Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 152 views

    Complement Fixation Test تقرير د-حيدر-محول

    Uploaded by

    YASMINA
    The complement fixation test uses sheep red blood cells coated with anti-sheep antibody to detect the presence of antigen-antibody complexes. Patient serum is mixed with a known antigen, and if antibody is present it will bind the antigen to form complexes that deplete complement from the solution. Sheep red blood cells are then added along with complement; if complement was previously depleted, the cells will not lyse, indicating a positive result for antibody in the patient's serum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Complement Fixation Test تقرير د-حيدر-محول

    Uploaded by

    YASMINA
    152 views5 pages
    The complement fixation test uses sheep red blood cells coated with anti-sheep antibody to detect the presence of antigen-antibody complexes. Patient serum is mixed with a known antigen, and if antibody is present it will bind the antigen to form complexes that deplete complement from the solution. Sheep red blood cells are then added along with complement; if complement was previously depleted, the cells will not lyse, indicating a positive result for antibody in the patient's serum.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The complement fixation test uses sheep red blood cells coated with anti-sheep antibody to detect the presence of antigen-antibody complexes. Patient serum is mixed with a known antigen, and if antibody is present it will bind the antigen to form complexes that deplete complement from the solution. Sheep red blood cells are then added along with complement; if complement was previously depleted, the cells will not lyse, indicating a positive result for antibody in the patient's serum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    152 views5 pages

    Complement Fixation Test تقرير د-حيدر-محول

    Uploaded by

    YASMINA
    The complement fixation test uses sheep red blood cells coated with anti-sheep antibody to detect the presence of antigen-antibody complexes. Patient serum is mixed with a known antigen, and if antibody is present it will bind the antigen to form complexes that deplete complement from the solution. Sheep red blood cells are then added along with complement; if complement was previously depleted, the cells will not lyse, indicating a positive result for antibody in the patient's serum.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Complement Fixation Test

    It is a classic method for demonstrating the presence of antibody in patient serum.


    It is based on the principle that antigen-antibody complex fixes the complement. As
    coupling of complement has no visible effects or changes, it is necessary to use an
    indicator system consisting of sheep RBC and coated with anti-sheep RBC antibody.
    Complement lyses antibody coated RBC.

    The complement fixation test consists of two


    components.
    The first component is an indicator system that uses combination of sheep
    red blood cells, complement-fixing antibody such as immunoglobulin G
    produced against the sheep red blood cells and an exogenous source of
    complement usually guinea pig serum. When these elements are mixed in
    optimum conditions, the anti-sheep antibody binds on the surface of red
    blood cells. Complement subsequently binds to this antigen -antibody
    complex formed and will cause the red blood cells to lyse.
    The second component is Test System (A known antigen and patient serum
    added to a suspension of sheep red blood cells in addition to complement).
    These two components of the complement fixation method are tested in
    sequence. Patient serum is first added to the known antigen, and
    complement is added to the solution. If the serum contains antibody to the
    antigen, the resulting antigen-antibody complexes will bind all of the
    complement. Sheep red blood cells and the anti-sheep antibody are then
    added. If complement has not been bound by an antigen-antibody complex
    formed from the patient serum and known antigens, it is available to bind to
    the indicator system of sheep cells and anti-sheep antibody. Lysis of the
    indicator sheep red blood cells signifies both a lack of antibody in patient
    serum and a negative complement fixation test. If the patient’s serum does
    contain a complement-fixing antibody, a positive result will be indicated by
    the lack of red blood cell lysis.

    Steps of Complement Fixation Test


    Step 1: A known antigen and inactivated patient’s serum are incubated with
    a standardized, limited amount of complement. If the serum contains
    specific, complement activating antibody the complement will be activated or
    fixed by the antigen-antibody complex. However, if there is no antibody in
    the patient’s serum, there will be no formation of antigen-antibody complex,
    and therefore complement will not be fixed. But will remain free.
    Step 2: The second step detects whether complement has been utilized in
    the first step or not. This is done by adding the indicator system. If the
    complement is fixed in the first step owing to the presence of antibody there
    will be no complement left to fix to the indicator system. However, if there is
    antibody in the patient’s serum, there will be no antigen-antibody complex,
    and therefore, complement will be present free or unfixed in the mixture.
    This unfixed complement will now react with the antibody- coated sheep red
    blood cells to bring about their lysis.
    Thus, no lysis of sheep red blood cells (positive CFT) indicates the presence
    of antibody in the test serum, while lysis of sheep red blood cells (Negative
    CFT) indicates the absence of antibody in the serum.
    Advantages of Complement Fixation Test
    1. Ability to screen against a large number of viral and bacterial infections
    at the same time.
    2. Economical.

    Disadvantages of Complement Fixation


    Test
    1. Not sensitive – cannot be used for immunity screening.
    2. Time-consuming.
    3. Often non-specific e.g. cross-reactivity between Herpes Simplex Virus
    and Voricella Zoster Virus.
    https://microbenotes.com/

    https://bio.libretexts.org/

    You might also like