An Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in The Fault in Our: Stars Movie Script

Jurnal JOEPALLT
Vol. Ed. Volume 7 Nomer 01 Maret 2019

ISSN 2338-3739 (Print)
ISSN 2614-8099 (online)
https://jurnal.unsur.ac.id/jeopallt
Author: Febi Rosella Wijaya and Jauhar Helmie
AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE FAULT IN OUR

STARS MOVIE SCRIPT
by:
Febi Rosella Wijaya1 Jauhar Helmie2

Suryakancana University
febirosellawijaya@gmail.com1 Jauharhelmie@unsur.ac.id2
ABSTRACT
Pragmatics is branch of linguistics studies that attracts the writer to learn more about it.
This study aims to identify the directive speech acts performed in “The Fault in Our Stars”
movie script. Moreover, this study investigated how often the direct speech acts performed
and which type of directive speech acts that are most frequently used in the movie script.
The writer uses qualitative research method by collecting data from read the movie script,
analyzing the dialogues of each characters, watch the movie and read the library research.
A total of 40 directive speech acts were successfully identified. The result of analysis
shows that the illocutionary acts with directive speech acts of suggest is the most
frequently in the movie script (3, 50%). The least frequently used locutionary with the
directive speech acts of order in the movie script (0, 0%). This study is expected to give
some useful insights in understanding what directive speech acts is. The writer hopes
people can not only produce speech acts in their daily activities, but also understand why
and how people react or response directive speech acts.
Keywords: Directive speech acts, movie script, dialogues, qualitative.
Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Journal of English Pedagogy, Linguistics, Literature, and Teaching.
Jurnal JOEPALLT
INTRODUCTION
Language is a system, language is communication tools which built from the

customs that are closely related to the place is located. People from different customs may
speak different dialect or language. Every country or region has a different cultural which
has influences to the language in that country or region. According to Halliday (1973),
stated the purpose of language functions are instrumental function, regulatory function,
representation function, the function of interaction, private function, heuristic function,
and imaginative function.
In communication, we need partner or hearer to make our communication

efficiently. Speaker and hearer usually use the same language to communicate so the
message can get across easily. But in some communication case, the speaker could not get
their message across due to a different cultural or divergences. Divergences may result the
hearer get misunderstanding of what the speaker is talking about. Moreover, the message
that may not deliver to be easily. Based on the case, it’s possible to learn speech acts, so
we can implement them in the daily social interaction of our life. Moreover, speech acts is
the part of pragmatics.
Speech act refers to utterance and speech acts are the basic or the minimal units of
linguistics communication. The study investigated the use of directive speech acts in the
movie script. The movie script entitled The Fault in Our Stars by Josh Boone. The
following research of the study are; How to analyze locutionary acts in The Fault in Our
Stars movie script? How to analyze illocutionary acts in The Fault in Our Stars movie
script? How to analyze perlocutionary acts in The Fault in Our Stars movie script?
The aims of the study are; to make the reader understand more about directive
speech acts, the reader also can learn about words and utterances. The reader can learn
about speech acts by observing literary work, such as poem, movie, magazine, newspaper,
and movie script, and the writer hopes the reader is not only can read or analyze the
directive speech acts in the literary work, but also can make a literary work by using
speech acts as the element.

Jurnal JOEPALLT
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS
There are some theories underpinning this resume. Most of them are related to
pragmatics, speech acts, speech acts classification, and definition of script. Each of them is
explained below.
a. Definition of Pragmatics
People cannot really understand the nature of a language unless they understand
how it is used in communication. It is important for people to understand language
because it always expresses ideas, thought, feelings, and the speaker’s intention. One
branches of linguistics which studies language as being used is called pragmatics.
According to Yule (1996: 3), pragmatics is concerned with the study of meaning as
communicated by a speaker or writer and interpreted by a listener or reader. It has,
consequently, more to do with the analysis of what people mean by their utterances
than what the words or phrases in those utterances might mean by themselves.
Pragmatics is the study of speaker meaning. Similarly, according to Yule (1996:3),
this approach also necessarily explores how listeners can make inferences about what
is said in order to arrive at an interpretation of the speaker’s intended meaning. This
type of study explores how a great deal of what is unsaid is recognized as part of what
is communicated. We might say that it is the investigation of invisible meaning.
Pragmatics is the study of how more gets communicated than is said.
b. Speech Acts
According to Searle (1976: 16), speech acts are the basic or the minimal units of
linguistics communication. Furthermore, Austin (1960: 52) added that speech acts
refers to an utterance and also the total in which the utterance is issued. Moreover,
according to Yule (1996) stated, speech acts is action performed via utterances. These
descriptive terms for different kinds of speech acts apply to the speaker’s
communicative intention in producing an utterance. The speaker normally expects that
his or her communicative intention will be recognized by the hearer. Both speaker and
hearer are usually helped in this process by the circumstances surrounding the
utterance.

Jurnal JOEPALLT
On any occasion, the action performed by producing an utterance will consist of
three related acts. There is first a locutionary act, which is the basic act of utterance,
or producing a meaningful linguistic expression. Mostly we don’t produce well-
performed utterances with no purpose. We form an utterance with some kind of
function in mind. This is the second dimension, or the illocutionary act. The
illocutionary acts is performed via the communicative purpose. We do not, of course,
simply create an utterance with a function without intending it to have an effect. This
is the third dimension, the perlocutionary act (Yule, 1996).
c. Speech Acts Classification
According to Yule (1996: 53), one general classification system lists five types of
general function performed by speech acts: declarations, representatives, expressive,
directives, and commissives.
According to Yule (1996), declaration are those kinds of speech acts that change
the world via utterance. Representatives are those kind of speech acts that state what
the speaker believes to be the case or not. Expressives are those kinds of speech acts
that state what the speaker feels. Directives are those kind of speech acts that speaker
use to get someone else to do something. They express what the speaker wants. They
are commands, orders, request, and suggestions. Commissives are those kinds of
speech acts that speakers use to commit themselves to some future action.
d. The Definition of Script

According to Longman Dictionary of American English, script is written form
of a play, film, or broadcast. In addition, according to Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia
(KBBI, 2007) script is “Karangan yang masih ditulis oleh tangan, karangan seseorang
sebagai karya hasil, bahan-bahan berita yang siap di set” [The framework that
still written by hand by someone as the
work proceeds, the news materials prepared in a set] (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia,
2007).
METHOD

Jurnal JOEPALLT
This research used qualitative descriptive research as the research design. The writer
chose The Fault in Our Stars as the data resource, because in this case, the writer found
there is no previous study analyzed literary work, such as movie script. The writer
collected the data and made table to classify the data. Analysis on locutionary acts,
illocutionary cats, and perlocutionary acts aspects of directive speech acts was described
in each category.
All the data collected from this research are tabulated and analyzed based on their
directive speech acts sub-categories. Directive speech acts consists of four categories, i.e.
commands, suggests. Orders, and requests. Then it was described by applying the theory
related to the data.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The table data is the directive speech acts table. The table consists of character
analysis of each characters, based on the The Fault in Our Stars movie script, and also the
dialogues that interpreted directive speech acts. Speech acts Colum; Locutionary acts
(LC), illocutionary acts (ILC), and perlocutionary acts (PLC), and sub-categories of
directive speech acts; suggest (S), orders (O), Commands ( C ), and request ( R ).
No Character Dialouges Speech Acts Sub-Categories

LC ILC PLC S O C R
1 Give it a chance, Doctor Maria √ √
who knows you
might even find it
enlightening
2 yeah. We are Augustust √ √
going Waters
downstairs. Bye
3 come on, we’ve Mrs. Lancaster √ √

been through
this. You need to

Jurnal JOEPALLT
go, you need to
make friends,
and be teenager.
4 Don’t hit that! Augustus √ √
Don’t hit that! Waters
5 she may have Augustus √ √
forwarded that
email on to Van
Houten. Shall I
continue?
6 How would you August √ √

like to go on a
picnic with me?
7 we are here you All support √ √

for you Hazel grop
8 You cannot make Hazel √ √

me
9 he’s got to be Hazel √ √

hurting her
boob.
10 You can let go Mrs. Lancaster √ √

sweetie, don’t be
afraid.
11 Yeah. Make Augustus √ √
yourself at home.
12 take it off Hazel √ √

Jurnal JOEPALLT
13 all right. See you Hazel √ √
soon
14 Let me show you Augustus √ √
something
15 stop it! Do not.. Hazel √ √
He isn’t my..
Mom, focus!
We’re talking
about
Amsterdam.
16 They have Hazel √ √
doctors in
Amsterdam, and
cancer
17 You are stage Dr. Maria √ √
four.
18 there is no Stewardess √ √
smoking on this
plane or any
plane
19 we are just Hazel √ √
friends
20 your table, Mr. Waiter √ √
and Mrs. Waters.
21 and sir, Augustus √ √
something tells
me we are going
to need a little
bit more of this.
22 You are Lidewij √ √

Jurnal JOEPALLT
American
23 I am not going Hazel √ √
anywhere with
that man.
24 there are many Lidewij √ √
stairs. Steep
stairs
25 don’t worry, take Augustus √ √
your time.
26 Gus, get over Hazel √ √
yourself
27 they are gonna Mrs. Waters √ √
stop the chemo
28 hey, it’s a good Augustus √ √
life, Hazel
Grace.
29 losing you, that Mrs. Lancaster √ √
is going to hurt
like hell. But you
of all people
know it’s
possible to live
with pain. Just
do it
30 I’ll see you soon. Mrs. Lancaster √ √

Drive safe.
31 your turn Gus Patrick √ √

32 Mom, look at Hazel Grace √ √
this! Come here!

Jurnal JOEPALLT
Come here!
Come here!
33 can you just get Mrs. Lancaster √ √

in the car,
please?
34 no, thank you. I Augustus √ √
think we’ll have
the check.
35 Please come in. Lidewij √ √

36 Uh, Lidewij, Van Houten √ √
play.
Bomfalleralla
immediately.
37 Hazel Grace, Augustus √ √
egg me!
38 Something is Augustus √ √
wrong. You
gotta.. Can you
come? Can you
come and help
me?
39 hazel, can I get a Isaac √ √

hand here?
40 I don’t want to Hazel √ √
read anything.
Can you just get
out of my car?
Please get out of

Jurnal JOEPALLT
my car!
Table 1: Analysis of Speech Acts and Directive Speech acts
The table was presented data finding through the study. Based on the data the most
frequently of directive speech act is request with 3, 50% percentage. The next frequently is
suggests with total 2,33% percentage in the movie script, the least frequently is order with
0,0% percentage.
DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT

PRECENTAGE
Commands, Orders, 0, 0%
1, 17%
Suggest, 2,
33%
Request, 3,
50%
Figure 1. Directive Speech Act Percentage.
Conclusion
Based on the data analysis, the directive speech act are frequently performed in the
movie script. It can be seen from the tables in the previous chapter that elaborate the use
of directive speech acts. The diagram show that 40 directive speech act are performed in
the movie script. The diagram summary show that directive speech act of request is the
most frequently in the movie script (3, 50%). The percentage shows the most frequently
used directive speech acts by calculating the percentage of each category of directive
speech acts. While the least used directive speech acts are the directive speech act of order
(0%).
Suggestion

Jurnal JOEPALLT
The writer hopes that many people will benefit from watching the movie not just for
entertainment but also for study. Many literary works can be learned, such as magazine,
poems, movie, and also movie script itself. The study in this thesis focused on the
directive speech acts. More comprehensive research on the aspects of locutionary acts,
illocutionary acts, and perlocutionary acts in this movie script will be very interesting to
do. Through this study will have better understanding why and how people react or
response directive speech acts based on their perspective. People not only can produce the
speech acts, but also make some interesting literary works through speech acts.
REFERENCES
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do Things with Words (2th Ed.). London: Routedge.
Bloomfield (1993). Language. New York: Henry Holt & Co.
Cambridge Academic Content Dictionaries Online. 2008: Cambridge University
Press. Retrieved from:
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/esdiccinario/ingles/multiword-verbs.
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/esdiccinario/ingles/prepositional-verbs.
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/esdiccinario/ingles/phrasal-preposition-verbs.
[Accessed: 09.06.16]
Chomsky, N. (2006). Language and Mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Creswell, J.W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating
Qualitative and Quantitative Research. Boston: Edward Brothers Inc.
Jurnal JOEPALLT
Elliot, J. (2005). Using Narrative in Social Research Qualitative and Quantitative
Approaches. London: Sage Publication.
Grice, H.P. (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. UK: Harvard University Press.
Halliday (1973). Exploration in Language Function. London: Edward Arnol.
Halliday & Hasan. (1976). Cohesion in English. London: Longman.
Holmes, J. (2001). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London: Longmans.
Justove, F. (2006). Direct and Indirect Speech Acts in English. Brno: Faculty of Arts
Department of English and American Studies Masaryk University in Brno.
Retrieved from:
http://www.academia.edu/7525137/Direct_and_Indirect_Speech_Acts_in_English
_Major_Bachelors_Thesis [Assessed on 12 February 2016]
Leongkamchorn, S. (2010). Speech Act Analysis of British and American Poetry.
Bangkok: School of Language and Communication. Unpublished. Retrieved from:
Libdcms.nida.ac.th [Assessed on 12 February 2016]
Leech, G.N. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman.
Levinson, S.C. (1983). Pragmatics. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University.
Made, D. et al,. (2012). An Analysis of Speech Acts in The Conversation between Habibie
and Ainun in The Film Habibie and Ainun. Singaraja: Ganesha University.
Unpublished. Retrieved from:
http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=259601&val=7035&title=An
%20Analysis%20of%20Speech%20Acts%20in%20the%20Conversation%20betw
een%20Habibie%20and%20Ainun%20in%20the%20Film%20Entitled%20Habibi
e%20and%20Ainun%202012
[Assessed on 12 February 2016]
Webster, Merriam. (2011). Merriam-Webster Dictionary Application: Merriam
Webster Inc
McMillan. J, H. (1996). Educational Research Fundamentals for the Consumer (2nd

Edition). Virginia Commonwealth University, HarperCollins. College Publishers
Mey, J.L. (1993). An Introduction Pragmatics. USA: Blackwell Publishing.

Jurnal JOEPALLT
Miles, M.B. & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis (2nd edition). Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.
Nazir, M. (1998). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.
Neustadter, S. & Weber. (2013). the Fault in Our Stars. Los Angeles: Fox 2000 Pictures.
Published on September 2013. Retrieved from:
Dailyscript.com [Assessed on 12 February 2016]
Odden, D. (2005). Introducing Phonology. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Richard, Jack, et al. (1985). Longman Dictionary of Applied Linguistics. England:
Longman Group Limited
Searle, J. R. (1975). Speech Act Theory an Pragmatics. Holland: D. Reidel Publishing
Company.
Santoso, I. et al. (2012). Speech Act on Short stories: A Pragmatic Study. Bandung:
Padjajaran University. Published on February 2012. Retrieved from:
http://www.tijoss.com/19%20volume/10Imam%20santoso.pdf.
[Assessed on 12 February 2016]
Tim Penyusun Pusat Kamus. (2007). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). Jakarta:
Balai Pustaka.
Tood, L. (1987). And Introduction to Linguistic. England: Longman
Tsui, A.B.M. (1994). English Conversation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wardhaugh, R. (2006). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. USA: Blackwell Pulishing
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.

Jurnal JOEPALLT

Jurnal JOEPALLT

Jurnal JOEPALLT


An Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in The Fault in Our: Stars Movie Script

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

An Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in The Fault in Our: Stars Movie Script

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

An Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in The Fault in Our: Stars Movie Script

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Jurnal JOEPALLT

Vol. Ed. Volume 7 Nomer 01 Maret 2019

AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE FAULT IN OUR

Febi Rosella Wijaya1 Jauhar Helmie2

Keywords: Directive speech acts, movie script, dialogues, qualitative.

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Language is a system, language is communication tools which built from the

In communication, we need partner or hearer to make our communication

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

d. The Definition of Script

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

No Character Dialouges Speech Acts Sub-Categories

3 come on, we’ve Mrs. Lancaster √ √

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

6 How would you August √ √

7 we are here you All support √ √

8 You cannot make Hazel √ √

9 he’s got to be Hazel √ √

10 You can let go Mrs. Lancaster √ √

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

22 You are Lidewij √ √

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

30 I’ll see you soon. Mrs. Lancaster √ √

31 your turn Gus Patrick √ √

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

33 can you just get Mrs. Lancaster √ √

35 Please come in. Lidewij √ √

39 hazel, can I get a Isaac √ √

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Table 1: Analysis of Speech Acts and Directive Speech acts

DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

McMillan. J, H. (1996). Educational Research Fundamentals for the Consumer (2nd

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Dailyscript.com [Assessed on 12 February 2016]

Odden, D. (2005). Introducing Phonology. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

Copyright ©2018 JOEPALLT

You might also like