Review of Related Literature and Studies

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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This section presents the related literature and studies that is relevant and significant to
the current studies. This will be a guide to the research about the said topic presented in the next
chapters.
Foreign and Local Literature
According to Dutta (2019), Sleep deprivation can result from various conditions, such as
physical illness, mental illness, aging, etc. In general, an adult person should get 7 – 8 hours of
sleep for a good health condition. Not getting the right amount of sleep can initiate various health
problems, such as lack of concentration, drowsiness, fatigue, reduced ability to fight off
infection, lack of physical strength, and reduced memory function. All these initial symptoms
can eventually cause serious complications, such as insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy,
hallucination, mood swing, depression, and other mental illness. It can also increase the risk of
heart attack, stroke, and asthma.
According to the 2016 Healthy Living Index Survey, Filipinos have one of the highest
rates of sleep deprivation in Asia; 46% of Filipinos do not get enough sleep while 32% said they
sleep for less than six hours. Beyond lifestyle habits, one of the most common causes of poor
sleep quality is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), a condition that disrupts the sleep cycle and
affects one’s energy, intellectual performance and long-term health. Due to collapsed airways, a
patient with OSA stops breathing repeatedly thereby disrupting sleep. The disorder often goes
undiagnosed due to the lack of awareness both on the part of the patients as well as primary care
physicians. Untreated OSA in the long-run can result in life-threatening conditions such as
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cardiovascular diseases; type 2 diabetes, abnormal heart rhythms, high blood pressure and even
stroke.
Foreign and Local Studies
As stated by Segaren (2018), most students probably know that depriving themselves
from sleep is bad, but nonetheless they’re willing to sacrifice sleep and as a consequence, health,
telling their selves it’s just for a short time and they can soon start sleeping 12-hours a day once
the semester draws to a close. But research shows that sleep is extremely important, not just
during finals week but throughout the entire semester. College students are known for slapdash
sleeping habits, but these patterns could be detrimentally impacting your performance, and it’s
time to nip them in the bud. A study by Brigham and Women’s Hospital shows how a regular
bed time has a significant impact on sleep, not just the number of hours slept. The research
measured sleep and circadian rhythms as well as the association to academic performance among
college students. The research found that students who had more regular sleep patterns had better
average school grades. When it came to the average sleep duration, they actually found no
significant difference between students with irregular sleep patterns and most regular sleepers.
This goes to show that it’s not always the hours of sleep you’re getting but rather the fact you’re
not sleeping regularly, that can affect your performance.
According to the study conducted by Velasco (2015), one major phenomenon that has
been gradually eroding the health of the Philippines is lack of sleep. From the effects of
unbearable traffic to the explosion of the business process outsourcing industry to the geometric
rise of Internet usage nationwide, millions of Filipinos are choosing to sleep less and less, with
dangerous effects. We seem to think that staying awake to finish work is the lesser evil. It isn’t.
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It is a danger we have to address, and soon. Aside from allowing the body to rest, sufficient,
quality sleep allows our minds to refresh, and facilitates the transfer of short-term to long-term
memory. Proper sleep has been proven to help students perform better in school the following
day, particularly in complicated tasks like mathematics. Decision-making and emotional stability
are also affected by the right amount of good sleep.
A team of scientists at the University of Rochester recently discovered that during sleep,
the brain purges itself, flushing out its own chemical waste through a hidden network of channels
that resemble a plumbing system. These pipes simulate opening up during sleep. In addition,
researchers think that this cleansing process uses up a lot of energy, which may explain why the
brain waits until bedtime to take out its own trash. Also, your body saves the energy it uses to see
while you are sleeping, which possibly adds needed fuel to this process. The American Academy
of Sleep Medicine also revealed that growth hormone is released in children while they are
asleep. Of course, there is still some debate as to which is the optimum time to sleep, some
suggest 10 p.m. to 2 a.m., and others say midnight to 6 a.m. is best.

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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign and Local Literature

heart attack, stroke, and asthma.

Foreign and Local Studies

not sleeping regularly, that can affect your performance.

are also affected by the right amount of good sleep.

suggest 10 p.m. to 2 a.m., and others say midnight to 6 a.m. is best.

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