SKAA4943 Topic 2

SKAA4943
MKAK1053
M U N I C I PA L S O L I D WA S T E M A N A G E M E N T
TO P I C 2
L E G A L A N D I N S T I T U T I O N A L F R A M E WO R K S
SCOPE
I. Problem magnitude Why need legal framework?
II. National and international legislations on managing
municipal solid waste
III. Stakeholders and their roles in waste governance
PROBLEM MAGNITUDE
• How bad the condition?
• Who is the victims?
CAN WE DO IT BETTER???
OUR ROLE????
HOW BAD?
WHO ARE THE VICTIMS?
PLAGUE OUTBREAK IN SURAT (1994)
• Surat city in Gujarat India
• Cause: uncollected waste blocked drains & and
open sewers  breeding grounds for disease
• Monsoon rains flooded the city
Clogged sewers
Rat multiplied
Dead animals remain in open
Soaking garbage all over the city
People infected  vomiting and painted 56 death
Possibly Yersinia pestis endemic
Plague lasted 2 weeks1/3 city citizens fled
2013 : Best City Award
TRASH-SLIDE IN QUEZON CITY (2000)
• Quezon city in The Philippine
• Cause: Bad management of Payatas
dumpsite
• 300 people buried; hundreds
homeless
• A week of heavy rain caused by
Typhoons
Caused ‘trash-slide’ of 50 foot
mountain of packed trash
collapsed
Buryied Sitio Pangako area
which home for at least 3000
informal settlers
That’s why we need or have legal
and institutional framework
CURRENT INSTITUTIONAL
FRAMEWORK IN SEVERAL STATES AND
FEDERAL TERRITORIES IN MALAYSIA
Ministry of Housing & Local The Federal Government
Government has executive authority
Previous:
Ministry of Urban Well Being, Housing & Local (section Act 672)
Government
National Solid Waste Management The Solid Waste and Public Cleansing
Department Malaysia (JPSPN) Management Corporation (SWCorp)
Jabatan Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal Negara (JPSPN)
To integrate SWM system To implement and enforce SWM

at national level and Public Cleansing Law
PRIVATIZATION
National Privatization of Solid Waste Management
A concession agreement between the Solid Waste and Public
Cleansing Management Corporation and the concession
companies was signed for the privatization of the solid waste
and public cleansing management for the period of 22 years
 Central and East Zones: Alam Flora Sdn Bhd
 Southern Zones: SWM Environment Sdn Bhd
 Northern Zones: Environment Idaman Sdn Bhd
OTHER STATE IN MALAYSIA
Still apply the same laws as applicable for the whole States in Peninsular
Malaysia before the coming into force Act 672
The laws are:
 The Town and Country Planning Act 1976 (Act 172)
 The Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974 (Act 133)
 The Local Government Act 1976 (Act 171)
The local authorities are in charge of solid waste management
Sabah and Sarawak have different set of laws governing the solid waste
management since the new statutes are passed with the scope to cover
only the Peninsular Malaysia and the Federal Territories.
MALAYSIA
• Eleventh Malaysia Plan (2016-2020)

– Revision on the Solid Waste & Public Cleansing Management Act
2007 (Act 672)
– Strengthening the institutional framework
– Reinforcing coordination among relevant ministries and agencies
National Solid Waste Management Policy
INVOLVEMENT
• Previous agencies that involved
– Ministry of Agriculture
indirectly are:
– Ministry of Land and Regional
– Ministry of Finance
Department
– Ministry of Health – Ministry of Education
– Ministry of Science, Technology and
Environment *With new government,
– Ministry of Rural Development adjustment still in place at most
– Ministry of Public Work of Ministry.
Eg : Ministry of Energy, Science,
Technology, Environment &
Climate Change (MESTECC)
FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE SWM
Bottom
Up
Source: Dasar Team Analysis

PARTICIPATION
Where we can play our part???

LATEST MOVEMENT
• Dasar Penggubalan Baru Akta Alam Sekitar
http://www.doe.gov.my/eparticipation/dasar-penggubalan-baru-akta-alam-sekitar/
LATEST MOVEMENT
• Dasar Penggubalan Baru Akta Alam
SekitarSukacita dimaklumkan Jabatan Alam • Sehubungan dengan itu Jabatan Alam Sekitar
Sekitar, Kementerian Sumber Asli dan Alam Malaysia mengalu-alukan cadangan dan input
Sekitar sedang menggubal baru Akta Alam daripada pihak Industri, Badan Bukan Kerajaan
Sekitar bagi menggantikan Akta Alam Sekeliling (NGOs), Badan Berkanun, Pemaju Projek,
1974. Perunding, Agensi Kerajaan Institusi Pendidikan
dan orang awam terhadap dasar penggubalan
• Penggubalan baru Akta Alam Sekitar adalah baru Akta Alam Sekitar yang sedang digubal.
amat penting bagi memperkukuh, memantapkan
dan memudahcara pelaksanaan kerja • Butiran Dasar Alam Sekitar boleh dirujuk
penguatkuasaan ke arah lebih cekap selaras melalui pautan Draf Undang-Undang Melalui
dengan perkembangan pengurusan dan Seranta Awam Atas Talian bermula 22 Februari
pembangunan alam sekitar yang lebih lestari 2018 sehingga 7 Mac 2018.
serta teknologi kawalan pencemaran dan
seiring dengan hasrat Sustainable Development
Goals dan aspirasi kerajaan melalui Transformasi
Nasional 50 (TN50).
LATEST MOVEMENT
• Akta Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal dan Pembersihan

Awam 2007 (Act 672)
• Peraturan baru bagi Construction Solid Waste
• New standard for Construction Solid Waste

• MS 2673:2017
Construction Solid Waste Management Code of
Practice
LATEST MOVEMENT
• Ban Plastic Bag Usage:
Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Selangor, Melaka and Johor
• Roadmap to banned single use of plastic 2018-2030

https://www.statista.com/chart/12211/the-countries-polluting-the-oceans-the-most/
IMPORT OF PLASTIC WASTE INTO MALAYSIA
• Malaysia allows import of plastic waste into Malaysia for the
purpose of:
– As material to re-process and produce new product of pellets,
resins and flakes and export back to foreign countries
– As fuel source for burning
• Import of plastic waste need to have Approval Permit (AP) from

JPSPN subjected to code tariff HS Code 3915 under observation of
Royal Malaysia Custom Department
IMPORT OF PLASTIC WASTE INTO MALAYSIA
• From 2 Februari 2015, JPSPN took over responsibility of import

license of plastic waste from Ministry of International Trade and
Industry (MITI) as declared under Perintah Kastam (Larangan
Mengenai Import) (Pindaan) 2015
No Year AP AP Import Quantity Import Quantity

(Applied) (Approved) (Applied) (Tonnage) (Approved) (Tonnage)
1 2015 6307 5643 438,122 395,336
2 2016 10881 9839 525,944 485,087

CRITICAL THINKING
QUESTION?

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SKAA4943

• How bad the condition?

• Who is the victims?

To integrate SWM system To implement and enforce SWM

• Eleventh Malaysia Plan (2016-2020)

Source: Dasar Team Analysis

Where we can play our part???

• Akta Pengurusan Sisa Pepejal dan Pembersihan

• New standard for Construction Solid Waste

• Roadmap to banned single use of plastic 2018-2030

• Import of plastic waste need to have Approval Permit (AP) from

• From 2 Februari 2015, JPSPN took over responsibility of import

No Year AP AP Import Quantity Import Quantity

1 2015 6307 5643 438,122 395,336

2 2016 10881 9839 525,944 485,087

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