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    Sir William Herschell: Clariz Agullera

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    RJ Mel King Donggon
    1. Fingerprinting has a long history dating back to the 1850s when Sir William Herschel first used palm prints to identify individuals in India. Several other notable figures contributed to the development of fingerprint analysis and classification in the late 19th century, including Dr. Henry Faulds, Dr. Alphonese Bertillion, and Sir Francis Galton. 2. In the early 20th century, Juan Vucetich developed one of the first fingerprint classification systems and Edmund Locard wrote about the principles of identification from impressions. Sir Edward Richard Henry published an influential book on fingerprints that helped establish fingerprint analysis techniques used in many English-speaking countries. 3. Fingerprint analysis is based on the uniqueness of friction

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    Sir William Herschell: Clariz Agullera

    Uploaded by

    RJ Mel King Donggon
    108 views4 pages
    1. Fingerprinting has a long history dating back to the 1850s when Sir William Herschel first used palm prints to identify individuals in India. Several other notable figures contributed to the development of fingerprint analysis and classification in the late 19th century, including Dr. Henry Faulds, Dr. Alphonese Bertillion, and Sir Francis Galton. 2. In the early 20th century, Juan Vucetich developed one of the first fingerprint classification systems and Edmund Locard wrote about the principles of identification from impressions. Sir Edward Richard Henry published an influential book on fingerprints that helped establish fingerprint analysis techniques used in many English-speaking countries. 3. Fingerprint analysis is based on the uniqueness of friction

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    criminalistics part 2

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    1. Fingerprinting has a long history dating back to the 1850s when Sir William Herschel first used palm prints to identify individuals in India. Several other notable figures contributed to the development of fingerprint analysis and classification in the late 19th century, including Dr. Henry Faulds, Dr. Alphonese Bertillion, and Sir Francis Galton. 2. In the early 20th century, Juan Vucetich developed one of the first fingerprint classification systems and Edmund Locard wrote about the principles of identification from impressions. Sir Edward Richard Henry published an influential book on fingerprints that helped establish fingerprint analysis techniques used in many English-speaking countries. 3. Fingerprint analysis is based on the uniqueness of friction

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    108 views4 pages

    Sir William Herschell: Clariz Agullera

    Uploaded by

    RJ Mel King Donggon
    1. Fingerprinting has a long history dating back to the 1850s when Sir William Herschel first used palm prints to identify individuals in India. Several other notable figures contributed to the development of fingerprint analysis and classification in the late 19th century, including Dr. Henry Faulds, Dr. Alphonese Bertillion, and Sir Francis Galton. 2. In the early 20th century, Juan Vucetich developed one of the first fingerprint classification systems and Edmund Locard wrote about the principles of identification from impressions. Sir Edward Richard Henry published an influential book on fingerprints that helped establish fingerprint analysis techniques used in many English-speaking countries. 3. Fingerprint analysis is based on the uniqueness of friction

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    SIR WILLIAM HERSCHELL

    In 1858, he was In-charge of the Indian Civil Service of the Province of Bengal, India and first
    use palm print to record the identity of individuals officially and to check forgeries by the natives whom
    he had business dealings with. RAJYADHAR KONAI, a Road Contractor Impressed his finger and palm
    prints (known as Chiroscopy) at the back of the contract as sign of agreement.

    DR. HENRY FAULDS


    He was the Scottish Surgeon attached to the Tsukiji Hospital in Tokyo, Japan authored a book
    entitled Nature in 1880 focusing with latent prints found at the crime scene. He claimed that the
    impressions would provide positive identification of the offender when caught. The use of the printers
    ink and the inking of al fingers were attributed to him.

    DR. ALPHONESE BERTILLION


    He was the Chief of the identification Bureau in Paris introduced his anthropometric system
    based upon eleven (11) measurements of the human anatomy for identification purposes and adopted
    by the French Police in 1882.

    SIR FRANCIS GALTON


    He was British Anthropologist and Scientist and a cousin of scientist Charles Darwin, who
    divided the fingerprint patterns into Loops, Arches and Whorl or the LAW method. His greatest
    contribution to Dactyloscopy is the fact which he had proven, is the constancy of the ridges throughout
    life until decomposition sets in after death and the friction skin contains individual characteristics which
    he termed as Galton’s details. He wrote the book Finger Prints and published it in 1892. Galton’s system
    was combined with the methods of Bertillion so that after 1895, criminals were both fingerprinted and
    measured.

    JUAN VUCETICH
    He was a Criminologist and an Argentinean Police official who devised a system of classifying
    and filling of fingerprint cards and was used in most Spanish and Latin countries. His fingerprint
    collection was considered the largest of its kind in the world. His system was soon modified by Federico
    Clariz Agullera.

    THOMAS BEWICK
    He was an English Wood Engraver, Author and Naturalist who engraved the patterns of his own
    fingers on every woodcut he has finished to serve as his marks and establish its authority.

    SIR EDWARD RICHARD HENRY


    Father of Fingerprints
    He was a son of a Doctor and Inspector General of the Metropolitan Police Force in London,
    England who published the book Classification and Uses of Fingerprints. His system was officially
    adopted in July 1, 1901 in London and with some modification, is in general use in most English speaking
    countries today including the Philippine. But if credit has to be given where credit is due – Henry’s
    success was due to the active support of Bengal, India Police Officers
    1. Khan Bahadur Azizul &
    2. Bahadur Hem Chandra Bose
    EDMUND LOCARD
    Father of Poroscopy
    In his book La Pouve Judiciare Par Las Emprientes Dignitales, in 1914 at Lyons, France
    summarized the principles of identification from impressions referred to as Points of Identity.

    FINGERPRINTS & THIS FRICTION SKIN

    What is Dactyloscopy?
    It refers to the practical application of fingerprints (the identification, comparison &
    classification of finger patterns)

    Origin: The word Dactyloscopy was derived from two Greek words: Dactyl which means ‘’finger’’ and
    ‘’skopien’’ meaning study or ‘’to examine’’.

    What is Dactylograpy?
    It refers to the scientific study of fingerprints as a means of identification.

    What is Fingerprint?
    It is an impression designed by the ridges on the inside of the last joint of the finger or thumb on
    any smooth surf through the media of an ink, sweat or any reagents capable of producing visibility.

    THREE (3) MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATON

    The following are the three principles of fingerprint identification:


    1. Principle of Individuality
    It states that there are no two persons having the same fingerprints in all characteristics.

    2. Principle of Immutability
    This is also known as the Principles of Permanency or Constancy which states that once
    ridges of the fingers are developed, their general characteristics & arrangement do not change.
    The patterns are permanent throughout life.

    3. Principle of Infallibility
    It states that fingerprint is a reliable & positive means of Identification because of the two
    above principles. This is not be altered.

    Other Fields of Study Related to Dactyloscopy


    Below are the other fields of study related to Dactylocopy.
    1. Poroscopy
    It came from the Greek words Poros which means pores or holes. It is the scientific study of
    small opening on the surface of the skin commonly called as pores.

    2. Chairoscopy
    It came from the Greek words Cheir which means hand. It is a branch of science which deals
    with the study palm of the hand.
    3. Podocopy
    It came from the Greek words Podo which means foot. It focuses on the study of the soles
    of the feet.

    THE FRICTION SKIN & ITS COMPONENTS

    What is Friction Skin?


    It refers to an epidermal hairless skin found on the ventral or lower surface of the hands and feet
    covered with minute ridges and furrows & without pigment or coloring matters. It is called as papillary
    or epidermal ridges.

    COMPONENTS OF THE FRICTION SKIN


    The following are the main components of the friction skin:
    A. Ridge Surface
    It is the part of the friction skin that actually forms the fingerprint patterns & impression.

    A.1. Ridges
    These are the tiny elevation or hill like structures found on the epidermis layer of the skin
    containing sweat tiny openings or known as pores. It appears as black lines in an inked impression.

    A.2. Furrows
    These are the canal – like impressions or a depression found between the ridges which appear
    as white lines in an inked impression.

    B. Sweat Pores
    These are the small openings found anywhere across the ridge surface but is usually found
    near the center. These are sometimes called Islands which color white in plain impression.

    C. Sweat Ducts
    These are long – host like structures which serve as the passage ways for the sweat to exit at
    its hole, the pore

    D. Sweat Glands
    These are the glands responsible for the production of the sweat which can be found in the
    dermis layer of the skin.

    FUNDAMENTALS LAYERS OF THE FRICTION SKIN

    A. EPIDERMIS
    It is the outer most covering layer of the skin

    Two main layers of the Epidermis


    These are two (2) main layers of the skin, namely; the Stratum Corneum & Stratum Mocosum.
    The former refers to the outer layer of the skin while the latter refers to the layer immediately beneath
    the former.
    Five Subdivisions of the Stratum Corneum
    Below arethefive(5)subdivisionsoftheStratumCorneum:
    1. Corneus Layer
    2. Transparent Layer
    3. Granucar Layer
    4. Malphigian Layer &
    5. Generating Layer

    B. DERMIS
    This refers to the inner layer of the skin containing blood vessels, various glands and nerves. It is
    where the dermal papillae are found.

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