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    0 1 (LC) 0 G 0 0 1 + R (R +R) 0

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    james
    The document discusses transient phenomena in terminated coaxial transmission lines. It explains that applying a voltage source to the input of a lossless transmission line results in a voltage wave propagating down the line. The wave will be reflected if it encounters a change in impedance at the termination. Specifcally: 1) There is no reflection at the load if the load resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 2) There is no reflection at the source if the source resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 3) Several experiments are described that illustrate these principles by varying transmission line parameters like source voltage, resistances, and length.

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    0 1 (LC) 0 G 0 0 1 + R (R +R) 0

    Uploaded by

    james
    15 views6 pages
    The document discusses transient phenomena in terminated coaxial transmission lines. It explains that applying a voltage source to the input of a lossless transmission line results in a voltage wave propagating down the line. The wave will be reflected if it encounters a change in impedance at the termination. Specifcally: 1) There is no reflection at the load if the load resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 2) There is no reflection at the source if the source resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 3) Several experiments are described that illustrate these principles by varying transmission line parameters like source voltage, resistances, and length.

    Original Description:

    experiment file

    Original Title

    practical3 EMT

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    The document discusses transient phenomena in terminated coaxial transmission lines. It explains that applying a voltage source to the input of a lossless transmission line results in a voltage wave propagating down the line. The wave will be reflected if it encounters a change in impedance at the termination. Specifcally: 1) There is no reflection at the load if the load resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 2) There is no reflection at the source if the source resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 3) Several experiments are described that illustrate these principles by varying transmission line parameters like source voltage, resistances, and length.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views6 pages

    0 1 (LC) 0 G 0 0 1 + R (R +R) 0

    Uploaded by

    james
    The document discusses transient phenomena in terminated coaxial transmission lines. It explains that applying a voltage source to the input of a lossless transmission line results in a voltage wave propagating down the line. The wave will be reflected if it encounters a change in impedance at the termination. Specifcally: 1) There is no reflection at the load if the load resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 2) There is no reflection at the source if the source resistance equals the characteristic impedance. 3) Several experiments are described that illustrate these principles by varying transmission line parameters like source voltage, resistances, and length.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    RITIK TIWARI 28-08-2020

    2k18/EP/064

    AIM
    To Observe the transient phenomenon of terminated coaxial transmission line
    in order to study their time domain behaviour.

    Theory
    A Transmission Line is a device designed to guide the electrical energy from one
    point to another. It is used for example, to transfer the RF energy from source
    to antenna.
    Coaxial Transmission Lines:
    This type of transmission line consists of an inner conductor and outer conductor
    separated by a dielectric medium. This structure has the important advantage
    of confining the electric and magnetic fields entirely within the dielectric region.
    No stray fields are usually generated inside a coaxial transmission line, and little
    external interference is coupled into the line.
    This experiment deals with the transient phenomenon of terminated coaxial
    transmission lines in time domain. Let us consider that the transmission line is
    lossless i.e. , R=0,pG=0. Therefore the characteristic impedance becomes pure
    resistance, R0 = (L/C) and the voltage and current waves propagate along
    the line with a velocity u, where u = √ 1
    (LC)
    In simple case, a DC voltage source V0 is applied through a series (internal)
    resistance Rg at t = 0 to the input terminals of a lossless line terminated in a
    characteristic resistance R0 . Since the impedance
    h lookingi into the terminated
    line is R0 , a voltage wave of magnitude V1 + = (R0R+R0
    g)
    V0 travels down the
    line in the +z-direction with a velocity u.

    1
    If we plot the voltage across the line at z = z1 as a function of time, we obtain
    a delayed step function at t = z1 /u as in figure shown below.

    If both the series resistance Rg and the load resistance RL are not equal to R0
    as in figure 2, the situation is more complicated.

    When the switch


    h is closed
    i at t=0, the dc source sends a voltage wave of mag-
    R0
    nitude V1 + = (R0 +Rg ) V0 in the +z direction with a velocity u = √ 1 as
    (LC)
    before because the V+1 wave has no knowledge about the nature of the load at
    the other end. This wave reaches the load end z=l at T = u1 . Since R 6= R0 ,
    − +
    a reflected wave
    h will itravel in the –z direction with a magnitude V1 = ΓL V1
    L −R0
    where ΓL = R RL +R0 is the reflection coefficient of the load resistance RL .

    2
    Observations and Results
    0.1 Parameters and properties of Transmission line
    Source Voltage: 12V
    Source Resistance : 100Ω
    Load Resistance : 200Ω
    Number of Cycles : 10
    Length of transmission lines : 100m
    Characteristic impedance : 50Ω
    Relative Dielectric Constant of transmission line ”” : 9

    0.2 Parameters and properties of Transmission line


    Source Voltage: 15V
    Source Resistance : 100Ω
    Load Resistance : 150Ω
    Number of Cycles : 10
    Length of transmission lines : 120m
    Characteristic impedance : 150Ω
    Relative Dielectric Constant of transmission line ”” : 9

    3
    As RL = R0 , there will be no reflection. This is because reflection coefficient
    for load resistance is zero as shown below.
    RL − R0
    ΓL = (1)
    RL + R0
    Putting values RL = 150Ω and R0 = 150Ω, the reflection coefficient of load
    resistance will become 0.

    0.3 Parameters and properties of Transmission line


    Source Voltage: 15V
    Source Resistance : 200Ω
    Load Resistance : 300Ω
    Number of Cycles : 10
    Length of transmission lines : 120m
    Characteristic impedance : 200Ω
    Relative Dielectric Constant of transmission line ”” : 9

    4
    As RG = R0 , there will be reflection only once, no reflection will occur from
    source. This is because reflection coefficient for Source resistance is zero as
    shown below.
    RG − R0
    ΓL = (2)
    RG + R0
    Putting values RG = 200Ω and R0 = 200Ω, the reflection coefficient of load
    resistance will become 0.

    0.4 Parameters and properties of Transmission line


    Source Voltage: 15V
    Source Resistance : 250Ω
    Load Resistance : 0Ω
    Number of Cycles : 10
    Length of transmission lines : 120m
    Characteristic impedance : 200Ω
    Relative Dielectric Constant of transmission line ”” : 9

    5
    Conclusions
    • There will be no reflection at the load resistance end (as reflection coeffi-
    cient for load resistance becomes 0) for RL = R0 .
    • There is no reflection at the source (series resistance) end (as reflection
    coefficient for series resistance becomes 0) for RG = R0 .
    • When the magnitude of reflection coefficients becomes 1, it means that
    the voltage will remain same after reflection and minus sign means that
    the phase has been changed by 180 degrees.
    • The voltage observed above converges to a certain value. For ideal lossless
    transmission lines, the time taken for the voltage to converge must be
    infinite.

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