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    Standard CHB Sizes Are From Thicknesses of 100mm (4"), 150mm (6") and 200mm (8") X Height of 200mm (8") X Length of 400mm (16")

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    kennysaweg
    The document provides information on estimating masonry works, including: (1) Calculating the number of concrete hollow blocks (CHB) needed based on the total wall area. (2) Determining the cement and sand required to fill the hollow cores of CHB using either a volume or area method. (3) Estimating the cement and sand needed for plastering a wall using either a volume or area method, assuming a typical plaster thickness. (4) An example problem is provided to calculate the number of CHB, cement, and sand required for a firewall based on given dimensions.

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    Standard CHB Sizes Are From Thicknesses of 100mm (4"), 150mm (6") and 200mm (8") X Height of 200mm (8") X Length of 400mm (16")

    Uploaded by

    kennysaweg
    39K views7 pages
    The document provides information on estimating masonry works, including: (1) Calculating the number of concrete hollow blocks (CHB) needed based on the total wall area. (2) Determining the cement and sand required to fill the hollow cores of CHB using either a volume or area method. (3) Estimating the cement and sand needed for plastering a wall using either a volume or area method, assuming a typical plaster thickness. (4) An example problem is provided to calculate the number of CHB, cement, and sand required for a firewall based on given dimensions.

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    MT04_Estimation conitnued

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    The document provides information on estimating masonry works, including: (1) Calculating the number of concrete hollow blocks (CHB) needed based on the total wall area. (2) Determining the cement and sand required to fill the hollow cores of CHB using either a volume or area method. (3) Estimating the cement and sand needed for plastering a wall using either a volume or area method, assuming a typical plaster thickness. (4) An example problem is provided to calculate the number of CHB, cement, and sand required for a firewall based on given dimensions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39K views7 pages

    Standard CHB Sizes Are From Thicknesses of 100mm (4"), 150mm (6") and 200mm (8") X Height of 200mm (8") X Length of 400mm (16")

    Uploaded by

    kennysaweg
    The document provides information on estimating masonry works, including: (1) Calculating the number of concrete hollow blocks (CHB) needed based on the total wall area. (2) Determining the cement and sand required to fill the hollow cores of CHB using either a volume or area method. (3) Estimating the cement and sand needed for plastering a wall using either a volume or area method, assuming a typical plaster thickness. (4) An example problem is provided to calculate the number of CHB, cement, and sand required for a firewall based on given dimensions.

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    University of the Cordilleras

    College of Teacher Education


    Elementary Education Department
    1st Trimester, 2020 - 2021

    CE 423 – CONSTRUCTION METHODS AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT

    2. ESTIMATING MASONRY WORKS:


    Standard CHB sizes are from thicknesses of 100mm (4”), 150mm (6”) and 200mm (8”)
    x height of 200mm (8”) x length of 400mm (16”).In Philippines market, people prefer 4'',5''
    and 6'' inch hollow block with 3 holes. These estimation will only focus on CHB with three
    cells it does not include the estimation of decorative
    CHB or 2 celled CHB.

    *Note that conversion normally in CE is 2-inches =


    0.05m -----> especially when estimating

    Masonry works pertains to the estimation of the following items:


    (a) Concrete hollow blocks (CHB)
    (b) Cement and Sand for block laying
    (c) Cement, sand and gravel filler for the hollow core or cell
    (d) Cement and fine sand for plastering
    (e) Cement, sand and gravel for foundation or footing
    (f) Reinforcing steel bars and
    (g) Tie wires.
    2.1 ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF CHB
     The most common method of estimating the number of CHB is by “AREA METHOD”
    which basically it states that for an area of 1m by 1m it can be covered by
    approximately 12.5 pcs of CHB (note that some authors use 13pcs but as to
    experience I would recommend 12.5 pcs/m2)
    APPLICATION PROBLEM 01: Given the following elevation of a 4 three story building
    whore roof plan is shown identifying the location of the fire wall. Determine the number
    of CHB required for the firewall alone whose elevation is shown. Note that dimensions in
    the plan and the elevations are in mm. Assume a beam height of 400mm along the
    longitudinal section of the beam and the beam extends from both ends of the firewall.
    Step 1: Determine the total area of the wall (subtract the area of any floors and
    windows present)
    Awall = Length X Width = (3.85m + 4m + 4m + 4m + 3m + 1m + 1.45m) (9.80m)
    Awall = 208.74m2
    *since it was mentioned in the problem that a beam of height 400mm extends from end
    to end to the wall. We will subtract the beam area.
    Abeam = length of wall X height of beam X 3 = (21.30m)(0.40m)(3) = 25.56m2

    Therefore the net area of wall is:


    Awall = 208.74 m2 – 25.56m2 = 183.18m2

    Step 2: Multiply the area by the factor of 12.5 pcs/m2


    NCHB = Area of wall X CHB factor
    NCHB = 183.18m2 X 12.5pcs/m2
    NCHB = 2289.75 pcs or 2290pcs (ANSWER)------> note that the estimation does not account the
    extra CHB to account for breakage, you may or may not include it.

    2.2 ESTIMATING CEMENT MORTAR FOR FILLING CHB:

     Cement mortar is a mixture of cement, sand and water. It is used as bonding materials in installing
    masonry blocks and various plastering work. Determining cement mortar for CHB is normally by (a)
    VOLUME and (b) by AREA method.

    2.2.1. BY VOLUME METHOD


    The table below presents the volume of mortar needed to fill the insides of a commercial CHB, block laying
    on the other hand pertains to the volume of mortar placed above the CHB before another CHB is placed.

    CHB Size Fill, m3 per CHB Block Laying, m3 per CHB


    4” 0.003 0.0005
    6” 0.005 0.0008

    *this basically means for every 4” CHB one would need 0.0035m3 of mortar and for 6” it
    would be 0.0058 m3
    In determining the number of cement and sand for mortar and plaster in cubic meters
    refer to the table below:

    Table 1

    Class Cement in Bags


    Proportion Sand
    Mixture 40-kg 50-kg
    A 1 : 2 18 14.5 1.0
    B 1 : 3 12 9.5 1.0
    C 1 : 4 9 7 1.0
    D 1 : 5 7.5 6 1.0

    APPLICATION PROBLEM 02: Using the answer in the Application Problem 01 determine
    the number of cement and sand needed for the CHB calculated above.

    Step 01: Determine the total volume of mortar needed for the calculated number of
    CHB

    Number of CHB = NCHB = 2290pcs ------> 6” CHB since it is a firewall


    Volume = 2290 pcs x (0.005 + 0.0008) m3/pc
    Volume = 13.282 m3

    Step 02: Determine the number of cement and sand using the table provided above. If
    there are is no Class Mixture provided always use CLASS B as a default value.

    NCement = 12 bags/m3 x 13.282m3 = 159.384 bags of 40-kg cement or 160 bags (ANSWER)
    NSand = 1cu.m./m3 x 13.282m3 = 13.282 m3 sand or 13.5m3 (ANSWER)

    2.2.2. BY AREA METHOD

     In applying the area method the only thing that you will need is the given table.

    Table 2

    Size of Bags of Cement Mixture Sand,


    CHB A B C D m
    4" 0.792 0.522 0.394 0.328 0.0435
    5" 1.526 1.018 0.763 0.633 0.0844
    6" 2.26 1.5 1.125 0.938 0.125

    How to use Area Method

    Step 01: Determine the area of the wall


    Step 02: Use the given table by multiplying the area with the factors
    2.3 ESTIMATING CEMENT MORTAR FOR PLASTERING:

     Estimating cement mortar for plastering can be done by Volume method and Area method.

    2.3.1. BY VOLUME METHOD

     In plastering by volume method is assumed that the average thickness of plaster is 16mm or 0.016m for
    each face of wall.

    APPLICATION PROBLEM 03: Using the answer in the Application Problem 01 determine
    the number of cement and sand needed for plastering the wall.

    Step 01: Determine the area of the wall to be plastered.


    Awall = 183.18m2 x 2 (because there are two faces of the wall)
    Awall = 366.36 m2

    Step 02: Assuming an average thickness of 16mm for the plaster determine the volume
    Vol = Awall x 0.016m
    Vol = 366.36 m2 X 0.016m
    Vol = 5.86176 m3

    Step 03: Using “Table 1” determine the number of cement and sand

    Using Class B Mixture

    Table 2

    Class Cement in Bags


    Proportion Sand
    Mixture 40-kg 50-kg
    A 1 : 2 18 14.5 1.0
    B 1 : 3 12 9.5 1.0
    C 1 : 4 9 7 1.0
    D 1 : 5 7.5 6 1.0

    NCement = 12 bags/m3 x 5.86176 m3 = 70.34112 bags of 40-kg cement or 71 bags


    (ANSWER)
    NSand = 1cu.m./m3 x 5.86176m3 = 5.86176 m3 sand or 6m3 (ANSWER)
    2.3.2. BY AREA METHOD

     In using Area method refer to the table provided below.

    Table 3
    Cement in Bags
    Class
    Thickness of Plaster
    Mixture
    8mm 12mm 16mm 20mm 25mm
    A 0.144 0.216 0.288 0.36 0.45
    B 0.096 0.144 0.192 0.24 0.3
    C 0.076 0.108 0.144 0.18 0.225
    D 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.188
    Sand 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.02 0.025

    APPLICATION PROBLEM 04: Using the answer in the Application Problem 01 determine
    the number of cement and sand needed for plastering the wall using area method with
    16mm plaster

    Step 01: Determine the area of the wall to be plastered.


    Awall = 183.18m2 x 2 (because there are two faces of the wall)
    Awall = 366.36 m2

    Step 02: Using class B mixture determine the number of cement and sand directly using
    table 3 of 16mm plaster.

    NCement = 366.36m2 X 0.192 = 70.34112 bags of 40-kg cement or 71 bags (ANSWER)


    NSand = 366.36 m2 x 0.016 = 5.86176 m3 sand or 6m3 (ANSWER)

    APPLICATION PROBLEM 05: Prepare a simple bill of materials for a wall fence(4” CHB) of
    height of 3-m and a length of 5m. – use volume method for all

    Solution:
    1. Determine the number of CHB
    Awall = (5m) (3m) = 15m2
    NCHB = (15m2) (12.5pcs/m2) = 187.5 pcs or 188 pcs CHB

    2. Determine the number of Sand and Cement for block laying

    CHB Size Fill, m3 per CHB Block Laying, m3 per CHB


    4” 0.003 0.0005
    NCHB = 188 pcs CHB
    Volume = (188)(0.0035) = 0.658m3

    *using Table 1 for the quantity of cement and sand – CLASS B


    Class Cement in Bags
    Proportion Sand
    Mixture 40-kg 50-kg
    B 1 : 3 12 9.5 1.0
    NCEMENT = 0.658m3 x 12 = 7.896 bags or 8 bags cement
    NSAND = 0.658m3 x 1 = 0.658m3 or 1m3

    3. Determine the number of Sand and Cement for plastering


    Awall = (5m) (3m) = 15m2
    Volume = (15m2) (0.016m) = 0.24m3

    *using Table 1 for the quantity of cement and sand – CLASS B

    Class Cement in Bags


    Proportion Sand
    Mixture 40-kg 50-kg
    B 1 : 3 12 9.5 1.0
    NCEMENT = 0.24m3 x 12 = 2.88 bags or 3 bags cement
    NSAND = 0.24m3 x 1 = 0.24m3 or 0.50 m3

    Water = 11 x 6 = 66 liters
    SAMPLE BILL OF MATERIALS of the answers:

    Description of Material Quantity Unit Unit Cost Total Cost


    Portland Cement (40-kg) 11 bag 230 2530
    4”CHB 188 Pcs 15 2820
    Sand 1.50 m3 1000 1500
    Water 66 liters 5 330

    TOTAL: 7180

    Activity: For the septic tank design from the 1st activity prepare a bill of materials
    (Cement, sand, gravel, CHB, water) if the walls are to be made up of CHB and the top
    and bottom floor of concrete. Submit the work for both lecture and lab if you have
    laboratory. For your lecture use AREA METHOD and for your laboratory use VOLUME
    METHOD. (20 points)

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