(II) sulfat
CuSO4
Copper(II) sulphate

Jadual 1/ Table 1

Gunakan maklumat dari Jadual 1 untuk menjawab soalan berikut.

Use information from table 1 to answers the following questions.

(i) Nyatakan satu bahan dari Jadual 1 yang wujud sebagai molekul.
State one substance from table 1 which exists as a molecule. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Antara iodin, kuprum dan naftalena, bahan yang manakah mempunyai
takat lebur paling tinggi?
Which substance has the highest melting, iodine, copper or naphthalene? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(iii) Apakah keadaan jirim kuprum(II) sulfat pada suhu bilik?

What is the state of matter of copper (II) sulphate at room temperature? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(iv) Nyatakan bahan dari Jadual 1 yang boleh mengkonduksikan arus elektrik
dalam keadaan pepejal.
State the substance in Table 1 which can conduct electricity in the solid state.
[1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(v) Lukiskan susunan zarah-zarah dalam bahan yang dinyatakan di (a)(iv).

Draw the arrangement of particles in the substance in (a) (iv) [1M]

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(vi) Tuliskan formula ion bagi bahan di (a)(iv).

Write the ionic formula the substance in (a) (iv) [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Graf 1.1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan mas a bagi pemanasan pepejal
naftalena.
Graph 1.1 shows the temperature against time when solid naphthalene is
heated.

Graf 1.1/ Graph 1.1

(i) Nyatakan takat lebur naftalena.

State the melting point of naphthalene. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Terangkan mengapa tiada perubahan suhu dari Q ke R

Explain why there is no change in temperature from Q to R. [2M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(iii) Nyatakan bagaimana pergerakan zarah-zarah naftalena berubah semasa

pemanasan antara R dan S.
State how the movement of naphthalene particles changes between R and S
during the heating. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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2. (a) Semasa proses penyediaan sabun, larutan alkali kuat ditambah kepada
lemak. Campuran dipanaskan dan kemudian natrium klorida ditambah.
In preparing soap, a strong alkali solution is added to fats. The mixture is
heated and the sodium chloride is added.

(i) Namakan satu alkali kuat yang digunakan dalam proses penyediaan sabun.
Name one strong alkali used in preparing soap. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Mengapakah natrium klorida ditambah kepada campuran itu?

Why sodium chloride added to the mixture? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Pernyataan di bawah adalah tentang sabun dan detergen.

The statement below is about is about soap and detergent.

Tindakan pencucian detergen lebih berkesan daripada

pencucian sabun dalam air liat.
The cleaning action of a detergent is more effective than a
soap in hard water.

Anda mempunyai dua helai stoking yang terkena kotoran berminyak. Huraikan
dengan ringkas prosedur eksperimen, pemerhatian dan kesimpulan untuk
membuktikan pernyataan di atas, dengan menggunakan bahan seperti sabun,
detergen dan air liat.
You have two socks stained with oil. Describe briefly the experimental
procedure, observations and conclusions to prove the above statement, by using
substance such as soap, detergent and hard water.

Prosedur eksperimen:
Procedure of the experiment: [3M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Pemerhatian:
Observations [1M]:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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Kesimpulan:
Conclusions [1M]:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) Analgesik dan psikoteraputik adalah ubat yang digunakan bagi merawat
pesakit. Aspirin adalah contoh ubat analgesik dan barbiturat adalah contoh
ubat psikoteraputik.
Analgesic and psychotherapeutic medicines are used to treat patients. Aspirin is
an analgesic medicine and barbiturate is a psychotherapeutic medicine.

(i) Apakah fungsi barbiturat?

What is the function of a barbiturate? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Kanak-kanak tidak digalakkan mengambil aspirin kerana ubat itu

mengakibatkan pendarahan usus dan perut. Cadangkan satu ubat lain untuk
menggantikan aspirin.
Children are advised not to take aspirin because it bleeding of the intestine and
stomach. Suggest one other medicine to replace the aspirin. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(iii) Rajah 2 adalah formula struktur bagi aspirin.

Diagram 2 shows the structural formula of aspirin.

Rajah 2/ Diagram 2

Apakah formula molekul aspirin?

What is the molecular of aspirin? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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(iv) Berapakah jisim molekul bagi aspirin?

Gunakan maklumat jisim atom relatif H = 1, C = 12 dan O = 16.
What is the molecular mass of aspirin?
Use the information that relative atomic mass of H=1, C=12 and O=16. [1M]

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3. Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji elektrolisis larutan

kuprum(II) sulfat cair
Diagram 3 shows the set up to investigate the electrolysis of dilute copper (II)
sulphate solution.

Rajah 3/ Diagram 3

(a)(i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kation?

What meant by cation? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Apakah perubahan tenaga yang berlaku dalam proses elektrolisis itu?
What is energy change that occurs in the electrolysis process? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Di dalam proses elektrolisis larutan kuprum(II) sulfat cair:

In the electrolysis of dilute copper (II) sulphate solution:

(i) Nyatakan semua ion di dalam elektrolit itu?

State all the ions in the electrolyte [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Dalam jadual di bawah, tuliskan ion-ion di (b)(i) yang bergerak ke elektrod X
dan elektrod Y
In the table below, write the ions in (b) (i) which moved to electrodes X and Y.
[1M]
Elektrod X Elektrod Y
Electrode X Electrode Y

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(iii) Apakah proses yang berlaku di elektrod X dan elektrod Y?

What are the processes that occur at electrodes X and Y? [1M]

Elektrod X: …………………………………………………………………………………….
Electrode X

Elektrod Y: …………………………………………………………………………………….
Electrode Y

(iv) Apakah yang akan anda perhatikan di elektrod Y?

What would you observe at electrode Y? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(v) Apakah perubahan warna pada elektrolit itu?

What is the colour change of the electrolyte? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c)(i) Namakan gas yang terkumpul di dalam tabung uji di elektrod X

Name the gas collected in the test tube at electrode X. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Isi padu gas yang terkumpul di elektrod X ialah 20.0 cm 3. Berapakah
bilangan mol gas yang di kumpul?
Gunakan maklumat 1 mol gas menempati 24.0 dm3 ruang pada suhu dan
tekanan bilik.

The volume of gas collected at electrode X is 20.0 cm3. How many moles of the
gas were collected?
Use the information that 1 mole of gas occupies a volume of 24.0 dm 3 at room
temperature and pressure. [1M]

(iii) Berdasarkan jawapan anda pada (c)(ii), berapakah bilangan molekul gas
yang di kumpul?
Based on the answer in (c) (ii), what is the number of gas molecules collected?
Use the information that Avogadro number is 6.02 X 1023 mol-1. [1M]

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4. Rajah 4 menunjukkan radas bagi eksperimen penentuan haba pemendakan.

25.0 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat 0.5 mol dm-3 ditindakbalaskan dengan 25.0
cm3 larutan natrium klorida 0.5 mol dm-3. Didapati terdapat perubahan suhu
campuran larutan dan mendakan putih terbentuk.
Diagram 4 shows the set-up of the apparatus of an experiment to determine the
heat of precipitation. 25.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution is reacted
with 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution. As a result there is a
change in temperature of the mixture and a white precipitate is formed.

Sebelu
m
tindak
balas
Before
reaction

Selepas
tindak
balas
After
reaction

(a) mengapakah cawan polistirena digunakan dalam eksperimen itu?

Why is a polystyrene cup used in the experiment? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) (i) Berdasarkan perubahan suhu dalam eksperimen itu, nyatakan jenis
tindak balas yang berlaku.
Based on the change of temperature in the experiment, state the type of
reaction that occurred. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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(ii) Bagaimanakah kandungan tenaga hasil tindak balas berbeza dari

kandungan tenaga bahan tindak balas?
How is the total energy of the product different from the total energy of the
reactants? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) Nyatakan satu langkah yang perlu dijalankan semasa mencampurkan

kedua-dua larutan itu untuk mendapat keputusan yang lebih tepat.
State one step that should be taken while adding the two solutions in order to
get a more accurate result. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(d) Persamaan ion bagi tindak balas pemendakan argentum klorida ialah:
The ionic equation for the precipitation reaction of silver chloride is:

Ag+(ag) + Cl-(ag) AgCl(s)

(i) Berapakah bilangan mol ion Ag+ yang bertindak balas dengan ion Cl-?
What is the number of moles of Ag+ ions that reacted with Cl- ions ? [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Hitungkan perubahan haba bagi tindak balas pemendakan itu.

Gunakan maklumat bahawa muatan haba tentu air ialah 4.2 J g -1 °C_1 dan
ketumpatan air ialah 1 g cm-3
Calculate the heat change of the precipitation reaction that has taken place. Use
the information that the specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J g -1 C-1 and
density water is 1 g cm-3-. [2M]

(iii) hitungkan haba pemendakan bagi tindak balas ini.

Calculate the heat of precipitation for this reaction. [2M]

(e) Nilai haba pemendakan yang telah dihitung bagi tindak balas ini didapati
kurang daripada nilai sebenar. Berikan sebabnya
The calculated value of the heat of precipitation for this reaction is less than the
actual value. Give a reason. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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5. Jadual 5 menunjukkan Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II dalam penyediaan

garam
Diagram 5 shows Experiment I and II in the preparation of a salt.

Eksperimen Kaedah
Experiment Method

II

Rajah 5/ Diagram 5

(a) Nyatakan satu pemerhatian dalam Eksperimen I

State one observation in Experiment I. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) Berdasarkan Eksperimen II:

Based on Experiment II:

(i) Nyatakan sebab mengapa serbuk kuprum(II) oksida berlebihan digunakan.

State the reason why copper(II) oxide is added in excess. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Nyatakan bagaimana serbuk kuprum(II) oksida yang berlebihan itu boleh
diasingkan daripada hasil tindak balas itu.
State how the excess copper(II) oxide powder can be separated from the
products. [1M]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(iii) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam
Eksperimen II. [1M]
State the chemical equation for the reaction that takes place in Experiment II.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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(iv) Hitungkan jisim maksimum garam yang terbentuk

Gunakan maklumat jisim atom relatif O = 16, S = 32 dan Cu = 64
Calculate the maximum mass of the salt formed. [2M]
Use the information that the relative atomic mass of O=16, S =32 and Cu=64.

(c) Eksperimen I diulang. Asid sulfurik digantikan dengan asid hidroklorik yang
berkepekatan sama. Ramalkan isi padu hidroklorik yang diperlukan untuk
tindak balas lengkap.
Experiment I is repeated. Sulphuric acid is replaced by hydrochloric acid of the
same concentration. Predict the volume of hydrochloric required for a complete
reaction. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(d) Penyediaan garam dalam Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II melibatkan

beberapa langkah. Nyatakan satu perbezaan langkah antara kedua-dua
eksperimen.
There are several steps in the preparation of the salts in each of the
Experiments I and II. State one difference in the steps between the two
experiments.

Eksperimen I Eksperimen I
Experiment I Experiment II

(e) (i) Nyatakan jenis tindak balas bagi penyediaan garam dalam Eksperimen I
dan Eksperimen II
State the type of reaction in the preparation of salts in Experiments I and II.
[1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Nyatakan satu jenis tindak balas penyediaan garam selain daripada (e)(i).
State one type of reaction in the preparation of a salt other than that in (e) (i).
[1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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6. Rajah 6 menunjukkan tindak balas penghasilan marjerin secara industri.

Diagram 6 shows the reaction used in industrial production of margarine.

O Mangkin X
Catalyst X
||
C3H5[OC(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3] (l) + H2
Minyak sayur hidrogen Suhu Marjerin
Temperature Y
Vegetable oil hydrogen Margarine

Rajah 6 / Diagram 6

(a)(i) Namakan proses yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan marjerin dalam

Rajah 6.
Name the process used to produce margarine in Diagram 6. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Nyatakan satu kesan proses itu kepada minyak sayuran.

State one effect of this process on the vegetable oil. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(b) (i) Namakan mangkin X dan nyatakan julat suhu Y dalam penghasilan
marjerin.
Name catalyst X and state the range of temperature Y in the production of
margarine. [2M]

Mangkin X
Catalyst X : …………………………………………………………………………….

Suhu Y
Temperature Y : …………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Berdasarkan teori perlanggaran, terangkan kesan mangkin X dan kesan

suhu Y ke atas penghasilan marjerin.
Based on the collision theory, explain the effect of catalyst X and temperature Y
in the production of margarine. [3M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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(iii) Pada Rajah 6 tuliskan formula bagi marjerin.

Write the chemical formula for margarine in Diagram 6. [1 M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) Namakan satu contoh minyak sayuran yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan
marjerin
Name one example of a vegetable oil used in the production of margarine. [1M]

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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Bahagian B
Section B

7. Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol kimia yang mewakili tiga unsur iaitu unsur X,
unsur Y dan unsur Z
Diagram 1 shows the chemical symbols which represent three elements, X, Y and Z.
23 35 12
X Y Z
11 17 6

Rajah 1/ Diagram 1

(a) (i) Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X dan atom Y.

Write the electron arrangement of atoms X and Y. [2M]

(ii) Nyatakan bilangan neutron dalam atom bagi unsur Z dan tuliskan simbol
bagi satu isotop unsur Z
State the number of neutrons in an atom of element Z and write the symbol for
an isotope of element Z. [2M]

(b) Tindak balas antara atom X dan atom Y membentuk sebatian ion manakala
tindak balas antara atom Y dan Z membentuk sebatian kovalen.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, jelaskan bagaimana sebatian ion dan sebatian
kovalen terbentuk
The reaction between atoms of X and Y forms an ionic compound whereas the
reaction between atoms of Y and Z forms a covalent compound.
Based on the above statement, explain how these ionic and covalent compounds
are formed. [8M]

(c) Sebatian ion yang terbentuk daripada tindak balas antara unsur X dan
unsur Y boleh mengkonduksi elektrik apabila melebur atau larut dalam air.
The ionic compound formed from the reaction between elements X and Y is able
to conduct electricity when it is melted or dissolved in water.
Describe how you could prove that this statement is correct. [8M]

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8. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan penukaran sebatian karbon yang melibatkan

beberapa siri tindak balas
Diagram 2.1 shows changes of a carbon compound involving a series of
reactions.

+H2 Alumina potassium

Propana
Heat Alkana Yheat Propanol Propanoic Acid
dichoramate (VI) in acid
Propene Alkene Y

Rajah 2.1/ Diagram 2.1

(a) Lukiskan formula struktur bagi dua isomer propanol. Namakan kedua-dua
isomer itu.
Draw the structural formulae of two propanol isomers. Name both isomers. [4M]

(b) Berikut ialah maklumat tentang alkena Y

The information below is regarding alkene Y:

 Karbon 85.7%
Carbon 85.7 %

 Hidrogen 14.3%
Hydrogen 14.3%

 Jisim molekul relatif = 42

Relative molecular mass = 42

 Jisim atom relatif bagi H = 1 dan C = 12

Relative atomic mass of H =1 and C = 12

berdasarkan maklumat tentang alkena Y:

Based on the information of the alkene Y:

 Tentukan formula molekul

Determine the molecular formula

 Lukiskan formula struktur

Draw the structural formula

 Namakan alkena itu

Name the alkene

 Tuliskan formula am bagi siri homolog alkena itu

Write the general formula for its homologous series. [8M]

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(c)(i) Jadual 2.2 menunjukkan keputusan ujian untuk membezakan antara

alkena Y dengan propana
Table 2.2 shows the results of a test to differentiate between alkane Y and
propane.

Prosedur Pemerhatian
Procedure Observations
Air bromin ditambah kepada alkena Warna perang dilunturkan
Y menjadi tanpa warna
Bromine water is added to alkene Y Brown colour is decolourized
Air bromin ditambah kepada Warna perang kekal
propana Brown colour remains
Bromine water is added to propane

Jadual 2.2 / Table 2.2

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan pemerhatian itu.

Explain why there is difference in these observations. [4M]

(ii) Jadual 2.3 menunjukkan keputusan ujian tentang penggumpalan getah

Table 2.3 shows results of latex coagulation.

Prosedur Pemerhatian
Procedure Observations
Asid propanoik ditambah kepada Susu getah menggumpal
susu getah dengan serta merta
Propanoic acid is added to latex Latex coagulations immediately
Susu getah dibiarkan pada keadaan Susu getah menggumpal
semulajadi dengan lambat
Latex is left under natural conditions Latex coagulations slowly

Jadual 2.3/ Table 2.3

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan pemerhatian itu.

Explain why there is a difference in these observations. [4M]

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Bahagian C
Section C

9(a) Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan penyediaan asid sulfurik secara industri melalui
Proses Sentuh.
Diagram 3.1 shows the waste product from a factory which affects the quality of
the environment.

Rajah 3.1 / Diagram 3.2

Berdasarkan Rajah 3.2, huraikan bagaimana bahan buangan ini menjejaskan

kualiti alam sekitar.
Based on Diagram 3.2, describe how the waste products affect the quality of the
environment.
Penerangan anda hendaklah meliputi aspek berikut:
Your description should include the following aspects:

 Punca
Source

 Proses
Process

 Kesan
Effect

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(c)
Sarah boleh membengkokkan dengan mudah gelang yang dibuat
daripada logam tulen tetapi tidak dapat membengkokkan gelang
emaknya yang diperbuat daripada aloi logam itu.
Sarah could easily bend her bangle which is made of pure metal but she
could not bend her mother’s bangle which is made of alloy.

Dengan menggunakan satu contoh yang sesuai huraikan eksperimen makmal

untuk menunjukkan sifat kekerasan aloi berbanding logam tulennya.
Terangkan perbezaan sifat kekerasan logam tulen itu dan aloi logam itu dari
segi susunan atom.
By using one suitable example, describe a laboratory experiment to show the
hardness of the alloy compared to its pure metal.
Explain the difference in hardness of the metal and its alloy in terms of atomic
arrangement. [10M]

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10. (a) Terangkan maksud tindak balas redoks dengan menggunakan satu
persamaan kimia
Explain what is meant by redox reaction using a chemical equation. [2M]

(b) Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan bagi dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji

kesan logam P dan logam Q terhadap pengaratan besi
Table 4 shows the result of two experiments to study the effects of metals P and
Q on the rusting of iron [8M]

Eksperimen/ Experiment Pemerhatian/ Observation

Tompok biru terbentuk dalam

agar-agar

Blue spots formed in the agar

Tompok merah jambu

terbentuk dalam agar-agar

Pink spots formed in the agar

Jadual 4/ Table 4

Terangkan mengapa terdapat perbezaan pemerhatian dalam Eksperimen I dan

Eksperimen II.
Explain why there is a difference in observation in Experiments I and II.

Susunkan secara menurun logam P, besi dan logam Q berdasarkan sifat

keelektropositifan logam
Arrange in descending order metals P, iron and Q based on the electropositivity
of the metals

(c) Anda dibekalkan dengan kepingan logam W, logam X, logam Y dan logam Z
serta larutan garam masing-masing. Huraikan bagaimana anda dapat
menunjukkan susunan logam itu dalam siri elektrokimia berdasarkan sifat
keelektropositifan secara menurun ialah W, X, Y dan Z. Huraian anda perlulah
mengandungi pemerhatian dan kesimpulan.
You are provided with strips of metals W, X, Y and Z and their salts solutions.
Describe how you would show that the order of these metals in the
electrochemical series is W, X, Y and Z in descending order of electropositivity.
your explanation should include observations and conclusions. [10M]

End Of Question

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