Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

SED PROF 212: ASSESSMENT IN LEARNING 1

MODULE 3: PRINCIPLES OF HIGH-QUALITY ASSESSMENT

ACTIVITY 1: RECALL & REFLECT

One of the most important principles of high quality assessment is clarity of learning
outcomes. Recall if these learning outcomes are being communicated to you by your teachers
before the lesson discussion and ahead of the administration of tests. Write an essay on the
importance of communicating lesson and assessment targets to learners and emphasize on its
effect on your performance. Use the box below.

The importance of communicating lesson is a way for instructors/teachers and

learners/students to have a better relationship wherein they can exchange of ideas or
information through the discussion. Instructor/teacher need to deliver clearly the
statements/ideas/information to the students to understand every details. Assessment is
also important because it is accommodating to the instructors/teachers and
learners/students for them identify their weaknesses and strength when it comes to
analyzing and understanding the topic before, during and after. I think as a student and
future educator, assessment and communicating lessons is important because it will help us
boost our self-esteem and as a future educator, assessment and communicating lessons is
highly needed for me to have a great performance in all aspects of my life.

Activity2: Search & Sort

Use the internet to look for sample lesson plans in your field of specialization. Examine
the learning targets/outcomes or lesson objectives. Classify them whether they fall under
Knowledge, Reasoning, Product or Affective learning targets. Write the learning targets using
the space below.
Students will:
 Improve students willingness to try problems and improve their perseverance
when solving problems
 Improve student self concepts with respect to the abilities to solve problems
 Make students aware of the problem solving strategies
 Make students aware of the value of approaching problems in a systematic
manner.
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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

 Make a student aware that many problems can be solved in more than one way.
 Improve students abilities to select appropriate solution strategies.
 Improve students abilities to implement solution strategies accurately.
 Improve students abilities abilities to get more correct answer to problems.
 find a strategy
 developing skills and the ability to apply this skills to unfamiliar situation,
 gathering organizing, interpreting and communicating information

Knowledg Reasonin Product Affect

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 Republic of the Philippines
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

nt
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LEARNING TASK #3 MATCH-MAKER

List 10 learning targets (you may search for syllabi or lesson plans in the internet).
Identify what assessment method is the most appropriate and the least appropriate assessment
method in each learning target. Justify why the method is least and most appropriate. Use the
table below.

Learning Target Assessment Method Justification

1. students will Least Appropriate: Oral question test is the
understand the terms OBSERVATION most appropriate because
function, domain, from the situation itself a
range, on-one teacher san just ask the
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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

function, inverse Most Appropriate: ORAL student to identify it and

function and QUESTION observation is the least
composition of appropriate because it
function. doesn’t need any
documentation or doesn’t
have any events to be
monitored.
2. Students can identify Least Appropriate: Objective test is needed
the range of a given OBSERVATION because there is a tendency
function in simple that through chapter test and
cases, and find the multiple choice students can
Most Appropriate:
composition of identify the difference least
functions OBJECTIVE TEST appropriate because it
doesn’t need any
documentation
3. students will Least Appropriate: Oral question test is the
understand the OBSERVATION most appropriate because
integration as the from the situation itself a
reverse process of teacher san just ask the
Most Appropriate: ORAL
differentiation and student to identify it and
integrate together QUESTION observation is the least
with constant appropriate because it
multiples, sums and doesn’t need any
difference documentation or doesn’t
have any events to be
monitored.
4. Students will solve Least Appropriate: Performance base is
the problems OBJECTIVE TEST The most appropriate
involving the because it is obvious that
evaluation of a they need to perform a role
Most
constant of play wherein they need
integration Appropriate:PERFORMANCE
skills in acting and objective
BASED test is the least appropriate
because it role playing
multiple choice or any type
of test is not needed.
5. students must be Least Appropriate: SELF Objective test is needed
evaluate definite REPORT because there is a tendency
integrals that through chapter test and
multiple choice students can
Most Appropriate:
identify the difference while
OBJECTIVE TEST self-report is the least
because facts is needed not
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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

the belief or just their idea.

6. Students will Least Appropriate: Oral question test is the
understand the OBSERVATION most appropriate because
trapezium rule to from the situation itself a
estimate the value of teacher san just ask the
Most Appropriate: ORAL
a definite integral. student to identify it and
QUESTION observation is the least
appropriate because it
doesn’t need any
documentation or doesn’t
have any events to be
monitored.
7. Student will yse the Least Appropriate: SELF Objective test is needed
logarithms to solve REPORT because there is a tendency
equations and that through chapter test and
inqualities in which multiple choice students can
Most Appropriate:
the unknown appears identify the difference while
in indices. OBJECTIVE TEST self-report is the least
because facts is needed not
the belief or just their idea.
8. Students will least Appropriate: SELF Performance base as most
differentiate products REPORT appropriate because it
and quotients shows that the students must
read speak and listen
Most Appropriate:
wherein in, they need to act
PERFORMANCE BASE to that situation and self-
report is the; least because
their beliefs and etc are not
that much needed.
9. Students will find Least Appropriate: SELF REPORT IS most
and use derivative OBJECTIVE TEST appropriate because it
function directs to the student’s life
and objective test is the least
Most Appropriate:SELF
appropriate because you
REPORT don’t need multiple choice
or whatever to do it.
10. Students will listen, least Appropriate: SELF Performance base as most
speak and read REPORT appropriate because it
related shows that the students must
About the topic read speak and listen
Most Appropriate:
wherein in, they need to act
PERFORMANCE BASE to that situation and self-
report is the; least because
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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

their beliefs and etc are not

that much needed.

Activity 4
Answer the following questions completely:
1. Explain why validity implies reliability but not the reverse.
-Reliability and validity are two important characteristics of any measurement procedure.
The more consistent the results produced, the higher the reliability of the measurement
procedure.This means it looks at the extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure,
and therefore, answers the research question or hypothesis. How valid a test is, depends on the
purpose of the research.
Despite being very different, both reliability and validity are important in research.  As the
saying goes ‘a valid test is always reliable but a reliable test is not necessarily valid’, but it is
important to ensure that both reliability and validity are demonstrated. it is common among
teachers to refer to types of assessment, whether a selected response test (i.e. multiple-choice,
true/false, etc.) or a constructed response test that requires rubric scoring (i.e. essays,
performances, etc.) as being reliable and valid. Technically, it is not the test itself but rather the
resulting test score or rubric score that must have a high degree of reliability and validity.
Reliability refers to the degree to which scores from a particular test are consistent from one use
of the test to the next. Validity refers to the degree to which a test score can be interpreted and
used for its intended purpose. Reliability is a very important piece of validity evidence. A test
score could have high reliability and be valid for one purpose, but not for another purpose.
There’s are other pieces of validity evidence in addition to reliability that are used to determine
the validity of a test score. Of great importance is that the test items or rubrics match the learning
outcomes that the test is measuring and that the instruction given matches the outcomes and what
is assessed.

2. How does the validity and reliability of a test affect the performances of learners
and teachers?
-This result may respond whether these validity and reliability changes something to students
test result or it has nothing to do. For the teachers, it will affect to them in the way that how their
students answers their test, It will show whether they are an effective teacher or not this will
boost their performance as a teacher because as they see the result it will triggered them to
continue teaching as they know there are positive results coming from their students. Imagine if
students continue to failed in the test it means that they cannot fully understand what the teachers
gave to them including the instruction.
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ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

ACTIVITY 5
Narrate your experience of unfair assessment. Write how did it affect you and what did you
do to overcome it? Choose a pair and share your experience.
The teacher gave us the whole period to write about it and after checking she commented
a lot of negative comments wherein the words used were beyond the belt. These negative
comments from her discourage me or put me down in the way that why write that comments in a
positive way instead of using those inappropriate words. I feel so down that time thinking that I
cannot write a good reflection wherein I think it is related and connected on what is given. To
overcome it I just made that comments as motivation and inspiration.

ASSESSMENT TASKS

Part I. Multiple Choice

Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Encircle the letter of choice and use the space
provided for to justify your answer.
1. Mrs. Cruz is designing a test for her class in TLE. The assessment objective of one of her
topics is “to perform skirting and table setting”. Under what category of learning target
does the assessment objective fall?
a. Knowledge c. Product

B Skill d. Affect
Justification: Skill because as you can see the teachers want her students to perform
skirting and table setting wherein students need to demonstrate it.
2. Which of the following learning targets fall under Knowledge?
a. to draw the graph of a linear function
b. to develop a lesson plan
c to identify the parts of a microscope
d. to create a model of the different three-dimension figures
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Justification To identify the parts of microscope will fall under knowledge because
students can just recall what are the different parts of it since it was taught many
times by their teachers.

3. A Mathematics teacher is planning to test the ability of her students to derive the formula
in finding the equation of a parabola. What assessment method should she use?
a Questioning c. Performance-based
B. Observation d. Essay
Justification: Questioning is suitable in this situation because the teacher can directly
ask in an oral assessment the students on what will be the derived formula.

4. What is the most appropriate method is assessing students’ interest and behavior?
A Self-report c. Interview
B. Observation d. Reflection/Essay
Justification: Self-report is the most appropriate because teachers can assess
students’ behavior and interest because they can write their own feelings and
interest through asking about it.

5. Which of the following is not a good match?

a. Knowledge and Performance-based Test
b. Affect and Essay Test
c Skills and Objective Test
D . Reasoning and Oral Question
Justification: Skills and objective test because they are not interrelated with each
other wherein objective test is in a written form while skills need performance or
action.

PART II. ANALYSIS

Directions: Analyze the given situation and answer the questions in essay form.
The new normal, teachers may find themselves administering tests online and at the same
giving due consideration to students who have poor internet connectivity. Learning Management
System. How do you think this kind of new set-up in assessing student learning can affect the
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validity and reliability of the test? Recommend some tips and techniques, or ways on how to
ensure the validity and reliability of assessment while giving considerations to the situation of
the learners. The pandemic really shocks both teachers and students. It is very that there are
adjustments need to do in order to continue education. Though these pandemics will not beat the
teachers and student’s willingness to learn. Even with this pandemic I can say that teachers
continuously assessing their students in a new normal way wherein they ensure the safety of the
students and of course the knowledge that will be imparted to the is still continuous. At first, it is
hard in our part as a student to answer those assessments made by our teachers because they will
just send it and it is up with us to learn and understand it. I think this kind of set-up really affects
the validity and reliability of the test because teachers will not easily notify whether that students
really did that assessments or they just seek help and let another person do it. We all know that
internet is also the number one source of information where students will just type what they
want to know and they will just copy paste it but of course some teachers may see it and some
cannot. As the pandemic starts teachers need to consider the state of every student because
pandemic also affects not just physically but also mentally. I can recommend that to ensure
validity and reliability of assessments through just a simple essay question wherein their
opinions and knowledge are needed in order to avoid plagiarism. I can also advice that teacher
must set time or deadlines for all the requirements and activities they will impose.

Part III. Essay

Directions: Differentiate the following types of test using your own words.
1. teacher-made test and standardized tests
-Teacher-made test was used to evaluate students’ progress in school. It is an easy way of
assessing students’ wherein teachers can easily identify the students’ strength and
weaknesses while standardized test were not simple constructed test and test were used
where the content, and etc. were fixed and standardized in a particular age, and group of
the students.
2. objective and subjective tests
-Objective test requires definite answers and it can just be identified whether it is right or
wrong while subjective test is opinionated test wherein students can give their thoughts
and feelings about the certain question. They can explain their side or expand their
explanation.
3. speed and power tests
-Speed test are test given with a set time wherein students must answer it and questions
where in the same level of difficulty while power tests don’t have time limit and it was
made in order from the easiest to difficult.
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4. Performance and paper-and-pencil tests

-Performance test is test wherein it requires students to do the tasks or activities through
performing or simply students shows what they know while paper-an pencil test refers to
the old format of assessing students wherein they will answer it through writing what did
you know in a paragraph and etc.
5. Individually and group administered tests