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Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm

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Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm

The concept of Ignatian pedagogy derives from the underlying principles, values, and
actions realized in the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the
Jesuits. During the Exercises, a retreatant (who is, in essence, a learner) is guided
through a process of reading, reflection, and prayer by a spiritual director (who is, in
essence, a teacher).

The director guides the retreatant through a series of sequenced activities that rely on
contemplation, repetition, and reflection as a process for deepening one's experience and
understanding of God (click the following link for more on Ignatian spirituality and the Spiritual
Exercises: link). The framework of Ignatian pedagogy, then, takes the general principles and
approach of the Ignatian Spiritual Exercises and translates them into a process for educational
practices more generally.

This section provides an Overview of Ignatian Pedagogy, as well as additional resources and
examples of Ignatian pedagogy in action.

For more resources on Ignatian pedagogy, please click here.

Ignatian Pedagogy - An Overview


Every faculty member at a Jesuit institution finds her own way to connect to her university's
particular mission. Whether or not this connection is rooted in shared religious belief, it is at least
minimally connected to the Jesuit commitment to the transformational power of education. This
commitment manifests itself in various ways, from community-based service learning to
addressing social justice issues in the classroom to cura personalis (Latin for "care of the whole
person") in our dealings with students.

One way faculty can connect to the larger mission of Jesuit education is to be intentional about
using the Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm to shape students' learning experiences. The five elements
of Ignatian pedagogy - context, experience, reflection, action, and evaluation - derive from
the underlying principles, values, and actions in St. Ignatius's Spiritual Exercises. They can
inform a course implicitly (e.g., in the instructor's orientation toward his students) or be used
explicitly to frame the course (e.g., in the course syllabus). Whether we call them "Ignatian" or
not, research on learning confirms that these are the conditions for learning.

Ultimately, the elements of Ignatian pedagogy offer a way of understanding how deep,
transformative learning occurs. The figure below offers a snapshot of how the process works:
All learning is . . .

Situated in a specific context.

Rooted in previous experience and the result of new learning experiences.

Dependent upon - and deepened by - reflection about those experiences.

Made meaningful when new knowledge is put into some kind of action.

Reinforced by explicit evaluation (and ultimately, self-evaluation) of those actions and the


degree to which learning has occurred.

Ultimately, these elements should be understood as representing a process, not a prescription,


for teaching. (Thanks to Michael Rozier, S.J., and Darina Sargeant, Ph.D., for this distinction.)
They function not as discrete segments or stages of a linear process, but as interdependent facets
of any deep learning experience.

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