Unit5:Random processes spectral characteristics, Noise

1. The PSD of the random process X (t) with mean = I and

RXX ( ) = I + e  is

2
(a)   
2 2

2
(b) 1+   
2 2

2
(c)  ( ) +  
2 2

2
 (  0 ) +  2   2
(d)
Answer: C

b
2. The PSD of a random process whose auto correlation function is a e is
a
(a) a  
2 2

2ab
(b) a  
2 2

2a
(c) b(a   )
2 2

2a
(d) (a   )
22

Answer: B

4
3. The auto correlation function of a process with PSD of 1  0.25
2


(a) 4 . e

(b) e
2
(c) 4. e
(d) 1
Answer: C

4. PSD of a WSS is always

(a) negative
(b) non-negative
(c) positive
(d) can be negative or positive
 Answer: C

5. The mean square value of a random process whose auto correlation function is
  RC
e
4 RC

(a) 4

(b) 4RC

(c) 4RC

4RC
(d)
Answer: B

2
6. The random process X (t) and Y (t) are having their auto correlation functions as e
and e3 respectively. If they are orthogonal processes, then the mean X (t) + Y (t) is

(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 5
(d) 6
Answer: A

7. X(t) is a random process with mean 'k' and auto correlation function
RXX ( ) = 12 +4

e0.2 The variance of the random variable X (5) is

(a) (4  k )
2

(b) (4  k )
2

(c) 16  k
2

(4 +k )
(d) (4 -k )
Answer: C
 Jb
S XX ( )  a 
8. The cross spectral density of two random processes X (t) and Y (t) is k
the area enclosed by their auto correlation function is
a
(a) k (b) a
1
ka (d) a+ k
(c)
Answer: A

9. The auto correlation function of a WSS random process X (t) is

RXX ( ) = 4 + 2 . e0.2
The area enclosed by the PSD curve of X (t) is
(a) 6
(b)2
(c) 8
(d) 4
Answer: A

10. The means of two independent, WSS processes X (t) and Y (t) are 2 and 3 respectively.
Their cross spectral density is

(a) 6  ( )
(b) 12   ( )
(c) 5   ( )
(d)  ( )
Answer: B

11. For a periodic signal is used for the study of its spectral behaviour.
(a) Fourier series
(b) Fourier transform
(c) Z: transform
(d) none
Answer: A

12. For a non-periodic signal is used for the study of its spectral behaviour.
(a) Fourier series
(b) Fourier transform
(c) Z: transform
(d) none
Answer: B

13. Time average of auto correlation function and the power spectral density from a
(a) Fourier series pair
 (b) Fourier transform pair
(c) both
(d) none
Answer: B

14. A random process n (t) is called white noise if its power spectral density is______ over
the entire frequency range.
(a) non-uniform (b)uniform
(c) both (d) none Answer: B

15.
S XX ( ) = 0 if X (t) and Y (t) are
(a) orthogonal
(b) parallel
(c) vertical
(d) none
Answer: A

16. If X(t) and Y(t) are uncorrelated with mean values X and Y
S
then XX (w)=_____

(a) 2 X Y
(b) X Y  ( )
(c) 2 X Y (  )
(d) 2X Y ( )
Answer: D

17. The imaginary part of PSD is an ___Symmetry of”w”

(a) Even
(b) Odd
(c) Both
(d) none
Answer: B

18. Units for power spectral density is___

(a) Joule/Hz
(b) Joule-Hz
(c) Watts/Hz
(d) Watts-Hz
Answer: C
19. RXX ( )  S xx () this is called ___relation
(a) parseval’s
(b) Density function
(c) weiner khinchin
(d) none
Answer: D

20. The means of two independent .wss processes X(t) and Y(t)
are 2 and 3 respectively, their cross power spectral density
is
(a) 6  ( )
(b) 12   ( )
(c) 5   ( )
 ( )
(d)
Answer: B

21. The psd of a random process X ( t )= Acos( Bt +Y ) where Y is a uniform random variable over (0
2π) is [c]
π A2
a)
2
π A2 (
b) [δ w+ B )−δ ( w−B ) ]
2
π A2 (
c) [δ w+ B )+ δ ( w−B ) ]
2
π A2 (
d) [δ w−B )−δ ( w+ B ) ]
2
4
22. The auto correlation function of random process whose psd w2 is [d]
1+
4
a) e−2|τ|
b) 2 e−2|τ|
c) 3 e−2|τ|
d) 4 e−2|τ|
23. The power density spectrum of X T (t )= X (t ) for−T <t<T ; X T (t )=0 elsewhere is S XX ( w )=¿
[c]
∞ 2

a) 1 ∫ T
|X ( w )|
2 π −∞ 2 T
 ∞ 2

b)
|X T ( w )|
∫ dw
−∞ 2T
2
E {| X T ( w )| }
c) lim
T→∞ 2T
2
1 E {| X T ( w )| }
d) lim
2 π T →∞ 2T
24. The average power of the random process having psd S XX ( w ) is P XX = [b]
∞
a) ∫ S XX ( w ) dw
−∞
∞
1
b) ∫ S ( w ) dw
2 π −∞ XX
∞
c) 2 π ∫ S XX ( w ) dw
−∞
d) Zero

25. The average power of the periodic random process whose autocorrelation function is
−τ 2
R XX ( τ )=exp ⁡( 2 ) is [b]
2σ
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
16 w2
26. If S XX ( w )= , S YY ( w ) = and X(t) and Y(t) are zero mean U(t)=X(t)+Y(t), then
w2 +16 w 2+ 16
S XU ( w ) is [d]
w2
a)
w2 +16
w
b) 2
w +16
4w
c)
w2 +16
16
d) 2
w +16
27. If Y(t)=X(t)-X(t-a) is a random process and X(t) is a WSS process with a>0, a constant, the power
spectral density of Y(t) in terms of the corresponding quantities of X(t) is [d]
2 wa
a) S XX ( w ) sin ( )
2
2 wa
b) 2 S XX ( w ) sin ( )
2
2 wa
c) 3 S XX ( w ) sin ( )
2
2 wa
d) 4 S XX ( w ) sin ( )
2
28. The psd of a random process whose autocorrelation function is e−|τ |is [a]
6
a)
9+w 2
9
b)
6+w 2
3
c)
9+w 2
9
d)
3+w 2
29. The real and imaginary parts of S XX ( w ) is an ------ and ----- function of w respectively [c]
a) Odd, odd
b) Odd, even
c) Even, odd
d) Even, even
30. The mean square value of a WSS process equals [a]
a) The area under the graph of psd
b) The area under the graph of autocorrelation of process
c) Zero
d) Mean of the process

31. Thermal noise is given by _____________ watts

a) KT/B
b) KB/T
c) KTB
d) None

Answer: C

32. Thermal noise voltage is given by Vn=

(a) 4KTRB
 (b) KTRB
(c) KTB
4KTRB
(d)

Answer: D

33. Cosmic noise is caused by ___________

(a) Distant stars
(b) Lighting discharge
(c) Solar eruption
(d) None
Answer: A
34. The probability density function of thermal noise is
(a) poisson
(b) Bionomial
(c) Gaussion
(d) Uniform
Answer: C

35. Transistors are generally Free from ____________ Noise

(a) Partition
(b) Resistance
(c) Shot
(d) None
Answer: A
36. The power spectral density of thermal noise is.
(a) BT
(b) KT
(c) KB
(d) KTB
Answer: B

37. If the white noise is passed through a band pass filter the resultant noise at the output is called
_____ noise

(a) Thermal
(b) Narrow band
(c) White Band
(d) Industrial

Answer: B

38. The noise equivalent bandwidth B = _________

 (a) 1/4RC
(b) KT/R
(c) KB/R
(d) KTB/R
Answer: A

39. The equivalent noise temperature Te = ___________

(a) KT0
(b) FT0
(c) FT0/K
(d) (F-1)T0
Answer: D

40. If the overall noise factor is expressed in decibels then the restaurant function is called as noise
____
(a) Element
(b) Ratio
(c) Amplifier
(d)Figure
Answer: D

41. The noise temperature of parallel combination of two resistors R 1 = R2 =R operating at noise
temperature T1 and T2 respectively is
(a) T1 + T2
(b) (T1 + T2)2
(c) (T1 + T2)/2
(d) T1 . T2 Answer: C

42. A system is said to be LTI system if it holds ______________ [c]

(a) Principle of superposition
(b) Principle of homogeneity
(c) Both
(d) None

43. . A channel is noiseless if H(X/Y) is

a) 1
b) 0
c) H(X)
d) H(Y)
Answer: B
44. An amplifier has a standard spot noise figure = 6.31, find the effective input noise temperature.
a) 15000k
b) 12000k
 c) 16400k
d) 15400k
Answer: A
45. . The expression for narrow band noise is _________
a) ns(t) cos 2∏fct – nc(t) sin 2∏fct
b) ns(t) sin 2∏fct – nc(t) cos 2∏fct
c) nc(t) cos 2∏fct + ns(t) sin 2∏fct
d) nc(t) sin 2∏fct – ns(t) cos 2∏fct
Answer: C

46. . One of the following is an external noise .

a) shot noise
b) partition noise
c) atmospheric noise
d) flicker noise
Answer: D

47. Solar and cosmic noise are also called as ___Noise

a) shot noise
b) partition noise
c) Extra terrestrial noise
d) flicker noise
Answer: C

48. One of the following is an internal noise

a) shot noise b) partition noise
c) atmospheric noise d) flicker noise
Answer: A

49. Transistors are generally free from __noise

a) shot noise
b) partition noise
c) atmospheric noise
d) flicker noise
Answer: B

50. Pick odd one out

a)Cosmic noise
b) Galactic noise
c) atmospheric noise
d) polar noise
Answer: C

51. When a noise is mixed with a sinusoid, the amplitude and psd of the resulting noise component
 Becomes--------of the original respectively [d]
a) Same as that of the original
b) Half and half
c) Half and one third
d) Half and one fourth
52. Let n(t) be the narrow band representation of noise where n ( t )=n c ( t ) cos ( wc t ) −ns ( t ) sin ( wc t )
.Let P1 , P2 , P 3 be powers of n ( t ) , n c ( t ) , n s ( t ) respectively, Then [c ]
a) P1=2 P2=3 P3
b) P1=P2 /2=P3 /3
c) P1=P2=P 3
d) 3 P1=2 P2=P3
53.