10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 3:
Arithmetic Means and 詨

Term of an Arithmetic
Sequence
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter I – Module 3: Arithmetic Means and nth Term of an Arithmetic
Sequence
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Editor’s Name: Heather G. Banagui
Reviewer’s Name: Bryan A. Hidalgo
Management Team:
May B. Eclar, PhD
Benedicta B. Gamatero
Carmel F. Meris
Marciana M. Aydinan
Ethielyn E. Taqued
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Lydia I. Belingon

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 10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 - Module 3

Arithmetic Means and 詨 Term

of an Arithmetic Sequence
M10AL – Ib – c - 1
Introductory Message
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This module deals with the third learning competency in our Mathematics
10 curriculum standards; hence mastery of the skills is significant to have a
smooth progress in the next lesson. This learning material also designed to
equip the students with essential knowledge about finding the nth term and
arithmetic means of an arithmetic sequence.

For the facilitator:

Hi. As the facilitator of this module, kindly orient the learner on how to go
about in reading and answering this learning material. Please be patient and
encourage the learner to complete this module. By the way, do not forget to
remind the learner to use separate sheets in answering all of the activities
found in this module.

For the learner:

Hello learner. I hope you are ready to progress in your Grade 10
Mathematics by accomplishing this learning module. This is designed to
provide you with interactive tasks to further develop the desired learning
೐
competencies on determining arithmetic means and term of an
arithmetic sequence. This module is especially crafted for you to be able to
cope with the current lessons taken by your classmates. Please read
completely the written texts and follow the instructions carefully so that you
will be able to get the most of this learning material. We hope that you will
enjoy learning.

Here is a guide on the parts of the learning modules which you need to
understand as you progress in reading and analyzing its content.

ICON LABEL DETAIL

This will give you an idea of the skills
What I need to know or competencies you are expected to
learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that

aims to check what you already
know about the lesson to take. If
What I know
you get all the answers correct
(100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

ii
 This is a brief drill or review to help
What’s In you link the current lesson with the
previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will

be introduced to you in various ways
What’s New such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a
situation.

This section provides a brief

discussion of the lesson. This aims
What Is It to help you discover and understand
new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for

independent practice to solidify your
understanding and skills of the topic.
What’s More You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at
the end of the module.

This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
What I have Learned
process what you learned from the
lesson.

This section provides an activity

which will help you transfer your
What I Can Do
new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate

Assessment your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will

be given to you to enrich your
Additional Activities knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities

Answer Key
in the module.

iii
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that though this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. This will help you
determine arithmetic means and ೐ term of an arithmetic sequence. The
scope of this module will be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course but how
you read and answer this module is dependent on your ability.

After going through this module, you are expected to be able to demonstrate
knowledge and skill related to sequence and apply these in solving problems.
Specifically, you should be able to:
1. write a formula for the ೐ term of an arithmetic sequence,
2. use the formula to find the ೐ term or unknown term of an arithmetic
sequence,
3. define arithmetic means, and
4. determine arithmetic means of a sequence.

1
 What I Know

Find out how much you already know about the topics in this module.
Choose the letter of your answer from the given options. Take note of the
items that you are not able to answer correctly and find the right answer as
you go through this module. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 7, 10, 13, 16, . . . is 304?

a. 99th term b. 100th term c. 111th term d. 102th term

2. Find the nth term of the arithmetic sequence given the following
conditions:
=2 d= 3 n=9
a. 26 b. 27 c. 28 d. 29

3. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 2, 6, 10,….. is 102?

a. 20th term b. 25th term c. 30th term d. 35th term

4. If three arithmetic means are inserted between -15 and 9, find the first of
these arithmetic means.
a. 3 b. -3 c. -6 d. -9

5. Find the 21st term of the arithmetic sequence 6, 9, 12, 15,…

a. 61 b. 60 c. 62 d. 66

6. If three arithmetic means are inserted between 8 and 16, find the second
arithmetic mean.
a. 10 b. 12 c. 14 d. 16

7. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 3, , , …, … is -27?

a. 9th term b. 20th term c. 41th term d. 46th term

8. What is the arithmetic mean between 10 and 24?

a. 18.5 b. 19 c. 16 d. 17

2
9. What is the 10th term of the following arithmetic sequence: -5, -1, 3, 7,
11,…?
a. 31 b. 19 c. 27 d. 22

10. Insert two arithmetic means between and 4 . Which of the following
is the first arithmetic mean?

a. b. c. 3 b. 4

11. If a = -4 and a = -100. Find a 00 ?

a. -104 b. -150 c. -316 d. -400

12. If a = 8 and a 6 = 47 and ak is the kth term of the sequence and ak = 212,
then what is the value of k?
a. 61 b. 71 c. 81 d. 91

13. Insert 2 arithmetic means between 3 and 30.

a. 12, 14 b. 10, 11 c. 14, 22 d. 12, 30

14. After one second, a rocket is 30 ft above the ground. After another
second, it is 85 feet above the ground. Then after another second, it is
already 140 feet above the ground. If it continues to rise at this rate, how
many feet above the ground will the rocket be after 16 seconds?
a. 780 ft b. 830 ft c. 855 ft d. 910 ft

15. 2. An object is dropped from a plane and falls 32 feet during the first
second. For each succeeding second, it falls 40 feet more than the
distance covered in the preceding second. How far has it fallen after 11
seconds?
a. 118 feet b. 120 feet c. 115 feet d. 112feet

3
Lesson Finding the Term of an
1 Arithmetic Sequence

What’s In

In the previous module, we define arithmetic sequence and give the next
term by adding a constant number.
For example: Find the next three terms of the arithmetic sequence: 3, 8, 13,
18, …
Solution:
a. The terms are a1 = 3, a2 = 8, a3 = 13, and a4 = 18. So, we will be
finding a5, a6, and a7.
b. The common difference (d) in the sequence is 5.
c. To get the next three terms, add 5 to each of the preceding term.
Thus: a5 = a4 + 5 = 18 + 5 = 23
a6 = a5 + 5 = 23 + 5 = 28
a7 = a6 + 5 = 28 + 5 = 33

What about if the problem is to find the 100th term or the 250th term? Can
you find the terms? Using the process that is illustrated above will take
much of your time and effort. There is a short cut in doing this and that is
one of the focus of this module.

4
 What’s New

Before we find other higher terms of a sequence, let us first find lower terms.
In the arithmetic sequence: 3, 8, 13, 18,…; what is the 15th term?

Solution:
a. By adding the common difference to each of the preceding terms, we
get the following values.

n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
an 3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 43 48 53 58 63 68 73

b. Thus, the 15th term is 73.

However, using this procedure to get any higher nth term would be tedious.
Thus, a formula is necessary to find any nth term.

What is It

Let us investigate on how to determine the nth term of a sequence. In the

table:

a1 = 3 = 3
a2 = 3 + 5 = 8
a3 = 3 + 5 + 5 = 13
a4 = 3 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 18
. .
. .
. .
a13 = 3 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 63
a14 = 3 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 68
a15 = 3 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 73

5
These terms can be written in the following manner as a short cut.

a1 = 3 = 3
a2 = 3 + 5 (1) = 8
a3 = 3 + 5 (2) = 13
a4 = 3 + 5 (3) = 18
. .
. .
. .
a13 = 3 + 5 (12) = 63
a14 = 3 + 5 (13) = 68
a15 = 3 + 5 (14) = 73

Thus, if we find for the 16th term of the arithmetic sequence, then a16 = 3
+ 5 (15) = 78. We can conclude that using the pattern observed the nth term
of the sequence is an = a1 + d (n-1), where an is the term that corresponds to
nth position, a1 is the first term, and d is the common difference.

The nth term of an arithmetic sequence with first term a1 and

common difference d is given by:
an = a1 + d (n-1)

What’s More

Let us apply this formula in solving the following:

A. Find the 21st term of the arithmetic sequence: 6, 9, 12, 15,…

Solution:
a. From the sequence, = 6 , d = 3, and n = 21.
b. Using the formula, substitute these values.
a = 6 + 3 (21 – 1)
a = 6 + 3 (20)
a = 6 + 60
a = 66

c. Thus, the 21st term is 66.

6
B. In the arithmetic sequence: 7, 10, 13, 16, . . .; find n if an = 304.
Solution:
a. From the sequence, a1 = 7, d = 3, and an = 304.
b. Using the formula, substitute these values.
an = a1 + d (n-1)
304 = 7 + 3 (n – 1)
304 = 7 + 3n – 3
304 = 4 + 3n
300 = 3n
n = 100
c. Thus, 304 is the 100th term of the sequence.

C. The 3rd term of an arithmetic sequence is 8 and the 16th term is 47.
Find d, and the 71st term.
Solution:
a. From the sequence, a3 = 8 and a16 = 47
b. These imply that:
a3 = a1 + d (3-1) a16 = a1 + d (16-1)
8 = a1 + d (3-1) 47 = a1 + d (16-1)
8 = a1 + 2d Eq. 1 47 = a1 + 15d Eq. 2
c. Using Eq. 1 and Eq. 2, solve for a1 and d. By subtracting Eq. 2
by Eq. 1, then:
47 = a1 + 15d
– (8 = a1 + 2d)
39 = 13d
d=3
To solve for a1, substitute d = 3 to either Eq. 1 or Eq. 2. Using Eq. 1:
8 = a1 + 2(3)
8 = a1 + 6
a1 = 2

Thus, the nth term of the arithmetic sequence is an = 2 + 3(n-1)

d. Using an = 2 + 3(n-1), we can solve for the 71st term.

a71 = 2 + 3(71-1)
a71 = 2 + 3(70)
a71 = 2 + 210
a71 = 212

7
Alternative Solution: Another way to solve d is to use the difference
formula:

Given : ak = a = 8; k = 3 and an = a 6 = 47; n = 16

an ak 8
Thus, d n k 6

D. After one second, a rocket is 30 ft above the ground. After another

second, it is 85 feet above the ground. Then after another second, it
is already 140 feet above the ground. If it continues to rise at this
rate, how many feet above the ground will the rocket be after 16
seconds?
Solution:
a. From the problem we let the given be
a = 30
a = 85
a = 140
b. Find first d by substituting the given value of a and a in the
formula then simplify.
an = a1 + d (n-1)
85= 30 + d (2-1)
55 = d
c. To find a 6 , the unknown in the problem substitute the obtained
value of d and the given value of a in the formula then simplify.
a16 = a1 + d (16-1)
= 30 + 55 (16-1)
= 855
d. Thus, the rocket will b 855 ft above the ground after 16 seconds.

Assessment:
A. Find the specified nth term of each arithmetic sequence.

_________1. 2, 5, 8, …; 9th term

_________ 2. 3, 5 7, …; 20th term

_________ 3. 1, , 0, …; 16th term

_________ 4. 5, 11, 17, …; 9th term

_________ 5. 26, 22, 18, …; 40th term

__________6. 103rd term of the arithmetic sequence if = -5 and d = -4

8
 __________7. 19th term of the arithmetic sequence if = 25 and d = -2

__________8. 25th term of the arithmetic sequence if = and d = 8

.

B. Solve what is asked.

_________ 1. In the sequence 2, 6, 10, …; find n if the nth term is 102.

_________ 2. In the sequence 3, , , …; find n if the nth term is -27.

_________ 3. Find the15th term of the sequence if 8 = 5 and = -60

_________ 4. Find 5th term of the sequence if = 29 and = 47

_________ 5. If a , a 00 , what is the value of a 00 ?

What I Have Learned

Let us see if you understood our lesson by answering the following questions.
1. State the general formula of finding the nth term of an arithmetic
sequence.
2. Given an arithmetic sequence, how do we find the common
difference?
3. Given two different nth terms of an arithmetic sequence, how do we
find for the common difference?

What I Can Do

A. Give what is asked:

______1. The 10th term of the arithmetic sequence if = -15 and d = 6

______2. The 39th term of the arithmetic sequence if = 40 and d =

9
B. Find the specified term of each arithmetic sequence.
___________ 1. 1.4, 4.5, 7.6, …; The 41st term
___________ 2. 9, 18, 27,…; the 23rd term
___________ 3. 14, 6, -2,…; 27th term
___________ 4. 3, 3.25, 3.5,…; 16th term
___________ 5. 1, 4, 7,…; 28th term

C. Find the specified term.

_____1. In the sequence: 0.12, 0.17, 0.22, …; find n if the nth term is 67?
____2. In the sequence: 10, 7, 4, …; what term has a value of -296?
____3. In the sequence: 2, 6, 10, 14, …; what n corresponds to an= 286?
____4. Find 1st term of the sequence if a = 26 and a = 47
____5. If a = 85 , and a 8 = 100 , what is a ?

Lesson Computing Arithmetic

2 Means

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you learned how to determine the nth term of an
arithmetic sequence.
For example: In the sequence: 10, 15, 20, 25,…; what term has a value of
385?
Solution:
a. Using the formula, an = a + d(n – 1):
385 = 10 + 5 ( n – 1 )
385 = 10 + 5n -5
385 = 5n + 5
5n = 385 – 5
5n = 380
n = 76

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 b. Thus, 385 is the 76th term of the given sequence.

The next lesson intends to discuss with you how to compute arithmetic
means.

What’s New

The focus of this module has something to do with finding the arithmetic
means.

For example: In the sequence: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24; find its arithmetic means.

Solution:
a. The arithmetic mean is a term between the first term and the last term.
b. Thus, 8, 12, 16, and 20 are the arithmetic means of the sequence
because these terms are between 4 and 24, which are the first and last
term, respectively.

What is It

The first and last terms of a finite arithmetic sequences are called
arithmetic extremes, and the terms in between are called arithmetic
means. In the sequence 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24; the terms 4 and 24 are the
arithmetic extremes, while 8, 12, 16, and 20 are the arithmetic means. Also,
8 is the arithmetic mean of the arithmetic extremes, 4 and 12.

The arithmetic mean between two numbers is sometimes called the average
of two numbers. If more than one arithmetic means will be inserted between
two arithmetic extremes, the formula for d, which is
an ak
d
n k
, can be used.

The formula for d can be used to find the arithmetic means if more
than one arithmetic means will be inserted between two arithmetic
extremes.
an ak
d
n k

11
Let’s Try!

A. What is the arithmetic mean between 10 and 24?

Solution
a. Using the average formula, get the arithmetic mean of 10 and 24.
0h
b. Thus, is the arithmetic mean.

Activity 1: Using the example above, solve for the

arithmetic mean of each of the pairs of arithmetic
extremes.
1. 86, _____, 45
2. 135, _____, 170
3. 50, _____, - 30
4. 125, _____, 60
5. 43, _____, 89

B. Insert three arithmetic means between 8 and 16.

Solution:
a. If three arithmetic means will be inserted between 8 and 16, then
a1= 8 and a5 = 16.
b. Using the formula for d, compute for the common difference.
an ak a a 6 8 8
d
n k
c. The arithmetic means are a2, a3, and a4.
a2 = a1 + d = 8 + 2 = 10
a3 = a2 + d = 10 + 2 = 12
a4 = a3 + d = 12 + 2 = 14
d. Thus, the three arithmetic means between the arithmetic extremes,
8 and 16, are 10, 12, and 14.

C. Insert two arithmetic means between and

Solution:
a. If two arithmetic means will be inserted between and , then
a1= and a4 = .
b. Using the formula for d, compute for the common difference.
an ak a a
d
n k

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 c. The arithmetic means are a2 and a3
a2 = a1 + d = + =2
a3 = a2 + d = 2 + =3
d. Thus, the two arithmetic means between and are 2 and
3 .

D. Find the missing terms of the arithmetic sequence: _____, 6, _____,

_____, 30.
Solution:
a. The arrangement of the terms tells that a2 = 6 and a5 = 30. We are
supposed to find for a1, a3, and a4.
b. To find for the unknown, determine the common difference (d).
an ak a a 0 6
d 8
n k
c. Thus, the value of a2, a3, and a4 are:
a1 = a2 – d = 6 – 8 = –2
a3 = a2 + d = 6 + 8 = 14
a4 = a3 + d = 14 + 8 = 22

Activity 2: Find the missing terms of the following

sequence
1. 15, _____, _____, _____, _____, 45
2. _____, 7, 13, _____, _____
3. _____, 4, _____, 18, _____
4. _____, 9, _____, _____, 36
5. 6, _____, _____, _____, 32

What’s More

Let’s Do It!

A. What is the arithmetic mean between the two given arithmetic extremes?

_______________ 1. 5 and 19

_______________ 2. 3 + 8 and –6

13
 _______________ 3. -2 and 58

________________ 4. 2x + 3y and x – 5y

________________ 5. 13.8 and 15.6

B. Insert the specified number of arithmetic means between the two given
arithmetic extremes.
_______________ 1. Three arithmetic means between 2 and 22.

_______________ 2. Four arithmetic means between 8 and 23.

_______________ 3. Two arithmetic means between 41 and 95.

_______________ 4. Two arithmetic means between -5 and 1.

_______________ 5. Two arithmetic means between 97 and 172.

C. Find the missing terms of each arithmetic sequence:

1. 7, _____, 9

2. 1, _____,

3. 8, _____, _____, _____, 20

4. -4, _____, _____, 5

5. -5, _____, _____, _____, _____, 3

What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions:

1. How do we find the arithmetic mean of two arithmetic extremes?
2. When two or more arithmetic means are inserted between two
arithmetic extremes, how are they computed?
3. Do infinite sequences have arithmetic means? Why?

14
 What I Can Do

A. What is the arithmetic mean between the given arithmetic extremes?

_______________ 1. 19 and 7

_______________ 2. and

_______________ 3. 15x and 23x

_______________ 4. and 11
_______________ 5. 6 - 7 and 2 + 3
B. Insert the specified number of arithmetic means between the given
arithmetic extremes.

_______________ 1. Three arithmetic means between 18 and 92.

_______________ 2. Three arithmetic means between -14 and 6.

_______________ 3. Four arithmetic means between 24 and -8.

_______________ 4. Five arithmetic means between 6 and -18.

_______________ 5. Two arithmetic means between 2 and 14 .

C. Find the missing terms of each arithmetic sequence:

1. x, _____, 9x

2. 31, _____, _____, 85

3. _____, _____, _____,17, 23, 29

4. x, _____, 11x

5. _____, 6 , _____, _____, 30

15
 Assessment

Choose the letter of your answer from the given options. Write your answer
on a separate paper.

1. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 5, 9, 13, 17, … is 409?

a. 99th term b. 100th term c. 111th term d. 102th term

2. Find the nth term of the arithmetic sequence given the following
conditions:
=5 d= 5 n=25
a. 25th term=115 b. 25th term=125 c. 25th term=120 d. 25th term=130

3. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 5, 9, 13, 17,….. is 401?

a. 99th term b. 100th term c. 111th term d. 112th term

4. If three arithmetic means are inserted between -15 and 9, find the first of
these arithmetic means.
a. 3 b. -3 c. -6 d. -9

5. Find the 20th term of the arithmetic sequence 5, 9, 13, 17, 21,…
a. 81 b. 80 c. 82 d. 87

6. If three arithmetic means are inserted between 11 and 39, find the second
arithmetic mean.
a. 18 b. 25 c. 32 d. 46

7. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 4, 1, -2, -5, … is -29?

a. 9th term b. 10th term c. 11th term d. 12th term

8. What is the arithmetic mean between 15 and 40?

a. 28.5 b. 29 c. 26 d. 27.5

9. What is the 8th term of the following arithmetic sequence: -5, -1, 3, 7,
11,…?
a. 23 b. 19 c. 27 d. 22

10. Which of the following is an arithmetic mean between 2- and 4 - ?

b. 3- b. 3- c. 3+ b. 3+

11. If a = -3 and a = 5. Find a 0 ?

a. 14 b. 15 c. 16 d. 17

16
12. If a = 11 and a = 7 and ak is the kth term of the sequence and ak = -9,
then what is the value of k?
a. 11 b. 12 c. 13 d. 14

13. Insert 3 arithmetic means between 8 and 16.

b. 10, 12, 14 b. 9, 10, 11 c. 9, 11, 13 d. 12, 15, 16.

14. After one second, a rocket is 40 ft above the ground. After another
second, it is 95 feet above the ground. Then after another second, it is
already 150 feet above the ground. If it continues to rise at this rate, how
many feet above the ground will the rocket be after 16 seconds?
a. 780 ft b. 830 ft c. 855 ft d. 865 ft

15. Jose is the track and field representative of the Municipal NHS for the
provincial meet. He begins training by running 5 miles during the first
week, 6.5 miles during the second week, and 8 miles on the third week.
If his training pattern continues, how far will he run on the tenth week?
a. 18.5 miles b. 20 miles c. 21.5 miles d. 23 miles

Additional Activity

Solve the following word problems correctly. Give what is asked.

1. You have accepted a job with a salary of P27,000.00 a month during
the first year. At the end of each year, you receive a P1,500.00 raise.
What is your monthly salary during the first six years?

2. An object is dropped from a plane and falls 32 feet during the first
second. For each succeeding second, it falls 40 feet more than the
distance covered in the preceding second. How far has it fallen after 11
seconds?

17
Answer Key

18
19
References
Callanta, Melvin M., et al.2015. Mathematics Learner’s Module.Pasig City.

Nivera, Gladys C. and Lapinid, Minie Rose C.2015,Grade 10 Mathematics: Patterns

and Practicalities. Makati City, Don Bosco Press.

20
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

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Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph