8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

Python if else
Last Updated: 06-08-2020

There comes situations in real life when we need to make some decisions and based on
these decisions, we decide what should we do next. Similar situations arises in
programming also where we need to make some decisions and based on these decisions
we will execute the next block of code.

Decision making statements in programming languages decides the direction of ow of

program execution. Decision making statements available in python are:

if statement
if..else statements
nested if statements
if-elif ladder
Short Hand if statement
Short Hand if-else statement

if statement

if statement is the most simple decision making statement. It is used to decide whether a
certain statement or block of statements will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is
true then a block of statement is executed otherwise not.

Syntax:

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 1/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

if condition:
# Statements to execute if
# condition is true

Here, condition after evaluation will be either true or false. if statement accepts boolean
values – if the value is true then it will execute the block of statements below it otherwise
not. We can use condition with bracket ‘(‘ ‘)’ also.

As we know, python uses indentation to identify a block. So the block under an if statement
will be identi ed as shown in the below example:

if condition:
statement1
statement2

# Here if the condition is true, if block

# will consider only statement1 to be inside
# its block.

Flowchart:-

# python program to illustrate If statement

i = 10
if (i > 15):
print ("10 is less than 15")
print ("I am Not in if")

Output:

I use
We am cookies
Not in if you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
to ensure
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 2/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

As the condition present in the if statement is false. So, the block below the if statement is
not executed.

if- else

The if statement alone tells us that if a condition is true it will execute a block of statements
and if the condition is false it won’t. But what if we want to do something else if the
condition is false. Here comes the else statement. We can use the else statement with if
statement to execute a block of code when the condition is false.
Syntax:

if (condition):
# Executes this block if
# condition is true
else:
# Executes this block if
# condition is false

Flow Chart:-

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 3/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

# python program to illustrate If else statement

#!/usr/bin/python

i = 20;
if (i < 15):
print ("i is smaller than 15")
print ("i'm in if Block")
else:
print ("i is greater than 15")
print ("i'm in else Block")
print ("i'm not in if and not in else Block")

Output:

i is greater than 15
i'm in else Block
i'm not in if and not in else Block

The block of code following the else statement is executed as the condition present in the if
statement is false after call the statement which is not in block(without spaces).

nested-if

A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if statement. Nested if statements

means an if statement inside another if statement. Yes, Python allows us to nest if
statements within if statements. i.e, we can place an if statement inside another if
statement.

Syntax:

if (condition1):
# Executes when condition1 is true
if (condition2):
# Executes when condition2 is true
# if Block is end here
# if Block is end here

Flow chart:-

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 4/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

# python program to illustrate nested If statement

#!/usr/bin/python
i = 10
if (i == 10):
# First if statement
if (i < 15):
print ("i is smaller than 15")
# Nested - if statement
# Will only be executed if statement above
# it is true
if (i < 12):
print ("i is smaller than 12 too")
else:
print ("i is greater than 15")

Output:

i is smaller than 15
i is smaller than 12 too

if-elif-else ladder

Here, a user can decide among multiple options. The if statements are executed from the
top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement
associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the ladder is bypassed. If none of the
conditions is true, then the nal else statement will be executed.

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 5/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

Syntax:-

if (condition):
statement
elif (condition):
statement
.
.
else:
statement

Flow Chart:-

Example:-

# Python program to illustrate if-elif-else ladder

#!/usr/bin/python

i = 20
if (i == 10):
print ("i is 10")
elif (i == 15):
print ("i is 15")
elif (i == 20):
print ("i is 20")
else:
print
We use cookies("i is not
to ensure present")
you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 6/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

Output:

i is 20

Short Hand if statement

Whenever there is only a single statement to be executed inside the if block then shorthand
if can be used. The statement can be put on the same line as the if statement.
Syntax:

if condition: statement

Example:

# Python program to illustrate short hand if

i = 10
if i < 15: print("i is less than 15")

Output:

i is less than 15

Short Hand if-else statement

This can be used to write the if-else statements in a single line where there is only one
statement to be executed in both if and else block.

Syntax:

statement_when_True if condition else statement_when_False

Example:

# Python program to illustrate short hand if-else

i = 10
print(True) if i < 15 else print(False)

Output:

True

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 7/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

Recommended Posts:
Reusable piece of python functionality for wrapping arbitrary blocks of code : Python
Context Managers
Python - Read blob object in python using wand library
Important differences between Python 2.x and Python 3.x with examples
Python | Convert list to Python array
twitter-text-python (ttp) module - Python
Python | Index of Non-Zero elements in Python list
Python | Merge Python key values to list
Python | PRAW - Python Reddit API Wrapper
MySQL-Connector-Python module in Python
Reading Python File-Like Objects from C | Python
Python | Add Logging to Python Libraries
Python | Set 4 (Dictionary, Keywords in Python)
Python | Add Logging to a Python Script
Python | Sort Python Dictionaries by Key or Value
Python | Visualizing O(n) using Python
JavaScript vs Python : Can Python Overtop JavaScript by 2020?
set add() in python
C Vs Python
max() and min() in Python
Python Try Except

DevanshuAgarwal
Check out this Author's contributed articles.

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 8/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks

If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you can also write an article using
contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to contribute@geeksforgeeks.org. See
your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help other Geeks.

Please Improve this article if you nd anything incorrect by clicking on the "Improve Article"
button below.

Article Tags : Python python-basics

40

2
To-do Done
Based on 22 vote(s)

Feedback/ Suggest Improvement Improve Article

Please write to us at contribute@geeksforgeeks.org to report any issue with the above content.

Writing code in comment? Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, generate link and share the link here.

Load Comments

5th Floor, A-118,

Sector-136, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201305
feedback@geeksforgeeks.org

Company Learn
About Us Algorithms
We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Careers Data Structures Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy
Privacy Policy Languages
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 9/10
8/18/2020 Python if else - GeeksforGeeks
y y g g
Contact Us CS Subjects
Video Tutorials

Practice Contribute
Courses Write an Article
Company-wise Write Interview Experience
Topic-wise Internships
How to begin? Videos

@geeksforgeeks , Some rights reserved

We use cookies to ensure you have the best browsing experience on our website. By using our
Got It !
site, you acknowledge that you have read and understood our Cookie Policy & Privacy Policy

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-if-else/?ref=lbp 10/10