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    4.6 Method of Images

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    224883061
    This document discusses the method of images for calculating fluid flow near a solid boundary. It provides an example of using this method to calculate the flow produced by a point source near a wall. Specifically: 1) It introduces the method of images, which uses additional singularities outside the domain to satisfy boundary conditions at a solid surface. 2) As an example, it considers a point source near a wall and shows that a single source does not satisfy the no-flow boundary condition at the wall. 3) To satisfy the boundary condition, an equal image source is added on the other side of the wall, such that the combined flow from both sources is zero at the wall location.

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    4.6 Method of Images

    Uploaded by

    224883061
    22 views1 page
    This document discusses the method of images for calculating fluid flow near a solid boundary. It provides an example of using this method to calculate the flow produced by a point source near a wall. Specifically: 1) It introduces the method of images, which uses additional singularities outside the domain to satisfy boundary conditions at a solid surface. 2) As an example, it considers a point source near a wall and shows that a single source does not satisfy the no-flow boundary condition at the wall. 3) To satisfy the boundary condition, an equal image source is added on the other side of the wall, such that the combined flow from both sources is zero at the wall location.

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    This document discusses the method of images for calculating fluid flow near a solid boundary. It provides an example of using this method to calculate the flow produced by a point source near a wall. Specifically: 1) It introduces the method of images, which uses additional singularities outside the domain to satisfy boundary conditions at a solid surface. 2) As an example, it considers a point source near a wall and shows that a single source does not satisfy the no-flow boundary condition at the wall. 3) To satisfy the boundary condition, an equal image source is added on the other side of the wall, such that the combined flow from both sources is zero at the wall location.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views1 page

    4.6 Method of Images

    Uploaded by

    224883061
    This document discusses the method of images for calculating fluid flow near a solid boundary. It provides an example of using this method to calculate the flow produced by a point source near a wall. Specifically: 1) It introduces the method of images, which uses additional singularities outside the domain to satisfy boundary conditions at a solid surface. 2) As an example, it considers a point source near a wall and shows that a single source does not satisfy the no-flow boundary condition at the wall. 3) To satisfy the boundary condition, an equal image source is added on the other side of the wall, such that the combined flow from both sources is zero at the wall location.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    Chapter 4 – Potential flows 35

    4.6 Method of images


    In previous examples we introduced flow singularities (e.g. sources and dipoles) outside of the
    domain of fluid flow in order to satisfy boundary conditions at a solid surface.
    This technique can also be used to calculate the flow produced by a singularity near a bound-
    ary; it is then called method of images.
    Example 4.1 (Point source near a wall)
    Consider a point-source of fluid placed at the position (d, 0, 0) (Cartesian coordinates) near a
    solid wall at x = 0.
    In free space (no wall), the potential of the y
    source is
    m
    φ∞ = − p ,
    (x − d)2 + y 2 + z 2 O x
    ∂φ∞ m(x − d)
    ⇒ u∞ = = .
    ∂x [(x − d)2 + y 2 + z 2 ]3/2
    d
    So that, at x = 0,
    md
    u∞ = − 6= 0,
    (d2 + y 2 + z 2 )3/2
    which is inconsistent with the boundary condition u · n = u · êx = u = 0 at the wall.
    To rectify this problem, (i.e. for the flow to satisfy the boundary condition at the wall), we
    add a source of equal strength m outside the domain, at (−d, 0, 0). By symmetry, this source
    will produce an equal but opposite velocity field at x = 0, so that the boundary condition for
    the combined flow can be satisfied. The velocity potential for both sources becomes
    m m
    φ = −p −p ,
    (x − d)2 + y 2 + z 2 (x + d)2 + y 2 + z 2
    and the velocity field along the x-axis,
    ∂φ m(x − d) m(x + d)
    u= = + .
    ∂x 2 2 2
    [(x − d) + y + z ] 3/2
    [(x + d)2 + y 2 + z 2 ]3/2

    Clearly, at x = 0, now u = 0 as required.


    The fluid can slip along the wall however
    as, for x = 0,
    S
    2my
    v= 2 ,
    (d + y 2 + z 2 )3/2
    2mz
    w= 2 .
    (d + y 2 + z 2 )3/2
    −d 0 d x

    4.7 Method of separation of variables


    This is a standard method for solving linear partial differential equations with compatible
    boundary conditions.
    We shall seek separable solutions to Laplace’s equations, of the form φ(x, y) = f (x)g(y) in
    Cartesian coordinates or φ(r, θ) = f (r)g(θ) in polar coordinates.

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