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LEARNING MODULE
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING
PROGRAM

Module 2:
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING

Prepared by:

CHRISTIAN JAY R. MARCOS

Instructor

christianjaymarcos@yahoo.com
cjaymarcos1997@gmail.com

+639954062927

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COURSE DESCRIPTION:

The National Service Training Program is based on Republic Act 9163 or the National Service Training
Program Act which was signed into law in 2001. This program seeks to promote civic consciousness among
the youth” and develop “their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being.” It also inculcates in
the youth “patriotism, nationalism and advance their involvement in public and civic affairs”.

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

By the end of the course, you should be able to:

1. Develop and promote civic consciousness, enhance the intellectual, physical, moral, spiritual, and
social being.
2. Apply the ideals of patriotism and nationalism and advance your involvement in public and civic affairs.
3. Demonstrate the respect for the rights of civilians and adhere to the constitution.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

 Class attendance
 Quizzes
 Class participation
 Major examinations
 Case studies
 Reports
 Assignments & Activities

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

This module contains several lessons. Instruction are explained with activities and examples.
Understand and internalize the learning outcomes. Read well the contents of each lesson. A strategy is used to
let you learn and improve your learning ability and to develop your higher order thinking skills. At the end of
each module, there is an assessment/examination. The assessment/examinations will be uploaded in your
respective group chat, together with the deadline of submission. Understand and answer it as directed.

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COURSE CONTENT:

I. DCCP Mission, Vision, and Objectives

II. The NSTP Law

a. Higher Education Act of 1994 (RA 7722)
b. The National Service Training Program (RA 9163)

III. Citizenship Training

a. Philippine Constitution
b. Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines (RA 8491)

IV. Filipino Characteristics

a. The Filipino Value System
b. Other Strengths of Filipino Character
c. Other Weaknesses of Filipino Character

V. Filipino Citizenship Values

V. National Security
a) Human Security and National Security
b) National Security and the NSTP
c) Role of Youth in National Security

VI. Environmental Awareness

a) Philippines and the Environment
b) Climate Change
c) NSTP and the Environment

VI. Environmental Protection

a. Seven Environmental Principles
b. Important Environmental Laws

VI. Disaster Awareness, Preparedness and Management

a. NSTP and Disaster Awareness, Preparedness and Management
b. Youth’s Contribution in Disaster Management

VII. Disaster Preparedness Hands-on Training

VII. Substance Abuse Education

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TOPIC I
CITIZENSHIP TRAINING

Learning Outcomes:
1. Enumerate and understand the Philippine Constitutions
2. Interpret and internalize the meaning of the preamble
3. Discuss the bill the bill of rights
4. Know the different duties and responsibilities of Filipino Citizens
5. Understand Republic Act 8491 or the Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines

CONSTITUTIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES

Since June 12, 1898, Proclamation of Independence, there have been a total of six (6) Philippine
Constitution. Below is the evolution of the constitution:

1. Malolos Constitution (1898 – 1901) – First Philippine Constitution; First republican constitution in Asia

2. Philippine Organic Act of 1902 & Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 (1902 – 1935) - The Phil. Organic
Act of 1902 provided a Philippine Assembly composed of Filipino citizen while the Phil. Autonomy Act
of 1916 included the first pledge of Philippine Independence.

3. Commonwealth and Third Republic/1935 Constitution (1935 – 1943 & 1945 – 1972) – The United
States Congress in 1934 passed the Philippine Independence Act that paved way to the creation of a
constitution for the Philippines. Through the 1934 Constitutional Convention, a draft of the Constitution
for the Philippines was produced. It was ratified through a national plebiscite on May 14, 1935. In
November 15, 1935 with the inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the constitution was
fully implemented and enforced. Part of its provision states that the said constitution will remain in effect
once independence was declared on July 4, 1946. In 1940, the National Assembly of the Philippines
amended the constitution from having a unicameral assembly to a bicameral congress and changing
the term limit of the president from six (6) years with no re-election to four (4) years with a possibility of
re-election for a second term. In 1945, the constitution was again observed with the liberation of the
country.

4. Japanese-Sponsored Republic/Second Republic/1943 Constitution (1943 – 1945) – The Japanese-

sponsored government nullified the constitution during the World War II. The government created a
Preparatory Committee on Philippine Independence to replace the constitution. The new constitution
was used by the administration under President Jose P. Laurel.

5. Martial Law Constitution/1973 Constitution (1973 – 1986) – During the regime of President Ferdinand
Marcos, a Constitutional Convention was formed to amend the 1935 Constitution. Through the
Presidential Decree No. 86, s. 1972 – creation of a citizen assembly to ratify a drafted constitution by
means of a Viva Voce in place of secret ballots, President Marcos announced the ratification and its

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effectivity on January 17, 1973. Although there were several oppositions to its ratification, the 1973
Constitution was deemed valid and was enforced.

6. Freedom Constitution/1987 Constitution (1987 – Present) – After Martial Law and the democracy was
restored, President Corazon Aquino issued the suspension of several provision in the 1973 Constitution
and promulgated a transitory constitution through Proclamation No. 3. The Constitutional Commission
was created by Proclamation No. 9, s. 1986 and was tasked to write a new charter to replace the
previous Constitution. The National Plebiscite for the new Constitution was held on February 2, 1987.
Then, on February 11, 1987, by virtue of Proclamation No. 58 the new constitution was ratified.

PREAMBLE

We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence
and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

BILL OF RIGHTS

SEC.1 No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person
be denied the equal protection of the laws.

SEC. 2 The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable
searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or
warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after
examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly
describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.

SEC. 3
1. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful order of the
court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law.
2. Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for any purpose
in any proceeding.

SEC. 4 No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of
the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances.

SEC. 5 No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

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The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference,
shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or political rights.
SEC. 6 The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired
except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired except in the interest of
national security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by law.

SEC. 7 The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to
official records, and to documents, and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as
to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to
such limitations as may be provided by law.

SEC. 8 The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions,
associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged.

SEC. 9 Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

SEC. 10 No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed.

SEC. 11 Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied
to any person by reason of poverty.

SEC. 12
1. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of
his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of his own choice.
If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights cannot
be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel.
2. No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which vitiate the free will shall be
used against him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention
are prohibited.
3. Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in
evidence against him.
4. The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions of violations of this section as well as compensation
to and rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their families.

SEC. 13 All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of
guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient securities, or be released on recognizance as
may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas
corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required.

SEC. 14
1. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.

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2. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and
shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the
accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face,
and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence
in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the
accused provided that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.

SEC. 15 The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or
rebellion when the public safety requires it.

SEC. 16 All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial,
or administrative bodies.

SEC. 17 No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

SEC. 18
1. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations.
2. No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted.

SEC. 19
1. Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither
shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress
hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.
2. The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee
or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with
by law.

SEC. 20 No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax.

SEC. 21 No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished by
a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for the
same act.

SEC. 22 No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted.

DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF FILIPINO CITIZEN

1. It is the duty of every Filipino to respect, honor and give due accord to his Filipino heritage, patrimony,
values and tradition.

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2. It is the duty of every Filipino to contribute to the development, welfare and nation-building of its
country.

3. It is the duty of every Filipino to engage in gainful work to assure himself and his family a life of worthy
of human dignity.

4. Loyalty to the federal republic and national consciousness, aspirations and ideals shall be asked from
every Filipino citizen.

5. Every Filipino citizen is asked to uphold this Constitution, obey the laws of the land, pay taxes and
duties, and to cooperate with the duly constituted authorities in the attainment and preservation of a just
and orderly society.

6. Every Filipino citizen must give due honor to the Philippine flag, National Anthem, Philippine President
and other national symbols and emblems.

7. It is the duty of very Filipino citizen to defend the national territory from aggressive invaders, protect the
sovereignty of its people, and preserve the continuity of a just, human society and government.

8. It is the duty of every Filipino to report to the proper authorities all plots of terrorism, plans of rebellion,
subversion, or insurrection toward the duly and legally acknowledge government, and other acts that
will compromise the union and sovereignty of the federal republic.

9. It is the obligation of every Filipino, to report corrupt, dishonest or fraudulent government officials to the
proper forum, courts and agencies. A Filipino shall not tempt or bribe government officials, steal from
the coffers of the government, or escape or abandon his lawful responsibilities.

10. It is the responsibilities of every Filipino to elect officials of government as a means of demonstrating
his personal ideas and aspirations for the motherland. Omission or abstention from this responsibility
may indicate a person’s renunciation of his rights of suffrage. No fine or inappropriate or excessive
penalty shall be asked from him as reparation for his choice not to vote. People, who lost their social
right of suffrage, may reclaim such rights accordance of law.

REPUBLIC ACT 8491 – FLAG HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

For the implementation of the Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines, the NSTP should be guided with
the following provisions:

SEC. 2 States that it is the policy of the state to prescribe the Code of the National Flag, Anthem, Motto, Coat-
of-Arms and other Heraldic Items and Devices of the Philippines, ensure the promotion and implementation of
its corresponding rules and regulations, and adopt effective administrative, regulatory, coordinative and

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supervisory programs and activities, where appropriate, in conformity with national government policies.

SEC. 4 The Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines will promote or sustain reverence and respect for the flag,
the anthem and other national symbols, and those which symbolizes the national ideals and traditions

A. HALF-MAST

SEC. 27 The National Flag should be at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all the buildings and places where
it is displayed on the official day of announcement of the death of the following officials:

a. The President or former President (10 days);

b. The Vice-President, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the President of the Senate and the
Speaker of the House of Representatives (7 days);
c. Cabinet Secretaries, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, Members of the Senate and House of
Representatives, the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Director-General of
the Philippine National Police (5 days);
d. Head of National Government Agencies, including Government Owned and Control Corporations and
Government Financial Institutions (3 days)
e. The Commanding Generals of the Philippine Air Force and the Philippine Army and the Flag Officer in
Command of the Philippine Navy (3 days)
f. Governors, Vice-Governors, city and municipal Mayor, city and municipal Vice- Mayors (3 days)
g. Members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, Sangguniang Panlungsod and Sangguniang Bayan (on
the day of interment)
h. Barangay Chairmen and Barangay Councilmen on the day of interment
i. Former National or Local Government Officials, appointive or elective
j. Regional Directors, Superintendents, Supervisors, Principals, Teachers and other school officials

During calamities and disasters, National Flag shall also be flown at half-mast.

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RULE: The flag must be raised to the top of the pole before it is lowered to the half-mast position; and before it
is lowered for the day it must be raised to the top again.

Image courtesy of Gov.ph

B. CASKET

SEC. 28 The National Flag may be used to cover the caskets of the dead honored men (military, veterans of
previous wars, National Artists and other civilians) who rendered noble service to our nation. It should not
touch the ground but must be folded solemnly and handed it to the heirs of the deceased. No object must be
placed on top of it except for the religious objects that symbolizes “God above the country”.

RULE When positioning the flag, the white triangle must be at the head of the casket while the blue field must
cover the right side. To prevent the flag from falling off, a black band may be wrapped along the side of the
casket.

Image courtesy of Gov.ph

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C. PLEDGE TO THE NATIONAL FLAG

SEC. 29 The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the National Flag:

Panunumpa ng Katapatan sa Watawat ng Pilipinas

Ako ay Pilipino
Buong Katapatang nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas
At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may dangal, Katarungan at Kalayaan
Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos
Maka-Tao Makakalikasan at Makabansa.

This pledge should be recited right after singing the National Anthem with right palm open and shoulder raised
high.

D. PROHIBITED ACTS

SEC. 39 It is prohibited:

a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample on, cast contempt, or commit any act or omission casting dishonor
or ridicule upon the National Flag or over its surface;
b. To dip the National Flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute;
c. To use National Flag
a. As drapery, festoon, tablecloth;
b. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects;
c. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles;
d. As a staff or whip;
d. To display the National Flag:
a. Under any painting or picture;
b. Horizontally. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely;
c. Below any platform; or
d. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places of vice or
where frivolity prevails.
e. To wear the National Flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform;
f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisement, or imprint of any nature on the
National Flag;
g. To print, paint or attach representation of the National Flag on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, and
articles of merchandise;
h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic establishments, and in
offices of international organizations;

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i. To use or display or be part of any advertisement or infomercial; and

j. To display the National Flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens.

E. NATIONAL ANTHEM

SEC. 40 -41 The National Anthem should be interpreted in accordance with the musical arrangement and
composition of Julian Felipe with its original lyrics and tempo.

LUPANG HINIRANG

Bayang Magiliw Perlas ng Silanganan, Alab ng puso

Sa Dibdib mo’y buhay.
Lupang Hinirang Duyan ka ng magiting, Sa manlulupig.
Di ka pasisiil.
Sa dagat at bundok,
Sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,
May dilag ang tula
At awit sa paglayang minamahal.
Ang kislap ng watawat mo’y Tagumpay na nagniningning Ang bituin at araw niya, Kailan pa may di magdidilim.
Lupa ng araw, ng luwalhati’t pagsinta, Buhay ay langit sa piling mo,
Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi, Ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo.

F. NATIONAL MOTTO

SEC. 45 The Philippine National Motto is “Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa”

G. NATIONAL COAT-OF-ARMS (SAGISAG NG PILIPINAS)

SEC. 46 The National Coat-of-Arms shall have: Paleways of two (2) pieces, azure and gules; a chief argent
studded with three (3) mullets equidistant from each other; and, in point of honor, ovoid argent over all the sun
rayonnant with eight minor and lesser rays. Beneath shall be the scroll with the words “REPUBLIKA NG
PILIPINAS,” inscribed thereon.

The eight-rayed sun symbolizes the eight provinces (Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Manila, Laguna, Nueva Ecija,
Pampanga and Tarlac) which were placed under martial law by Governor-General Ramón Blanco during the
Philippine Revolution, and the three five-pointed stars representing the three primary geographic regions of
Luzon, Visayas, and
Mindanao.

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H. THE GREAT SEAL

The Great Seal should be in circular form with the same descriptions with the National Coat-of-Arms but
without the scroll and the inscription “Republika ng Pilipinas”. It should be surrounded by a double marginal
circle which “Republika ng Pilipinas” should appear. The Great Seal should also bear the National Motto.

I. PENALTIES

Failure or refusal to adhere to the provisions of this act, and/or any violations of these Rules shall be penalized
as stipulated in R.A. 8491.

REFERENCE:

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/01/23/republic-act-no-8194/
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitutiom-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/the-
1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-iii/
https://www.officialgazete.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitutions-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/the-
republic-of-the-philippines-preamble/

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