GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )

UNIT 1
Getting Information and Making Generalizations

Not all the information we get from various sources stay long in our mind. There
are only a few that are retained in our long-term memory. Now, think about all
those pieces of information that we lost. When we fail to retain them, we have
no means of accessing them again. This is why it is important that we learn
how to process information, to take note of it, to organize it, and to make
generalizations from it.

In this unit, you will learn about gathering information as well as using
discourse markers, making generalizations, and evaluating materials, skills
that are important not just in academics but also in your everyday life.

Unit Objectives

In this unit, you should be able to:

● develop effective note-taking skills based on listening;
● evaluate the ideas presented in the material viewed, listened to, or read, and
● use textual aids in understanding Greek myths.

Lesson 1: Noting Important Information

Kofi Annan, a diplomat, said, “Knowledge is power. Information is liberating. Education is the premise of
progress, in every society, in every family.”

Since information is that important, we must make sure that we find ways and means to organize them for
future retrieval.

Essential Question: Why is it important to note information while we gather or hear them?

Kickstarter!

Your teacher will read this part aloud. Without looking at the passage, listen to your teacher and take down
notes while listening.

Life is never easy. Every day, we wake up and face a new day. We
face challenges, we do tasks, and we work. This is a cycle we do
over and over again. Sometimes, things may even feel stressful, and
we may feel like we are drowning and sinking into a sea of despair,
but we have to keep on fighting. Always remember: Life is never
easy, but it is always worth living. The despair, the hopelessness,
and the struggles are all a part of it. Without these, we would never
know what it was like to be happy. God, family, and friends are
MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA
GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )
some of the reasons to go on living. Make memories with them. Choose to be happy every single day. When
life gets tough, you just have to be tougher.

What are the important words you have taken note of? Without looking at the passage and only focusing on
the words you have taken down, could you recall the main points of the paragraph?

! Let’s Study!

Note-taking is the act or process of writing down information. Note-taking while listening is significantly
different from taking down notes while reading. These differences include the following:
NOTE-TAKING WHILE LISTENING NOTE-TAKING WHILE READING

You cannot pause the lecturer, speech, or It is easy to stop and reread something if needed.
discussion to go over information you have not
fully understood.
When you need to look up information, you have When you need to look up information, you can do
to make a note and look it up later on. so right away.

You cannot pause or stop the lecturer, speech, or You can read and take down notes at your own
discussion if you fall behind on taking down pace.
notes.

There are various methods that you may use for note-taking, some of which are the following:

a. Outlining – This involves illustrating the framework or development of ideas in the text. It uses
indention to denote the level of importance of information. This method is great for organizing ideas, but it
requires more thought and is not the best method to use if the lecture or listening text is too fast.

b. Mapping – This involves creating a graphic representation of the content of a lecture, discussion,
speech, or other texts. This method makes it easy to illustrate the connection between ideas.

c. Charting – This involves classifying information and noting them down in several columns. This
would be particularly helpful when the lecture format is distinct and the ideas discussed can be classified
into several categories. Once you have made the table and written the headings, you can just note down
information under each category.

d. Sentence method – This involves writing every new thought, fact, or detail on a separate line. This
would allow you to write much information down, but the connection or relationship between ideas will not
be readily apparent when you look at the notes you took down using this method.

Below are some tips that may help you out when you need to note down information while listening.

a. Be an active listener. Make a conscious effort not only to hear what the speaker is saying but also to
fully understand his or her message.

b. Be selective in noting down information. Do not write down everything you hear. Write down only
the most important points. You may also list down just the key words or phrases.

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )

c. Be as specific and as concrete as possible. Try to be as precise as you can in noting down details.
This would make the information easier to understand.

d. Be attentive to the speaker’s nonverbal cues. A speaker’s gestures, intonation, and even pauses
can signal important information.
e. Avoid distractions. If possible, sit up front or as near to the speaker as you can so that you can see
and hear him or her better. Focus on the information as you listen to it, and make it a point not to entertain
distractions.

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )
Lesson 2: Evaluating Materials

Not everything we hear or read is true. While some materials or texts state facts, some of them exist to
deceive us. This chapter will discuss how to evaluate materials.

Essential Question: Why should we evaluate materials?

Kickstarter! Study the ad below:

What is the ad about? Is it convincing? Who are its target audience? Share your answers with a partner.

Let’s Study!

Every time you think beyond what you have read, watched, or listened to, you are evaluating it. Evaluating
a material involves carefully studying and analyzing it in order to assess its worth or significance and to
form opinions, conclusions, and generalizations about it.

Below are the elements that affect the overall quality of a material:

a. Purpose – A reading, listening, or viewing material has a particular purpose or goal that it aims to
achieve. This purpose is met through the use of elements that make the material understandable to its
readers, listeners, or viewers. For example, a radio advertisement aims to persuade listeners to buy a
particular product or avail a certain service, while a news report on television may aim to simply inform
viewers of a particular current event.

b. Target audience – This refers to the particular group of people that the material is aimed at. The
target audience may be determined according to characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, and
economic status.

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )
c. Language – This refers to the words used in the material. A particular material may make use of the
following to appeal to readers, listeners, or viewers:

1. Sensory words – These are words that appeal to one’s sense of sight, taste, touch, smell, or
hearing. These make the material more interesting and appealing.

2. Paralanguage – This refers to the vocal features—such as volume, intonation, and pitch—
that accompany speech. The usage of these features add to the impact of the material—
particularly listening texts—as they can emphasize certain information.

3. Technical vocabulary – The use of jargon or technical vocabulary may add to the material’s
ability to convince the audience or to make the material seem more credible to the target
audience.

d. Organization – This refers to the way that the elements in the material are arranged. The
organization of the persuasive text may enhance its meaning or detract from it. Reading, listening, and
viewing materials may have one or more of the following elements:

1. Text – This refers to the words, either printed or spoken, used in the material. Often, a
material relies on text to convey its message to its audience.

2. Images – These refer to the pictures or illustrations that accompany reading or viewing
materials. The use of these enhances the meaning of the text and may help the audience
understand the material better.

3. Graphic organizers – Often used to supplement reading materials, graphic organizers refer
to the tables, graphs, charts, or diagrams that visually represent information.

The elements of a material are what you need to look at and evaluate. In evaluating a material, analyze
whether or not it was able to achieve its purpose, reach and appeal to its target audience, use appropriate
language, and effectively organize the elements in it.

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )

Lesson 3: Textual Aids in Understanding

Greek Myths

There are more than a hundred Greek gods and goddesses in different categories. Likewise, each
Greek god and goddess has a distinct characteristic and has his or her own story. Thus, it makes it
more complex to study Greek myths as a whole. In this lesson, you will learn how textual aids can
help readers understand and appreciate Greek mythology.

Essential Question: How do visual aids help in grasping a text?

Kickstarter! Share your answer to the questions below with a classmate.

What strategies do you employ when reading the following:

1. a story that has many characters of different families or groups to familiarize?
2. a story that has a plot with many twists and turns?
3. a story that has many characters with similar and different characteristics?

Let’s Study!

Aside from asking guide questions, there are other textual aids that will help you in identifying these
elements from the literary selections. These textual aids include the storyboard, family tree chart, and
character chart.

● The storyboard is used for highlighting key events in the story, which are important in
understanding the text. The events to be written in each storyboard panel should correspond
to the events in the story. In this way, the reader is focused only on the most important
events in the story.
Below is an example storyboard for “The Golden
Apple of Discord.”

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )

● The family tree chart helps the reader trace the connection or relationship between the
characters in the text. In using this, the reader may identify the motives of each character
based on his or her relationship with the other characters. (You may use the information in
Chapter 2 about the Olympian gods and goddesses when tracking their genealogy.)

➔ All the goddesses involved in the text are related to Zeus. Marked by broken lines, Athena,
Aphrodite, and Eris are all daughters of Zeus, whereas marked by a solid line, Hera is the wife
of Zeus and the mother of Eris. (This representation may vary based on how one interprets
the connection between the characters, and the chart’s appearance changes based on the
story’s characters.)

● The character chart is used to further understand the motives of each character. This chart contains
the characters’ attributes and behavior based on the story.

This chart can also be used to compare and contrast the characters. It is easier with myths
because the titles of the gods and goddesses also help show their characterization.

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )

LESSON OUTLINE in ENGLISH 10

1st Semi-Quarter

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs)

 Use information from news reports, speeches, informative talks, panel discussions, etc. in
everyday conversations and exchanges
 Determine the effect of textual aids like advance organizers, titles, non-linear illustrations,
etc. on the understanding of a text

MODULE
Lesson 1: Lesson 2: Lesson 3:
Getting Information Textual Aids in
and Making Evaluating Materials Understanding
Generalizations

LANGUAGE IN LITERATURE 10 (Book)/V-Smart

Lesson 1: Literature of the Ancient Near East: Pillars of Faith

Finding Relevant Interpreting a Story Using titles and Advance

Information and Making through a Painting p.23 Organizers As Aids to
Generalizations p.21 Understanding p.24

Lesson 2:Literature of Ancient Greece: Portraits of Courage and Heroism

Using Diagrams as Aids to Understanding p.57

MODULE SUBJECT TEACHER: MARY JOY S. GARMA

GRADE 10 | E N G L I S H ( 1 S T S e m i - Q u a r t e r )