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    Review - Philippine Arch

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    iloilocity
    1. Architecture in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed through the bahay kubo style of dwellings, which used indigenous materials like bamboo, coconut trees, palm, cogon grass, and rattan. 2. The Ilocos province is known for the Vigan house style, which is characterized by sturdy brick, lime, and tile construction reflecting Ilocano culture. 3. The Aquilino Calixto house in Manila was built in the early 20th century without nails by painstakingly joining sections together.

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    Review - Philippine Arch

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    iloilocity
    91 views76 pages
    1. Architecture in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed through the bahay kubo style of dwellings, which used indigenous materials like bamboo, coconut trees, palm, cogon grass, and rattan. 2. The Ilocos province is known for the Vigan house style, which is characterized by sturdy brick, lime, and tile construction reflecting Ilocano culture. 3. The Aquilino Calixto house in Manila was built in the early 20th century without nails by painstakingly joining sections together.

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    Review - Philippine Arch

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    1. Architecture in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed through the bahay kubo style of dwellings, which used indigenous materials like bamboo, coconut trees, palm, cogon grass, and rattan. 2. The Ilocos province is known for the Vigan house style, which is characterized by sturdy brick, lime, and tile construction reflecting Ilocano culture. 3. The Aquilino Calixto house in Manila was built in the early 20th century without nails by painstakingly joining sections together.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    91 views76 pages

    Review - Philippine Arch

    Uploaded by

    iloilocity
    1. Architecture in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed through the bahay kubo style of dwellings, which used indigenous materials like bamboo, coconut trees, palm, cogon grass, and rattan. 2. The Ilocos province is known for the Vigan house style, which is characterized by sturdy brick, lime, and tile construction reflecting Ilocano culture. 3. The Aquilino Calixto house in Manila was built in the early 20th century without nails by painstakingly joining sections together.

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    INFLUENCES

    GEOGRAPHICAL
    The Philippines appears like a broken rosary of islands floating along the southeastern rim
    of
    Asia, North of Borneo and South of Japan. This
    strategic position makes our country the trade center of the Orient, citadel of Christianity
    and democracy in East Asia, and the melting pot of the world races and cultures. To sum it
    all this strategic position is responsible in the contribution of different architectural ideas
    which were used in our buildings.
    GEOLOGICAL
    The Philippines is rich in natural resources that are yet largely undeveloped as
    compared to
    other asian countries. Indigenous materials which was used in the pre-Spanish
    architecture
    such as bamboo, coconut trees, palm, cogon grass, rattan, nipa are still very
    abundant.

    In the llocos and Pangasinan towns are found the clay, which is used to manufacture sun
    dried and oven baked red bricks. This was introduced by the Spaniards in the 16th
    century.
    CLIMATIC
    The traditional classification of climate in the Philippines is based on many
    climatic types.

    standard TYPE:
    Two pronounced seasons:
    Dry -from November to April
    Wet-during the rest of the year
    ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER

    THE EARLY PERIOD OR PRE·SPANISH ERA (8TH·15TH CENTURY)

    Architectlure in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed in the bahay-kubo style of dwellings,
    which was cool and cozy and well adapted to tropical climate. Even before the Spanish
    colonial period, the Filipino lived in permanent homes and wore clothes and ornamental
    handicrafts. Their houses were constructed of wood, bamboo and leaves (nipa shingles).
    They were grouped into Barangays along river bank.
    "BAHAY KUBO"{cube house)
    Structures at this stage were built without nails, lashing of rattan or strip of
    bamboo were used.
    SPANISH ERA (16TH-19TH CENTURY)
    1521-18981

    The natives learned to work with brick and stone, and had to contend with
    the intricacies of the baroque and rococo.

    Ilocos Province - in the North

    The Vigan House


    The features of the Ilocos house are derived from the sturdier look and stronger
    construction
    of the whole house, a result of the llocano householder's character.
    Vigan House generally refers to Antillan design
    of brick, lime, and mortar with tile roofing and
    Phillipine hardwoods.
    Caida -spacious hall
    sala- reception
    Mamahen-betel nut chewor buyo
    bahay na bato- is a structure that meets the challenges of the Philippine landscape
    Ventanilla- window
    ANCESTRAL HOUSES OF NEGROS
    TUAZON HOUSE, arlegui St. Manila
    Built toward the end of the nineteenth century is an elegant structure of wood
    and brick. Entrance to the house is through tall massive wooden doors, whose
    panels are decorated with floral carvings. Light comes in through
    wrought-iron grilles overhead backed with glass panel.
    A brass knocker,
    shaped like a hand wearing a fob watch on its wrist, summons
    the caretaker
    from within.
    AQUILINO CALIXTO HOUSE (1920)
    Corner of Extremadura an.d Lepanto St. Manila
    This two-storey house is built without using nails: Its parts were pains
    takingly
    tenored and glued together, Section by Section.
    AMERICAN REGIME (BEGINNING OF 20TH CENTURY) '1905-1940's

    Neo-classic style (Americans up to 192D's)


    American rule and the beginning of the 20th century marked a new era in
    architecture in the Philippines.
    PRE-WAR MODERN INFLUENCE-(1930's-40's)

    This period of modern architecture in the Philippines began with Andres Luna de
    San
    Pedro, Juan Nakpil, Fernando Ocampo and Pablo Antonio, who like their Forbears of
    the Neo-classic period were products of Foreign education. Their

    During this period two schools of architecture were founded: The MAPUA Institute
    of
    Technology in 1925, and the school of Architecture of the University of Santo
    Tomas in
    1930. From these and from other schools that opened later came a new generation
    of architects
    who began a new chapter in the evolution of Filipino architecture.
    THE POST-WAR PERIOD (1945-1950) LIBERATION

    A revolt against the obsolete concepts in architecture started to shape in the


    reconstruction
    and rehabilitation that followed. A lack of thorough understanding on the part of
    the public, including most architects. regarding the correct interpretation of the new
    developing concept of contemporary architecture, resulted in the erection of
    architectural
    blunders in the early post war years. The urgent needs for building saw a rush of
    construction that revealed the hastiness and dire necessity made more grave by speed
    and constructions grew haphazardly without direction or control.
    PRESENT PHASE- 1960's to 1985

    Young architects, influenced by a fresh


    educational background from developing
    schools of thought are now gradually
    giving a logical approach to Philippine
    architecture,
    particularly in commercial and other
    private buildings.
    The design for the Folk Arts Theater (1974) originated in the simple concept
    of a sheltered
    plaza. The completed structure boasts a broad fascia with a single column-to-
    column span
    of 80 meters the largest single-span structure in the Philippines.
    Catholic Churches

    1) Hispanic Churches

    Catholic churches- spanish influence


    Materials- bricks, coral or river rock
    Ceilings- tin, woodor sawali
    Wall- thick wall
    Character- massive
    PAN AY CHURCH
    This awe-inspiring monument to a past Spanish grandeur in Pan-ay town is about 250 teet
    lor.g and 80 feet wide. The church has a five-storey belfry
    that shelters a huge antique bell surrounded with eight smaller bells. Shrouded with
    many
    enchanting tales, the huge bell holds a more fascinating truth: it was cas~ed from 76
    sacks of
    coins believed to have been contributed by citizens of Pan-ay. Its mammoth size holds a
    staggering record. It is seven feet in diameter and 10,400 kilograms in weight and is
    considered
    the biggest in the Philippines, if not in Southeast Asia.
    One of the landmarks that the visitor to Baguio, the 5,000 feet above-sea-level summer
    capital of the Philippines, cannot escape seeing is the Baguio Cathedral which is built
    on top
    of a hill overlooking most of the city.
    SAN SEBASTIAN CATHEDRAL
    Bacolod City
    Negroa Occidental
    Central Philippines

    Originally a church founded by Bishop Mariano


    Cuartero, O.P. Cornerstone laid 27 April
    1876.
    Like most churches in the Visayan islands
    (central Philippines) this church is built of
    stone in
    contrast to the churches in the llocos provinces
    in luzon island which are built mainly of
    bricks.
    b. Protestant Churches
    c. Iglesia ni Cristo Churches

    A highly original style, bristling with


    spires and centilevered canopies, has
    altered the
    skyline of the Philippines from North to
    South. Conceived by Architect Carlos
    Santos-Viola.
    Thank you for Listening!
    What material was used in Pre-Spanish
    Architecture?

    A. Raw Materials

    B. Native Materials

    C. Indigenous materials

    D. Manufactured Materials

    2
    Architecture in the Pre-Spanish era was expressed in
    the style of dwellings.

    A. sagrada

    B. Datus house

    C. Bahay kubo

    D. churches
    A. Church

    B. Vigan House

    C. Nipa Hut

    D. Datus House at Lanao


    Are derived from the sturdier look and stronger
    construction of the whole house, a result of the llocano
    householder's character.

    A. Ilocos House

    B. Bahay Kubo

    C. Datus House

    D. Church
    generally refers to Antillan design of brick, lime, and
    mortar with tile roofing and Phillipine hardwoods.

    A. Ilocos House

    B. Vigan House

    C. Ventanilla

    D. Bahay na bato
    It is a structure that meets the challenges of the
    Philippine landscape.

    A. Ancestral house

    B. Church

    C. Vigan House

    D. Bahay na Bato
    A. Vigan House

    B. Tuazon House

    C. Aquilino calixto house

    D. Old House
    This two-storey house is built without using nails, its parts
    were pains taxing tenured and glued together, Section by
    Section.

    A. Old House

    B. Tuazon House

    C. Vigan House

    D. Aquilino Calixto House


    American rule and the beginning of the 20th century
    marked a new era in architecture in the Philippines.

    A. Neo Classic Style

    B. Pre- Spanish Era

    C. American Era

    D. Pre- war
    This period of modern architecture in the Philippines
    began with Andres Luna de San Pedro, Juan Nakpil,
    Fernando Ocampo and Pablo Antonio.

    A. Pre- Historic style

    B. Neo Classic Style

    C. Pre War Modern Influence

    D. The Post War Period


    During this period two schools of architecture were founded:
    The MAPUA Institute of Technology in 1925, and the school
    of Architecture of the University of Santo Tomas in
    1930.

    A. Pre- Historic style

    B. Neo Classic Style

    C. Pre War Modern Influence

    D. The Post War Period


    In this period all workers started to construct a building
    with speed without direction and control.

    A. Post war period

    B. Pre War Period

    C. Pre spanish Style

    D. Neo Classic ctyle


    It was originated in the simple concept of a sheltered
    plaza and also called as the largest single-span
    structure in the Philippines.

    A. Gymnasium

    B. Cultural Complex

    C. Folk Arts Theatre

    D. Ampitheatre
    It was considered as the biggest church in the Philippines.

    A. Pan ay Church

    B. Miag-ao church

    C. Quiapo church

    D. Barasoin Church
    Originally this church was built in stone founded by
    Bishop Mariano Cuartero.

    A. San Sebastian Cathedral

    B. Fernando Ocampo Cathedral

    C. Baguio Cathedral

    D. Landmark
    A highly original style, bristling with spires and
    cantilevered canopies, has altered the skyline of the
    Philippines from North to South. Conceived by Architect
    Carlos Santos-Viola.

    A. Iglesia Ni Cristo Church

    B. Ocampo Cathedral

    C. San Sebastian church

    D. Protestant church
    Are the most striking part of the exterior of the
    torogan.

    A. Panolongs

    B. veranda

    C. Kusina

    D. Banggerajan
    It was a special table for Filipinos and this piece
    has fine inlay work.

    A. Mesa-Altar

    B. pamenggahan

    C. Baul

    D.Lamesa
    This fabrication with the use of clay was introduced by the
    Spaniards in the 16th century.

    A. oven baked red bricks

    B. brickworks

    C. Sun dried brick tiles

    D. None of the above


    The Philippines appears like a broken rosary of islands and this
    country is also known as the .

    A. trade center of the Orient

    B. citadel of Christianity

    C. Melting pot of the world culture

    D. All of the above

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