UNIVERSITY OF ZIMBABWE

DEPARTMENT OF TEACHERS EDUCATION

MORGENSTER TEACHERS COLLEGE

DIPLOMA IN EDUCATION (PRIMARY)

GENERAL COURSE: INTAKE 23 CLASS OF JAN 2018 – 20

ZITA: MEMORISE M MUDUNGA

NHAMBA YEMUDZIDZI:

CHIDZIDZO:

MUSORO: KUKWENYA BASA

ZUVA REKUUNZA:

VADZIDZISI: : MAI MARARIKE ,VAMAMBANJE,MAI MAMHUTE,VAMAVIYA

KERO: NHAMBA DZEFONI:

ONGORORO...........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................\CHIBOD

ZWA

MUKWENYI...................................................RUPAWO...........................................

MUKWENYI WEPIRI............................................................. CHIBODZWA

akure mukudzidzisa kwake anofanira kutora nguva yake,Kubudikidza nekukwenya basa .

Ongororo yokuvona mhosho dzose dzaparwa nemwana muzvinyorwa zvake zvinoonekwa

nemudzidzisi anokwenya basa revana nenguva uye nemazvo izvo zvinoita kuti kukwenya basa

kuve nehukoshwa . Kukwenya basa ravana zvine muchechetere, ongororo yekuzadziswa

kwezvinangwa, kuumba zvidokwadokwa mukudzidza kwevana zvose izvi zvinobva

mukukwenywa kwebasa revana. . Kukwenya basa revadzidzi kunoshanda senzira yekusimbisa

kana kusimudzira vadzidzi pakuita basa ravo rechikoro. Pamusoro pazvose kukwenya basa

ravadzidzi inzira yenhaurirano pakati pemudzidzi nemudzidzisi. Muchinyorwa chino munyori

achaburitsa maonere ake pamusoro pemusoro unoti kukwenya basa revadzidzi hakus kutungana

kwembudzi .Manzwi akakosha pamuono uyu achatsanangurwa.

Chimhandu (2001) anoti kukwenya zvinoreva kuratidza nerunyoro wemudzidzisi pabasa

remudzidzi kugona kana kukundikana kwake ) Elliot et al (2016)anoti kukwenya inzira

inoratidzwa nerunyoro rwemudzidzisi pabasa revadzidzi kugona kana kukundikana kwavo.

Kukwenya kuratidza kwomudzidzisi kugona kana kukundikana kwevadzidzi pazvinyorwa zvavo

kubudikidza nerunyoro rwaanoisa pabasa. Mheta (2005) anotiwo kutungana kwembudzi kuita

zvinhu zvisina zvazvinobatsira. .Magwa (2007)anoti kutungana kwembudzi kuita zvinhu zvisina

basa kana maturo nekudaro kutungana kwembudzi kuita zvinhu zvisina putsundo zvisina

zvazvinopa kana kubatsira. .

Mukukwenywa kwebasa revana ndimo munoonekwa kuti zvinangwa zvechidzidzo zvabatika

here nevana nekudero chinhu chakakosha chose muhupenyu hwemwana mukudzidza kwakwe .

Gray (2014) anopamidzazve achiti, mudzidzisi akakwenya basa revana akaita ongororo akaona

kuti pane vana vasvika pangavachitarisirwa kusvika nezvinangwa zvechidzidzo vanopfuurira

revana ndikokunobatsira mudzidzisi kuronga basa rezvidzidzo zvinotevera nekuti kana

zvinangwa zvechidzidzo chapfura zvisina kuzadzikiswa mudzidzisi afanira kudzokera kushure

kusvika vana vanzwisisa chidzidzo chinotevera chotangirawo ipapo. Kana mudzidzisi

akakwenya basa akaita ongororo akaona kuti zvinangwa zvechidzidzo zvazadzikiswa chirongwa

chechidzidzo chinotevera ndipo pachinotangirawo ipapo. Kana vadzidzi vabata zvavadzidziswa

vanoratidza nekukunda pabasa ravanopihwa kuti vanyore. Kana vasinawo kunzwisisa

vanoratidza nekukundikana pabasa ravo. Izvi zvinoita kuti mudzidzisi agone kubatsira vadzidzi

pakukundikana kwavo. Uye zvinoitawo kuti mudzidzisi aongorore nzira yaashandisa kudzidzisa

kuti yange yakafanira here pachidzidzoo chake. Kukwenya basa revadzidzi kunoita kuti

mudzidzisi agone kuona kukundikana kana kubudirira pakudzidzisa kwake. Kubudirira

kunoonekwa nekukunda kwevadzidzi pabasa ravo uye kukundikana kunoonekwa

nekukundikana. kwevadzidzi pabasa ravo.Kukwenya basa revadzidzi kunoita kuti mudzidzisi

aone kuti zvinangwa zvechidzidzo zvabatika here ,nekudero hakungave kutungana kwembudzi .

Kukwenya basa ravadzidzi inzira yenhaurirano pakati pemudzidzi nemudzidzisi, ichi ndicho

chikonzero chekutanga chinoita kuti kusave kutungana kwembudzi. Magwa (2007) anoti kune

nhaurirano inoitika pakati pemudzidzisi nevadzidzi kuburikidza nekutaurirana inova inoitika

pakupakurwa kwezvidzidziswa. Panokwenywa basa ravana panotariswa zvinhu zvakaita,

sekushandiswa kwakanaka kwezvimiso, kunyorwa kwakanaka kwezvirevo, minhuro

yemubvudzo, kushandiswa kwakanaka kwemavara makuru nemadiki nezvimwewo zvaakawanda

iyi inova nhaurirano pamusoro pemwana nemudzidzisi kuburikidza nekukwenya chinyorwa

chemwan Wood (2014) anoti, mudzidzisi anofanira kuratidza pose paitwa mhosho nemwana

mukunyora kwake uye kuti audze mwana kuti angagadzirisa mhosho dzakadaro sei kuburikidza
nekukwenya basa sekuti mwana anokwanisa kusaisa mibvunzo nhando pamibvunzo

anokwanisa kusiirira mavara pakunyora ,mudzidzi anokwanisawo kuisa vara guru pakati

pemutsara kuburikidza nekukwenya basa mudzidzisi anogadzirisa izvi nechinyoreso chake

chitsvuku . Mwana paanoona izvi anobva aziva kuti ndakaita mhosho yokushandisa vara diki

pachinzvimbo chevara guru zvinoita kuti agadzirisei panguva inotevera kuti asaramba achiita

mhosho iyi. .Nhaurirano pakati pemudzidzisi nemwana yakakosha pakudzidzisa sezvo

,mudzidzisi achitsanangurirana nemwana pane mhosho dzavo muzvidzidzo.Mwana kana achinge

atadza kunyora basa nemazvo mudzidzisi kuburikidza nekupa basa regadziro anokwanisa

kutaurirana nemwana vachinzwanana vari vaviri izvo zvinoita vana vakwanise kunzwisisa

zvimwe zvavasingakwanise kubatika muchidzidzo vakawanda.Nekudero kukwenya basa revana

chinhu chakakosha chose mukudzidza kwacho hakungave kutungana kwembudzi.

Kukwenya basa revadzidzihakusi kutungana kwembudzi sezvo kuchishanda senzira yekusimbisa

kana kusimudzira vadzidzi pakuita basa ravo rechikoro. . Mukukwenya kwebasa revana ndimo

munoumbwa zvidakwadakwa zvekudzidza kwevana. Depree (2015) anoti kukwenya basa

revadzidzi kunoshanda senzira yekusimudzira kudzidza kwavo. Kuburikidza nekukwenywa

kwebasa ravo vadzidzi vanova vanokurudzirika pakuda kwavo kudzidza. Pavanoita basa ravo

vadzidzi kana kuti pavanodzidza vanodawo kuona mafambiro avarikuita pakudzidza kwavo.

Vanodawo kuziva kuti varikufamba sei pazvidzidzo zvavo, kuti varikubudirira here. Kukwenya

basa ravadzidzi kunoshanda senzira yekuratidza mukohwo vavadzidzi pazvidzidzo.

Kubudikidzwa nekuona mukuhwo wavo vadzidzi vanosimbiswa pakudzidza kwavo. Vanoramba

vachida kudzidza uye kuwana mukohwo urinani pamutowo wezvibodzwa. Wood (2012) anoti,

makwenyero anoita mudzidzisi basa ravana anogona kusimudza kana kuuraya chidokwadokwa

chemwana mukudzidza kweke. Zvinonyorwa nemudzidzisi paanopedza kukwenya basa

atadza kupindura mibvunzo yese mudzidzisi anotsvaga nzira yekunyorera mwana kuti

akurudzirike muzvidzidzo zvake. . Kukwenya basa revadzidzi hakusi kutungana kwembudzi

sezvo kuriko kunosimbisa vadzidzi pakudzidza kwavo

Boas (2011)anoti kukwenya basa revadzidzi kwemudzidzisi kunoita kuti vana vazire pavamire

umwe naumwe kuburikidza nezvibodzwa zvanopihwa nemudzidzisi ,kubudikidza neizvozvo

kukwenya basa revana kunosuka pfungwa yekuti kutungana kwembudzi. Brown (2014) anoti,

kune zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa navadzidzisi kuratidza mhosho dzaitwa nevana

kubva pane zvavanenge vanyora zvinosanganisira madendenedzwa, matsvunha, machekwa,

nezvimwewo zvakawanda zvinoiswa maererano nezviri kutaurwa nemudzidzisi.Pakutsvunha

basa kwemudzidzisi anoisa zvibodzwa zvinoenderana nemwana pane zvaanyora izvo zvinoita

kuti mwana agozive paamire mukudzidza semuenzaniso mwana akawana zvibodzwa gumi

zvichisvika pagumi neshanu pabasa raaapihwa rine zvibodzwa makumi maviri anove nemuino

wekuti agona zvake kusvika pakati asi anofanira kushinga chose kuti agotsvunha zvose mubasa

rinotevera. Kuperekedza zvibonzwa mudzidzisi anowanzoisa mashoko aanonyora ekuratidza

mudzidzisi paari pabasa rake akaita sekuti shanda nesimba, waedza, nawagona. Mashoko

anonyorwa nomudzidzisi anoperekedza zvibonzwa anova chikamu chekukwenya kwake basa

anoudza mudzidzisi paari uye zvaanofanira kuita. Mudzidzi paanoona zvibonzwa zvake

nemashoko akanyorwa nomudzidzisi anoona paamire uye kuti anofanira kuitasei pakuvandunza

basa rake. .Kukwenya basa revadzidzisi hakunganzi kutungana kwembudzi sezvo kuriko kunopa

mudzidzisi muono wemberi kuti ndepapi npagonekwa kana patadzikwa zvinozoita achinje nzira

yekudzidzisa nayo.
Tichitarisa ,nerimwe divi kukwenya basa revadzidzi kunoita sekutungana kwembudzi

kuburikidza nemamwe maitiro anoitwa nevadzidzisi pamakwenyero avo ebasa . Vamwe

vadzidzisi vanochinja chinja serwaivhi mukudzidzisa kwavo nerimwe zuva mhinduro

yaakamboti yakanaka nerimwe zuva ozoti haisiyo ochekera vana , akadaro panenge pasisina

kujeka mukudzidza kwevana zvinozokonzera kuti vana vaone mudzidzisi sekuti haazivi

zvaanoita zvinoita vana varase tariro mukudzidza . Izvi zvokutadza kwemudzidzisi kukwenya

basa zvinomuchechetere zvinounza mhirizhonga muchikoro nekuti vana vanenge

vavakuvhiringika kuti ndezvipi zvakananaka. Somuenzaniso, umwe mwana akatsvunhiwa kuti

mwana wemombe anonzi mhuru anonzi umwewo onyora saizvozvo obva achekerwa kuti

watadza zvinounza kuvhiringika mukudzidza zvinoita kuti basa rekukwenya basa risakosheswe

zvive zvinhu zvisina basa sezvo kuchikonzera kuti vamwe vana vavhiringike.Nekudero

mudzidzisi ngaakwenye basa nemazvo pasina kumhanya mhanya .

. Vamwe vadzidzisi vanonyora zvisingakurudzire vana pakuita basa semuenzaniso mudzidzisi

anogona kunyorera mudzidzi kuti haudi kushanda,une usimbe kana kuti siya ubenzi ,tikatarisa

manyorero aya pakukwenya basa revana anotipa pfungwa yekut kukwenya basa revana

kutungana kwembudzi nekuti vana kana vakanyorerwa mhinduro dzkaita sedzapihwa pamusoro

vanonzwa kudzikisirwa vanoona sevanhu vasina basa mukudzidza kwavo uyewo vanozvipa

muono wekuti Havana chavachaita muhupenyu .Nekudero mudzidzisi anofana kunyora mashoko

anosimudzira mweya wemudzidzi pakudzidza kwake izvo zvinoita kuti tisuke pfungwa yekuti

kukwenya basa revadzidzi hakuna maturekukwenya basa ravadzidzi kunokosha pakudzidza

nekudzidziswa kwevadzidzi.

Kuburikidza nekukwenya basa ravadzidzi mudzidzisi anongoona kuona kuti vadzidzi

vanzwisisa here zvaadzidzisa. Kukwenya basa revadzidzidzi kunoitawo kuti mudzidzisi agone
kuziva hutera nekugona kwemudzidzi woga woga. Vadzidzi vanogona kuziva pavamire

kubudikidza nekukwenywa kwebasa ravo nomudzidzisi. . Kukwenya basa revadzidzidzi

kunoitawo kuti mudzidzisi agone kuziva hutera nekugona kwemudzidzi woga woga. Vadzidzi

vanogona kuziva pavamire kubudikidza nekukwenywa kwebasa ravo nomudzidzisi. Kukwenya

basa revadzidzi kunoshanda senzira yekusimbisa kana kusimudzira vadzidzi pakuita basa ravo

rechikoro. Pamusoro pazvose kukwenya basa ravadzidzi inzira yenhaurirano pakati pemudzidzi

nemudzidzisa. Zvinonyorwa nemudzidzisi hazvifaniri kupedza tariro yemwana asi zvinofanira

kupa mwana chiedza chekuti ari mugwara uye nerimwe zuva achasvika panotarisirwa kuti

asvike.
 JERERO

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Oxford University Press

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3. Depree, H and Iversen , S .(2015). Early Literacy in the classroom. Auikland : Lands End

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learning/zw.html