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    The Human Brain: Different Types of Glial

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    HelenJacconti
    The human brain weighs around three pounds on average and contains billions of neurons and glial cells. The largest part is the cerebrum, which makes up 85% of the brain's weight and contains four lobes involved in functions like movement, sensory processing, vision, and memory. Below the cerebrum sits the cerebellum, which controls movement, and in the core is the diencephalon containing structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus that regulate bodily processes. The brain stem at the base controls basic life functions and connects the brain to the spinal cord. Glial cells including oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes support neurons and perform roles like myelination and immune response

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    The Human Brain: Different Types of Glial

    Uploaded by

    HelenJacconti
    50 views2 pages
    The human brain weighs around three pounds on average and contains billions of neurons and glial cells. The largest part is the cerebrum, which makes up 85% of the brain's weight and contains four lobes involved in functions like movement, sensory processing, vision, and memory. Below the cerebrum sits the cerebellum, which controls movement, and in the core is the diencephalon containing structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus that regulate bodily processes. The brain stem at the base controls basic life functions and connects the brain to the spinal cord. Glial cells including oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes support neurons and perform roles like myelination and immune response

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    The human brain

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    The human brain weighs around three pounds on average and contains billions of neurons and glial cells. The largest part is the cerebrum, which makes up 85% of the brain's weight and contains four lobes involved in functions like movement, sensory processing, vision, and memory. Below the cerebrum sits the cerebellum, which controls movement, and in the core is the diencephalon containing structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus that regulate bodily processes. The brain stem at the base controls basic life functions and connects the brain to the spinal cord. Glial cells including oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes support neurons and perform roles like myelination and immune response

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    50 views2 pages

    The Human Brain: Different Types of Glial

    Uploaded by

    HelenJacconti
    The human brain weighs around three pounds on average and contains billions of neurons and glial cells. The largest part is the cerebrum, which makes up 85% of the brain's weight and contains four lobes involved in functions like movement, sensory processing, vision, and memory. Below the cerebrum sits the cerebellum, which controls movement, and in the core is the diencephalon containing structures like the thalamus and hypothalamus that regulate bodily processes. The brain stem at the base controls basic life functions and connects the brain to the spinal cord. Glial cells including oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes support neurons and perform roles like myelination and immune response

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    The human brain

     Weighing in at three pounds, on average, this spongy mass of


    fat and protein is made up of two overarching types of cells—
    called glia and neurons—and it contains many billions of each.
    Neurons are notable for their branch-like projections called
    axons and dendrites, which gather and transmit
    electrochemical signals. Different types of glial cells provide
    physical protection to neurons and help keep them, and the
    brain, healthy

    The Anatomy of the brain


     The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, accounting for 85
    percent of the organ's weight. The distinctive, deeply wrinkled
    outer surface is the cerebral cortex.
     The cerebrum has two halves, or hemispheres, that are further
    divided into four regions, or lobes. The frontal lobes, located
    behind the forehead, are involved with speech, thought,
    learning, emotion, and movement. Behind them are the parietal
    lobes, which process sensory information such as touch,
    temperature, and pain. At the rear of the brain are the occipital
    lobes, dealing with vision. Lastly, there are the temporal lobes,
    near the temples, which are involved with hearing and memory.
     The second-largest part of the brain is the cerebellum, which
    sits beneath the back of the cerebrum. It plays an important
    role in coordinating movement, posture, and balance.
     The third-largest part is the diencephalon, located in the core of
    the brain. A complex of structures roughly the size of an
    apricot, its two major sections are the thalamus and
    hypothalamus. The thalamus acts as a relay station for
    incoming nerve impulses from around the body that are then
    forwarded to the appropriate brain region for processing. The
    hypothalamus controls hormone secretions from the nearby
    pituitary gland. These hormones govern growth and instinctual
    behaviors, such as when a new mother starts to lactate. The
    hypothalamus is also important for keeping bodily processes
    like temperature, hunger, and thirst balanced.
     Seated at the organ's base, the brain stem controls reflexes and
    basic life functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood
    pressure. It also regulates when you feel sleepy or awake and
    connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord.
     Your brain has an amazing barrier which is semi-permable that
    prevents toxins, pathogens, and other harmeful substances.
    While at the same time allowing nutrients and oxygen to pass
    through. This barrier is made up of special tightly bound cells.
    This barrier is clled the blood-brain barrier.
     The structures within the brain are made up of about 100 billion neurons, as well as
    trillions of support cells called glia. Neurons may be the more important cells in the
    brain that relay messages about what you're thinking, feeling, or doing. But they
    couldn't do it without a little help from their friends, the glial cells.

     There are a few different types of glia in the brain: oligodendrocytes,


    microglia, and astrocytes. Each is needed to optimize brain function.

     Oligodendrocytes are specialized cells that wrap tightly around axons to form
    the myelin sheath. These cells speed up the electrical signals (action
    potentials) that travel down an axon. Without oligodendrocytes, an action
    potential would travel down an axon 30 times slower!

     Microglia are special immune cells found only in the brain that can detect
    damaged or unhealthy neurons. They eat foreign invaders (bacteria and
    viruses), then display the chewed up parts on their cell surface to signal for
    help.
     https://www.innerbody.com/image/nerv02.html this is
    a link for a page with an article about the brain it is very
    scientific.
     https://www.healthline.com/human-body-
    maps/brain#anatomy-and-function another link for a
    page about the brain also very scientific.

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