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Physics Assignment PDF

The document describes the circuit diagram and operation of an astable multivibrator using NPN transistors. The circuit uses two transistors connected in a feedback loop with resistors and capacitors. When power is applied, one transistor turns on while the other turns off. They will then alternately switch states, with the capacitors charging and discharging through the resistors over time to produce a non-stable oscillating output signal.

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Piprotar Divyesh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
76 views

Physics Assignment PDF

The document describes the circuit diagram and operation of an astable multivibrator using NPN transistors. The circuit uses two transistors connected in a feedback loop with resistors and capacitors. When power is applied, one transistor turns on while the other turns off. They will then alternately switch states, with the capacitors charging and discharging through the resistors over time to produce a non-stable oscillating output signal.

Uploaded by

Piprotar Divyesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PAPER: 503

Unit: 2
Assignment
Solid State Switching Circuit

Question: 01
Using NPN Transistor, draw circuit diagram of
Astable multivibrator and explain circuit operation.
# Circuit Diagram: -
# Circuit operation

 When the circuit is switched on one transistor will


driven to saturation (ON) and other will driven to
cutoff (OFF).

 Consider Q1 is ON and Q2 is OFF.

 In this R1 = R4, R2 = R3, R1 should be greater than


R2.

 When the circuit is first powered up then neither of


the transistors is ON.

 The base voltage of both the transistor starts


increasing. Any one of the transistor turns ON first
due to the difference in doping and electrical
characteristics of the transistor.

 During this time capacitor C2 is charging to Vcc


through resistor R4.

 Q2 is OFF due to the –ive voltage from the


discharging capacitor C1 which is charge during
the previous cycle.
 So the OFF time of Q2 is determined by R2C1 time
constant.

 After a time period determined by R2C1 time


constant the capacitor C1 discharges completely
and starts charging in reverse direction through
R2.

 When the capacitor C1 charge to a voltage.

 Sufficient provide base emitter voltage to the


transistor Q2, it turns ON and capacitor C2 starts
discharging.

 Vcc through resistor R4 and base emitter of


transistor Q2. Thus the transistor Q2 remains in
ON state.

 As in previous state, when the capacitor C2


discharge competently its starts charging towards
opposite direction through R3.

 When the voltage across the capacitor C2 is


sufficient to turn ON transistor Q1, will turn ON
and capacitor C1 starts discharging.
 This process continuous and produces rectangular
waves at the collector of each transistor.

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