MODULE TITLE: PERFORMING BASIC NET WEAVING

Lesson 1: LO1: Prepare netting materials for net construction

NC I AND NC II
MODULE INTRODUCTION
This module covers the knowledge, skills, and desirable attitude that shall be developed to perform
basic net weaving. It includes the identification of tools and materials needed in weaving the net.

Content Standard:

The learners identify the tools and materials on net weaving.

Performance Standard:

*Learners will draw the tools and materials for net weaving.

Lesson 1: LO1: Prepare netting materials for Net construction

1.1 Identify the tools and materials in net weaving; and
1.2 Apply the procedure in net weaving.

What I know
Let us determine how much you already know about the tools and materials in net
weaving.

Take this test.

Pretest LO1

Direction: Multiple Choice. Select the best answer by encircling its letter and writing it on
your test booklet.

1. Which of the following is NOT an artificial fiber?

a. saran b. hizex c. ramie d. kuralon
2. What is the basic unit of a net material?
a. yarn b. fiber c. twine d. strand
3. Which of this is a single filament fiber?
a. split c. monofilament
b. continuous filament d. staple
4. Which fibers are from plastic tapes which are stretched during manufacturing?
a. split c. monofilament
b. staple d. continuous filament
5. Which of the following is a thinner filament of silk-like fibers having infinite length?
a. kapron b. saran c. pylen d. coulene
6. What type of fiber is commonly used for gill net?
a. polyethylene c. polyvinyl alcohol
b. polyester d. polyamide
7. Which of this is a natural fiber?
a. kuralon b. abaca c. pylen d. perlon
8. In net weaving, what is the tool used to keep the size of meshes of nettings uniform?
a. shuttle mesh c. mesh gauge
b. netting needle d. trimmer
9. Tetoron is an example of what synthetic fiber?
a. polyethylene c. polyester
b. polyamide d. polypropylene
10.Which of the following is an artificial fiber?
a. saran c. ramie
b. hemp d. cotton
WHATS NEW

Activity 1

Direction: Jumbled Letters

In this activity, try to arrange in order the following letters to form words which are related to net
weaving.
1. HEMS 6. NGLACI
2. ERTUTC 7. RESIFB
3. EMSH UGAEG 8. RNYA
4. ENTWI 9. NDSRTA
5. INGENTT EDENEL 10. NKULORA

What is It
Read the Information Sheet 1 very well then find out how much you can remember and how
much you learned by doing the next activity.

INTRODUCTION
This lesson deals with the identification of tools and classification of twine used in weaving a
net.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Tools are identified according to their use; and
2. Materials are classified in accordance with the prescribed specification.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Lacing joining net parts by passing twine to the mesh without

adding another mesh
Strand composed of three or more yarns twisted together, also
called as ‘ply’
Synthetic fibers are formed by combining the chemicals and alcohol to
produce plastic products
Yarn the second unit of twine; it is composed of fibers twisted
together
 INFORMATION SHEET 1

A net is made from different materials. The specifications of the net materials are
dependent on its purpose and uses, whether it is used for fishing gear or sports accessory gear.

Tools Used in Net Weaving

1. Shuttle mesh/ Netting needle

- it holds the twine which goes in

and out to make more meshes,
it is made from plastic, copper,
horn of animal and bamboo.

2. Mesh gauge

-it is used to keep the size of

meshes in uniform; this tool is
made from plastic and bamboo

3. Cutter/Trimmer

-it is used for cutting the twine

 Material Used in Net Weaving

Twine
It is a strong thread, string, or cord composed of two or more strands twisted together.

Fibers are the smallest unit of twine.

Parts of a Twine

Classification of Fibers

Fibers are generally classified into two: natural fibers and artificial or man-made fibers.
Natural fibers are taken from three sources such as: 1) minerals, 2) animals, and 3) vegetables.
Wire fibers are from the hair of a sheep, while the cotton, kapok, ramie, hemp, and abaca fibers are
from the bodies, fruits, and leaves of plants.

Man-made or artificial fibers are known as synthetic fibers. The following are examples of
synthetic fibers:

a. Polyvinyl Chloride PVC (Teviron)

b. Polyvinyl Alcohol PVA (Kuralon)
c. Polyamide PA (Nylon, Perlon, and Kapron)
d. Polyvinyliden Chloride PVD (Saran, Kureharon)
e. Polyester PES (Tetoron and Terelene)
f. Polypropylene PP (Pylen)
g. Polyethylene PE (Coulene, Hizex)
 Common Types and Forms of Synthetic Fibers

Synthetic fibers are manufactured in the following common forms and types.

1. Monofilament Fibers. These are the single filament fibers. An example of this fiber is
transparent polyamide PA (commercially known as nylon, perlon, kapron, amilan, and
rilisan). These are commonly used for gill nets, line fishing, and ropes.

2. Continuous Filament Fibers. These are thinner filaments of silk-like fibers having infinite
length. These fibers are formed to make filament yarn or thread. The yarns are gathered up
to form a strand. Examples of these fibers are polyamide, polyester, and polyvinyl chloride.

3. Staple Fibers. These fibers are usually prepared by cutting filaments into 40mm to 120mm
which are bound to form a yarn which has similar appearance to cotton yarns. The hairy
nature of the twine decreases the slippage of knots. An example of this yarn is polyvinyl
alcohol (kuralon).

4. Split Fibers. These fibers are from plastic tapes which are stretched during manufacturing.
The yarn made of these split fibers are similar to natural hard or bast fibers. Examples of
these fibers are polypropylene and polyethylene.

Common Uses of Synthetic Fibers in Fishing

The following synthetic fibers are commonly used in the different fishing gear:

1. Polyamide (Nylon). The continuous filament type of this fiber is commonly used for gill
net and seine net. This is used for seizing and lacing twine. The staple form fiber of this
kind is commonly used in trawl net-making and rope construction.

2. Polythylene (PE). This fiber is commonly used for rope construction and trawl net
making.

3. Polyester (Tetoron). This fiber is used in most purse seine, dip net, and small-scale set
nets use this kind of fiber long line fishing.

4. Polyvinyliden Chloride (Saran). This fiber is mostly used in large-scale set net.

5. Polyvinyl Alcohol (Vinylon). The continuous multi-filament fiber of this kind is mostly
used in dip net, purse seine net, small-scale set net, and gill net. The staple fiber type is
commonly used in purse seine, bottom trawl net, ropes, and long line gear construction.

The durability of the net is based on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the
netting materials used in the construction.
WHAT’S MORE

Activity 1. Matching Type

For numbers 1-5, match the pictures in column A from the given choices in column B
and for numbers 6-10 match the meaning of the words from column A to the choices in
column B.
Write the letter of your answers in your work sheet.

Column A Column B

a. Cutter/ trimmer
1.
b. Twine

c. Net

2.
d. Shuttle mesh/ Netting Needle

e. Mesh gauge

3. f. are formed by combining the chemicals and alcohol to

produce plastic products

g. joining net parts by passing twine to the mesh without

4.

adding another mesh

h. the second unit of twine; it is composed of fibers

5.
twisted together

i. composed of three or more yarns twisted together, also

called as ‘ply’
6. Lacing
7. Fibers j. are generally classified into two: natural fibers and
8. Yarn
9. Strand artificial or man-made fibers.
10. Synthetic fibers

Very Good! You have finished the activity excellently!

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Activity 1. Short Quiz. Write your answers on your worksheet.

Items 1-7: Fill in the blank

1. _____________ is a strong thread, string, or cord composed of two or more strands twisted
together.
2. Man-made or artificial fibers are known as__________________ synthetic fibers
3. ___________________ are the single filament fibers.
4. ______________________ is a fiber mostly used in large-scale set net.
5. _______________________ is a fiber commonly used for rope construction and trawl net
making.
6. ________________________ are fibers from plastic tapes which are stretched during
manufacturing.
7. ________________________ is used to keep the size of meshes in uniform.

Items 8-9 MULTIPLE CHOICE

8. Which of the following is the tool for cutting twines?

a. Mesh gauge c. cutter/ Trimmer
b. Twine d. netting needle
9. Which of the following is the tool that holds the twine which goes in and out to make more
meshes?
a. Mesh gauge c. cutter/ Trimmer
b. Twine d. netting needle
10-15. Enumeration (5 pts.) Give at least 5 examples of Synthetic Fibers

WHAT I CAN DO

Activity 1. Directions: Conduct an interview to a known fisherman in your barangay or community

and ask several questions using this chart or table below.

Questions:
1. Where is the best store in Coron to buy tools in net weaving with the cheapest price but
in good quality?
Answer*
2. Tools Price

 Mesh Gauge ____________?

 Netting Needle ____________?
 Cutter/ Trimmer ____________?
 Twine ____________?

What is the brand of the twine they are using to make a net for fishing?
Answer*
Name of Interviewee:

Rubrics
Students who completely fill up (3) questions 100
Students who fill up only (2) questions 90
Students who fill up only (1) question 80

ASSESSMENT
 Let’ check how much you have learned from the lesson. Take the quiz below.

Select the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in your test booklet.

1. Which of the following is NOT an artificial fiber?

a. saran c. ramie
b. hizex d. kuralon

2. What is the basic unit of a net material?

a. yarn c. twine
b. fiber d. strand

3. Which of the following is a single filament fiber?

a. split c. monofilament
b. continuous filament d. staple

4. Which fibers are from plastic tapes which are stretched during manufacturing?
a. split c. monofilament
b. staple d. continuous filament

5. These are thinner filaments of silk-like fibers having infinite length.

a. kapron c. pylen
b. saran d. coulene

6. What type of fiber is commonly used for gill net?

a. polyethylene c. polyvinyl alcohol
b. polyester d. polyamide

7. Which of the following is a natural fiber?

a. kuralon c. pylen
b. abaca d. perlon

8. In net weaving, what is the tool used to keep the size of meshes of nettings uniform?
a. shuttle mesh c. mesh gauge
b. netting needle d. trimmer

9. Tetoron is an example of what synthetic fibers?

a. polyethylene c. polyester
b. polyamide d. polypropylene

10.Which of the following is an artificial fiber?

a. saran c. ramie
b. hemp d. cotton

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Direction: Draw the images of the following in your work sheet. You will be graded as
follows.

1. Net Rubrics
2. Mesh gauge
3. Netting needle Workmanship 40%
4. Cutter/trimmer Neatness 60%
5. Twine
Total 100%

You have successfully finished the activity! Very Good!

Answer Key
Pretest LO1 What’s New What’s More What I Have Learned
1. b
2. c 1. Hem 1. E 1. Twine
3. a 2. Cutter 2. D 2. Synthetic fibers
4. a 3. Mesh gauge 3. A 3. Monofilament
5. d 4. Twine 4. C Fibers
6. b 5. Netting Needle 5. B 4. Polyvinyliden
7. c 6. Lacing 6. G
Chloride (Saran).
8. c 7. Fibers 7. J
8. Yarn 8. H 5. Polythylene (PE)
9. a
9. Strand 9. I 6. Split Fibers.
10.c
10. Kuralon 10. E 7. Mesh gauge
8. c. cutter/ Trimmer
9. d. netting needle
*Any of these following answers,
only 5…

1. Polyvinyl
Chloride PVC
(Teviron)
2. Polyvinyl Alcohol
PVA (Kuralon)
3. Polyamide PA
(Nylon, Perlon,
and Kapron)
4. Polyvinyliden
Chloride PVD
(Saran,
Kureharon)
5. Polyester PES
(Tetoron and
Terelene)
6. Polypropylene PP
(Pylen)
7. Polyethylene PE
(Coulene, Hizex)

Assessment Test

1. b
2. c
3. a
4. a
5. d
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. a
10.c
RESOURCES:

 Netting needle/Shuttle mesh

 Mesh gauge
 Twine
 Cutter/trimmer

REFERENCES:

 Handbook on Selected Philippine Fishing Gears and Methods, Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources (BFAR)
 Placea, Bernardino E. Principles of Fishing Gear
MODULE TITLE: PERFORMING BASIC NET WEAVING

Lesson 2: Apply the Procedure in Net Weaving

NC I AND NC II
MODULE INTRODUCTION

This module covers the knowledge, skills, and desirable attitude that shall be developed to
perform basic net weaving. It includes the identification of tools and materials needed in weaving
the net.

Content Standard:

The learners demonstrate understanding on the process of net weaving by creasing and baiting method.

Performance Standard:

* Learners demonstrate the weaving of net by creasing and baiting method.

Lesson 2: Apply the Procedure in Net Weaving

1.1Identify the tools and materials in net weaving; and
1.2 Apply the procedure in net weaving.

What I know
Let us determine how much you already know about the process in net weaving.

Take this test.

Pretest LO1

Direction: TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect. Write
your answers in your test booklet.

1. The mesh is the basic unit of a net.

2. There are two knots and four bars in a mesh.
3. Minow meshes are considered knotted knitting.
4. The knot used in making gill net construction is sheet bend.
5. Knotless netting is stronger than knotted nettings.
6. A trawlers net use knotless.
7. The chaining-out method of net weaving is the same as whole mesh method.
8. When weaving from another piece of netting, there is no need to use the mesh gauge.
9. Bating is the process of shaping nets by decreasing the number of meshes.
10.Doubling is the method of increasing the number of meshes while weaving a net.
WHATS NEW

Activity 1

Direction: Complete the Box

In this activity, try to think words which are related to net weaving, then fill up the empty boxes to
form a word. Use the table on the side for your clues, copy it on your worksheet then search the
words one by one and put a line on it to form the word which will be your answers to question 1-5.
Write your answers on your worksheet (2 pts. each)

1. N S H B N O L C B A R T
C T E D V B Y O Q E
2.
N N U I T L X V N R Y C
W T T G K N M M X V
3. A
X G I T L B E M P O
S K N O T S S T S H
4. T
D G G U O L H B V Q

5. F I K C T F H L B P
S

What is It
Read the Information Sheet 2 very well then find out how much you can remember and how
much you learned by doing the next activity

INTRODUCTION
This lesson deals with making nets by hand weaving. It includes the ways of starting net
weaving, methods of shaping, and correct applying of knots based on the type of twine used.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Knots in net weaving are correctly applied on the type of twine used.
2. Meshes are woven smoothly and are uniform in size.
3. Shape of net and number of meshes woven comply with the instructions given.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bar the twine in between two knots

Knots the interlacement of one or more twines to form a
lump
Net an interwoven twine or fabric with uniform meshes
Netting refers to the net proper; composed of any meshes
 INFORMATION SHEET 2

Net weaving is a process of transforming twine or fabric into nets. Net making can be done
either by hand or machine. In coastal areas where a knitting machine is not readily available, nets
are woven by hand.

The Mesh and its parts

The basic unit of a net is a mesh. A mesh is composed of four bars of fibers of equal parts
firmly knotted at the four corners. The said bars and knots are shared with an adjacent mesh;
therefore, knots and bars are between two adjacent meshes.

Generally speaking, nets can be constructed in two ways. These are the knotted mesh
construction and the knitted mesh construction. Knotted nettings are made of three types of knots.
These are the: 1) sheet bend, 2) double sheet bend, and 3) reef knots.

1. Sheet Bend. This knot is ideal for nets that are used for entangling nets and gill nets
construction because it provides firmness, slippage, and stretching movement in any
direction.
 2. Double Sheet Bend. This is a modification of sheet bend. It increases the capability of the
knot to prevent slippage and loosening.

Double Sheet Bend

3. Reef Knot. This type of knot is mostly used in ring nets and purse seines where the sinking
speed of the net is given importance because this type has lesser hydrodynamic resistance
compared to the sheet bend.

There are two types of knitted nettings: Knotless and Minow meshes.

1. Knotless Netting. The meshes of this type are made by twisting two strands and then
intertwined at certain interval to form a mesh without a knot. Knotless nets are stronger
than knotted conventional netting. The knotless nettings are widely used in purse seine
nets.
 2. Minow Meshes. These nettings are formed without knots, but the construction is done by
intertwining to produce square and small meshes. One disadvantage of this type is that the
meshes are very loose; however, this weakness is compensated by the small size of each
mesh. A good example of Minow netting is the mosquito screen.

Methods of Starting a Handmade Netting

There are four methods of starting a handmade netting. They are 1) chaining-out method, 2)
half-mesh method, 3) whole-mesh method, and 4) starting from another netting.

1. Chaining-out Method. With the use of the free end of the twine in the shuttle make a
whole mesh equal to the desired size by using the bowline knot. Then, hook the mesh to a
nail hanging halfway between the upper and lower height. Make chain meshes until the
desired number of meshes as width have been made. Take the chain of meshes and pass
this through the first row of individual meshes with a piece of string. From this chain of 1 ½
meshes, proceed to make the desired net.
2. Half-mesh Method. Take a piece of string and tie this to two nails with a convenient
distance from each other. With a needle, make a series of half meshes by clove hitches on the
string using a mesh gauge. After making the half meshes, weave to the bottom direction until
the desired depth of net is attained.

3. Whole-mesh Method. Tie a string between two nails and start making whole meshes using
two strands of extended twine for the upper half meshes and the twine in the needle for the
lower meshes.

4. Starting from Another Netting. Cut another piece of netting, then start weaving it.
Continue downward until the desired width of the net is attained.
 Shaping the Nets

Shaping nets by weaving can be achieved through various ways. Some of them are: 1)
creasing, 2) bating, 3) fly meshing, 4) doubling, and 5) combination shaping.

1. Creasing. This is the process of shaping nets by decreasing the number of meshes while
weaving. It may be done along the sides of the net called side creasing and in the middle of it
called inside creasing. Inside creasing can be done in two ways, namely: sliding creasing and
ordinary creasing.

2. Bating. This is the process of shaping nets by decreasing the number of meshes by taking
in 2 meshes instead of 1 mesh while weaving. It can be done on any of the sides of the net or
inside the net.

3. Fly Meshing. This is the process of decreasing the number of meshes while weaving and is
achieved by simply leaving out one mesh on one or both sides of the net.

4. Doubling. This is another method of subtracting meshes while weaving a net. It is done by
doubling the sides of the net as you come to them.

5. Combination shaping. This can be done by any combination either creasing, bating,
doubling, or fly meshing. Nets like lever nets, tennis nets, and volleyball nets are made by
combination of creasing, bating, or doubling.

Bati

In making handmade netting, the tools used are netting needle and mesh gauge are the tools
used. The netting needle holds the twine and the mesh gauge is used to keep the meshes of net
uniform.
WHAT’S MORE

Activity 1. Identification: Identify the names of the images shown below and write
your answers in your work sheet.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9.

10.

Very Good! You have finished the activity excellently!

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Activity 1. Short Quiz. Write your answers on your worksheet.

Test I: Fill in the blank

 1. ___________________ is a process of transforming twine or fabric into nets.
2. A _________ is composed of four bars of fibers of equal parts firmly knotted at the four
corners.
3. _____________________________ the meshes of this type are made by twisting two strands and
then intertwined at certain interval to form a mesh without a knot.
4. __________________ is the process of shaping nets by decreasing the number of meshes while
weaving.
5. ___________________ is another method of subtracting meshes while weaving a net. It is done
by doubling the sides of the net as you come to them.

Test II: Enumeration

6-8: (3) Types of knotted Netting

9-10: (2) Types of knitted Netting
11-14: (4) Methods of starting a handmade netting
15-20: (6) Examples of shaping nets as shown with images

WHAT I CAN DO

Activity 1. Directions: Perform the starting and shaping of weaving net as instructed to you.
NOTE!!! “Please be honest, try to do the task on your own, you may ask guidance
from your parents or others with knowledge but do not let them do the whole thing. It is yourself to
be assess if you really know how to weave a net. “

You will be assessed by the following criteria:

Rubrics
Workmanship 40%
Neatness 60%
Total 100%

ASSESSMENT

Let’ check how much you have learned from the lesson. Take the quiz below.

Direction: TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is incorrect. Write
your answers in your test booklet.
 1. The mesh is the basic unit of a net.
2. There are two knots and four bars in a mesh.
3. Minow meshes are considered knotted knitting.
4. The knot used in making gill net construction is sheet bend.
5. Knotless netting is stronger than knotted nettings.
6. A trawlers net use knotless.
7. The chaining-out method of net weaving is the same as whole mesh method.
8. When weaving from another piece of netting, there is no need to use the mesh gauge.
9. Bating is the process of shaping nets by decreasing the number of meshes.
10.Doubling is the method of increasing the number of meshes while weaving a net.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Direction: Try to look and ask some advice from a local fisherman in your place. Ask
them if they can make a net as what you did and instructed to you, then compare your work from
their work. Assess your self if you done a good work.

You have successfully finished the activity! Very Good!

Answer Key
Pretest LO1 What’s New What’s More What I Have
Learned
1. True
2. False 1. Knots 1. Sheet bend 1. Net Weaving
3. False 2. Netting 2. Reef Knot 2.Mesh
4. True 3. Bar 3. Knotless 3.Knotless
5. False 4. Net Netting Netting
6. False 5. Mesh 4. Double Sheet 4.Creasing
7. False Bend 5.Doubling
8. True H B N O L C B A R T 5. Minow Mesh 6-8
9. True 6. Bating  Sheet bend
C T E D V B Y O Q E
10.False 7. Fly Meshing  Double
U I T L X V N R Y C 8. Ordinary Sheet
W T T G K N M M X V Creasing  Bend
9. Sliding
X G I T L B E M P O  Reef Knots
Creasing
10. Slide 9-10
S K N O T S S T S H
Creasing  Knotless
D G G U O L H B V Q  Minow
F I K C T F H L B P

1. True Assessment Test

2. False
3. False
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. False
8. True
9. True
10. False
RESOURCES:

 Netting needle/Shuttle mesh

 Mesh gauge
 Twine
 Cutter/trimmer

REFERENCES:

 Handbook on Selected Philippine Fishing Gears and Methods, Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources (BFAR)
 Placea, Bernardino E. Principles of Fishing Gear