Lab 2.6.1: Topology Orientation and Building A Small N Etw Ork

Lab 2.6.
1: Topology Orientation and Building a Small N etw ork
Topology D iagram
Peer to Peer Network
S witc h ed Network
Learning Objec tiv es

U pon completion of this lab , you w ill b e ab le to:
• Correctly id entify cab les for u se in the netw ork .
• P hysically cab le a peer-to-peer and sw itched netw ork .
• V erify b asic connectiv ity on each netw ork .
Bac k ground
M any netw ork prob lems can b e fix ed at the P hysical layer of a netw ork . F or this reason, it is important to
hav e a clear u nd erstand ing of w hich cab les to u se for you r netw ork connections.
At the P hysical layer (L ayer 1) of the O SI mod el, end d ev ices mu st b e connected b y med ia (cab les). T he
type of med ia req u ired d epend s on the type of d ev ice b eing connected . In the b asic portion of this lab ,
straight–throu gh or patch— cab les w ill b e u sed to connect w ork stations and sw itches.
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserv ed . T his d ocu ment is Cisco P u b lic Information. P age 1 of 7
CCNA Exploration
Network Fundamentals:
Communicating over the Network Lab 2.6 .1: Topology Orientation and B uilding a Small Network
In addition, two or more devices communicate through an address. The Network layer (Layer 3 ) requires
a unique address (also know as a logical address or IP Addresses), which allows the data to reach the
appropriate destination device.
Addressing for this lab will be applied to the workstations and will be used to enable communication
between the devices.
Scenario
This lab starts with the simplest form of networking (peer-to-peer) and ends with the lab connecting
through a switch.
Task 1: C reate a P eer-to-P eer Network.
Step 1: Select a lab partner.
Step 2: Obtain eq uipment and resources for th e lab.

Equipment needed:
2 workstations
2 straight through (patch) cables
1 crossover cable
1 switch (or hub)
Task 2: Identify th e C ables used in a Network.

B efore the devices can be cabled, you will need to identify the types of media you will be using. The
cables used in this lab are crossover and straight-through.
Use a crossover cable to connect two workstations to each other through their NIC’s Ethernet port. This
is an Ethernet cable. W hen you look at the plug you will notice that the orange and green wires are in
opposite positions on each end of the cable.
Use a straigh t-th rough cable to connect the router’s Ethernet port to a switch port or a workstation to a
switch port. This is also an Ethernet cable. W hen you look at the plug you will notice that both ends of the
cable are exactly the same in each pin position.
Task 3 : C able th e P eer-to-peer Network.
Step 1: C onnect two workstations.

Using the correct Ethernet cable, connect two workstations together. Connect one end of the cable to the
NIC port on PC1 and the other end of the cable to PC2.
W hich cable did you use? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
All contents are Copyright © 1992–2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 2 of 7
CCNA Exploration
Communicating over the Network Lab 2.6.1: Topology Orientation and Building a Small Network
Step 2: Apply a Layer 3 address to the workstations.

To complete this task, you will need to follow the step-by-step instructions below.
Note: These steps must be completed on each workstation. The instructions are for Windows X P—steps
may differ slightly if you are using a different operating system.
1. On your computer, click Start, right-click M y Network Places, and then click Properties. The
Network Connections window should appear, with icons showing the different network
connections.
2. R ight-click the Local Area Connection and click Properties.

3. Select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item and then click the Properties button.
4 . On the G eneral tab of the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, select the U se the
following IP address option.
CCNA Exploration
5 . In the IP address box, enter the IP address 192.168 .1.2 for PC1. (Enter the IP address
192.168 .1.3 for PC2.)
6. Press the tab key and the Subnet mask is automatically entered. The subnet address should be
25 5 .25 5 .25 5 .0. If this address is not automatically entered, enter this address manually.
7. Click OK .
8 . Close the Local Area Connection Properties window.
Step 3: V erify connectivity.

1. On your computer, click Start, and then click R un.
2. Type cmd in the Open box and then click OK .
The D OS command (cmd.exe) window will appear. Y ou can enter D OS commands using this
window. For the purposes of this lab, basic network commands will be entered to allow you to test
you computer connections.
CCNA Exploration
The ping command is a computer network tool used to test whether a host (workstation, router,
server, etc.) is reachable across an IP network.
3. Use the ping command to verify that PC1 can reach PC2 and PC2 can reach PC1. From the
PC1 DOS command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.3. From the PC2 DOS command prompt,
type ping 192.168.1.2.
What is the output of the ping command?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
If the ping command displays an error message or doesn’t receive a reply from the other
workstation, troubleshoot as necessary. Possible areas to troubleshoot include:
• Verifying the correct IP addresses on both workstations
• Ensuring that the correct type of cable is used between the workstations
What is the output of the ping command if you unplug the network cable and ping the other
workstation?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
CCNA Exploration
Task 4: Connect Your Workstations to the Classroom Lab Switch.
Step 1: Connect workstation to switch.

Using the correct cable, connect one end of the cable to the NIC port on the workstation and the other
end to a port on the switch.
Step 2: Repeat this process for each workstation on your network.

Which cable did you use? ______________________________
Step 3: Verify connectivity.

Verify network connectivity by using the ping command to reach the other workstations attached to the
switch.
What is the output of the ping command?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
What is the output of the ping command if you ping an address that is not connected to this network?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Step 4: Share a document between PCs.

1. On your desktop, create a new folder and name it test.
2. Right-click the folder and click File sharing. Note: A hand will be placed under the icon.
CCNA Exploration
3. Place a file in the folder.

4. On the desktop, double-click My Network Places and then Computers Near Me.
5. Double-click the workstation icon. The test folder should appear. You will be able to access this
folder across the network. Once you are able to see it and work with the file, you have access
through all 7 layers of the OSI model.
Task 5 : Reflection
What could prevent a ping from being sent between the workstations when they are directly connected?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
What could prevent the ping from being sent to the workstations when they are connected through the
switch?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Lab 10.6.2: Establishing a Console Session with Hyper T er m inal
T opology D iagr am
Lear ning O bjec tiv es

U pon completion of this lab , you w ill b e ab le to:
• Connect a rou ter and compu ter u sing a console cab le.
• Configu re H yperT erminal to estab lish a console session w ith a Cisco IO S rou ter.
• Configu re H yperT erminal to estab lish a console session w ith a Cisco IO S sw itch.
B ac k gr ou nd
H yperT erminal is a simple W ind ow s-b ased terminal emu lation program for serial commu nication that can
b e u sed to connect to the console port on Cisco IO S d ev ices. A serial interface on a compu ter is
connected to the Cisco d ev ice v ia a rollov er cab le. U sing H yperT erminal is the most b asic w ay to access
a rou ter for check ing or changing its configu ration. Another popu lar serial commu nication u tility is
T eraT erm W eb . Instru ctions for T eraT erm W eb u se are contained in Append ix A.
CCNA Exploration
Network F undamentals: Planning and Cabling Networks L ab 10.6 .2 Establishing a Console Session with HyperTerminal
Scenario
Set up a network similar to the one in the Topology D iagram. Any router that meets the interface
req uirements may be used. Possible routers include 800, 16 00, 1700, 25 00, 26 00 routers, or a
combination. The following resources will be req uired:
• Computer with a serial interface and HyperTerminal loaded
• Cisco router
• Console (rollover) cable for connecting the workstation to the router
Task 1: Connect a R outer and Computer with a Console Cable.
Step 1: Set up basic physical connection.

Connect the console (rollover) cable to the console port on the router. Connect the other cable end to the
host computer with a D B -9 or D B -25 adapter to the COM 1 port.
Step 2: P ower on devices.

If not already powered on, enable power to the computer and router.
Task 2: Configure HyperTerminal to Establish a Console Session with a Cisco IOS R outer.
Step 1: Start HyperTerminal application.

F rom the Windows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking Start > P rograms >
A ccessories > Communications > HyperTerminal.
Step 2: Configure HyperTerminal.
F igure 1. HyperTerminal N ame Configuration W indow
R efer to F igure 1 for a description of the opening HyperTerminal configuration window. At the Connection
D escription window, enter a session name in the Name field. Select an appropriate icon, or leave the
default. Click OK .
CCNA Exploration
Network Fundamentals: Planning and Cabling Networks Lab 10.6.2 Establishing a Console Session with HyperTerminal
Figure 2. HyperTerminal Connection Type
Refer to Figure 2. Enter the appropriate connection type, COM 1, in the Connect using field. Click OK.
Figure 3 . HyperTerminal COM 1 Port Settings
Refer to Figure 3 . Change port settings to the following values:
Setting V alue
Bits per second 9 600
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
CCNA Exploration
Click OK.
When the HyperTerminal session window comes up, press the Enter key. There should be a response
from the router. This indicates that connection has been successfully completed. If there is no connection,
troubleshoot as necessary. For example, verify that the router has power. Check the connection to the
correct COM 1 port on the PC and the console port on the router. If there is still no connection, ask the
instructor for assistance.
Step 3: Close HyperTerminal.

When finished, close the HyperTerminal session. Click File > Ex it. When asked whether to save the
session, click Y es. Enter a name for the session.
Step 4 : Reconnect the HyperTerminal session.

Reopen the HyperTerminal session as described in Task 2, Step 1. This time, when the Connection
Description window opens (see Figure 1), click Cancel.
Click File > Open. Select the saved session and then click Open. Use this technique to reconnect the
HyperTerminal session to a Cisco device without reconfiguring a new session.
When finished, exit TeraTerm.
Task 3: Configure HyperTerminal to Establish a Console Session with a Cisco IOS Switch.
Serial connections between Cisco IOS routers and switches are very similar. In this task, you will make a
serial connection between the host computer and a Cisco IOS switch.
Figure 4 . Serial Connection Between a Host Computer and Cisco Switch
Step 1: Set up basic physical connection.

Refer to Figure 4 . Connect the console (rollover) cable to the console port on the router. Connect the
other cable end to the host computer with a DB-9 or DB-25 adapter to the COM 1 port.
Step 2: Power on devices.

If not already powered on, enable power to the computer and switch.
Step 3: Start HyperTerminal application.

From the Windows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking Start > Programs >
Accessories > Communications > Hyper Terminal.
CCNA Exploration
Step 4: Configure HyperTerminal.

Use the procedure described in Task 2, Step 2, to configure HyperTerminal.
Refer to Figure 1 of the opening HyperTerminal configuration window. At the Connection Description
window, enter a session name in the Name field. Select an appropriate icon, or leave the default. Click
OK.
Refer to Figure 2. Enter the appropriate connection type, COM 1, in the Connect using field. Click OK.
Refer to Figure 3. Change port settings to the following values:
Setting Value
Bits per second 9600
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
Click OK.
When the HyperTerminal session window comes up, press the Enter key. There should be a response
from the switch. This indicates that connection has been successfully completed. If there is no
connection, troubleshoot as necessary. For example, verify that the switch has power. Check the
connection to the correct COM 1 port on the PC and the console port on the switch. If there is still no
connection, ask the instructor for assistance.
Step 5 : Close HyperTerminal.

When finished, close the HyperTerminal session. Click File > Exit. When asked whether to save the
session, click No.
Task 3: Reflection
This lab provided information for establishing a console connection to a Cisco IOS router and switch.
Task 4: Challenge
Draw the pin connections for the rollover cable and straight-through cable. Compare the differences, and
be able to identify the different cable types.
Task 5 : Clean U p
Unless directed otherwise by the instructor, turn off power to the host computer and router. Remove the
rollover cable.
Remove anything that was brought into the lab, and leave the room ready for the next class.
Lab 11.5.1: Basic Cisco Device Configuration
T op ology Diagram
Learning O bjectives
• Configu re Cisco rou ter glob al configu ration settings.

• Configu re Cisco rou ter passw ord access.
• Configu re Cisco rou ter interfaces.
• Sav e the rou ter configu ration file.
• Configu re a Cisco sw itch.
Back ground
H ard w are Q ty Descrip tion
Cisco R ou ter 1
P art of CCN A L ab b u nd le.
Cisco Sw itch 1
P art of CCN A L ab b u nd le.
* Compu ter (host) 1
L ab compu ter.
Console (rollov er) cab le 1
Connects compu ter host 1 to R ou ter
console port.
U T P Cat 5 crossov er cab le 1 Connects compu ter host 1 to R ou ter
L AN interface F a0/0
Straight T hrou gh Cab le 3 Connects compu ter hosts to Sw itch
and sw itch to rou ter
T ab le 1. E q u ipment and hard w are req u ired for this lab .
G ather the necessary eq u ipment and cab les. T o configu re the lab , mak e su re the eq u ipment listed in
T ab le 1 is av ailab le.
Common configu ration task s inclu d e setting the hostname, access passw ord s, and M O T D b anner.
Interface configu ration is ex tremely important. In ad d ition to assigning a L ayer 3 IP ad d ress, enter a
d escription that d escrib es the d estination connection speed s trou b leshooting time.
CCNA Exploration
Configuring and Testing Y our Network Lab 11.5.1 B asic Cisco Device Configuration
Configuration changes are effective immediately.
Configuration changes must be saved in NV RAM to be persistent across reboot.
Configuration changes may also be saved off-line in a text file for auditing or device replacement.
Cisco IOS switch configuration is similar to Cisco IOS router configuration.
Scenario
In this lab students will configure common settings on a Cisco Router and Cisco Switch.
Given an IP address of 198 .133.219.0/24 , with 4 bits borrowed for subnets, fill in the following
information in the table below.
(H int: fill in the subnet number, then the host address. Address information will be easy to compute with
the subnet number filled in first)
th
Maximum number of usable subnets (including the 0 subnet): _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Number of usable hosts per subnet: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
IP Address: Subnet mask:

# Subnet First host address Last host B roadcast
address
0
B efore proceeding, verify your addresses with the instructor. The instructor will assign subnetworks.
CCNA Exploration
Configuring and Testing Your Network Lab 11.5.1 Basic Cisco Device Configuration
Task 1: Configure Cisco Router Global Configuration Settings.
Figure 1. Lab cabling.
Step 1: P h ysically connect devices.

Refer to Figure 1. Connect the console or rollover cable to the console port on the router. Connect the
other end of the cable to the host computer using a DB-9 or DB-25 adapter to the COM 1 port. Connect
the crossover cable between the host computer’s network interface card (NIC) and Router interface
Fa0/0. Connect a straight-through cable between the Router interface Fa0/1 and any of the switch’s
interfaces (1-24).
Ensure that power has been applied to the host computer, switch and router.
Step 2 : Connect h ost computer to router th rough HyperTerminal.

From the W idows taskbar, start the HyperTerminal program by clicking on Start | Programs | Accessories
| Communications | HyperTerminal.
Configure HyperTerminal with the proper settings:
Connection Description
Name: Lab 11_2_11
Icon: Personal choice
Connect to
Connect Using: COM 1 (or appropriate COM port)
CCNA Exploration
COM1 Properties
Bits per second: 9600
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bits: 1
Flow Control: None
When the HyperTerminal session window comes up, press the Enter key until there is a response from
the router.
If the router terminal is in the configuration mode, exit by typing NO.
Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no
Press RETURN to get started!

Router>
When in privileged exec command mode, any misspelled or unrecogniz ed commands will attempt to be
translated by the router as a domain name. Since there is no domain server configured, there will be a
delay while the request times out. This can take between several seconds to several minutes. To
terminate the wait, simultaneously hold down the <CTRL><SHIFT>6 keys then release and press x:
Router>enabel
Translating "enabel"...domain server (255.255.255.255) %
Briefly hold down the keys <CTRL><SHIFT>6, release and press x
Name lookup aborted
Router>
From the user exec mode, enter privileged exec mode:
Router> enable
Router#
Verify a clean configuration file with the privileged exec command show running-config. If a
configuration file was previously saved, it will have to be removed. Appendix 1 shows a typical default
router’s configuration. Depending on router’s model and IOS version, your configuration may look slightly
different. However, there should be no configured passwords or IP addresses. If your router does not
have a default configuration, ask the instructor to remove the configuration.
Step 3 : Configure global configuration hostname setting.

What two commands may be used to leave the privileged exec mode? ___________________
What shortcut command can be used to enter the privileged exec mode? _________________
CCNA Exploration
Examine the different configuration modes that can be entered with the command configure? Write
down the list of configuration modes and description:
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
From the privileged exec mode, enter global configuration mode:
Router# configuration terminal

Router(config)#
What three commands may be used to leave the global configuration mode and return to the privileged
exec mode?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
What shortcut command can be used to enter the global configuration mode? ______________________
Set the device hostname to Router1:
router(config)# hostname Router1

Router1(config)#
How can the hostname be removed?

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Step 5: Configure the MOTD banner.

In production networks, banner content may have a significant legal impact on the organization. For
example, a friendly “Welcome” message may be interpreted by a court that an attacker has been granted
permission to hack into the router. A banner should include information about authorization, penalties for
unauthorized access, connection logging, and applicable local laws. The corporate security policy should
provide policy on all banner messages.
CCNA Exploration
Create a suitable MOTD banner. Only system administrators of the ABC Company are authorized access,
unauthorized access will be prosecuted, and all connection information will be logged.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Examine the different banner modes that can be entered. Write down the list of banner modes and
description.
Router1(config)# banner ?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Choose a terminating character that will not be used in the message text.__________________
Configure the MOTD banner. The MOTD banner is displayed on all connections before the login prompt.
Use the terminating character on a blank line to end the MOTD entry:
Router1(config)# banner motd %

Enter TEXT message. End with the character '%'
***You are connected to an ABC network device. Access is granted to only
current ABC company system administrators with prior written approval. ***
*** Unauthorized access is prohibited, and will be prosecuted. ***
*** All connections are continuously logged. ***
%
Router1(config)#
What is the global configuration command to remove the MOTD banner?
___________________________________________________________________________________
CCNA Exploration
Task 2: Configure Cisco router password access.
Access passwords are set for the privileged exec mode and user entry point such as console, aux, and
virtual lines. The privileged exec mode password is the most critical password, since it controls access to
the configuration mode.
Step 1: Configure the privileged ex ec password.

Cisco IOS supports two commands that set access to the privileged exec mode. One command, enable
password, contains weak cryptography and should never be used if the enable secret command is
available. The enable secret command uses a very secure MD5 cryptographic hash algorithm. Cisco
says “As far as anyone at Cisco knows, it is impossible to recover an enable secret based on the contents
of a configuration file (other than by obvious dictionary attacks).” Password security relies on the
password algorithm, and the password. . In production environments, strong passwords should be used
at all times. A strong password consists of at least nine characters of upper and lower case letters,
numbers, and symbols. In a lab environment, we will use weak passwords.
Set the privileged exec password to cisco.
Router1(config)# enable secret cisco

Router1(config)#
Step 2: Configure the console password.

Set the console access password to class. The console password controls console access to the router.
Router1(config)# line console 0

Router1(config-line)# password class
Router1(config-line)# login
What is the command to remove the console password? _____________________________
Step 3: Configure the virtual line password.

Set the virtual line access password to class. The virtual line password controls Telnet access to the
router. In early Cisco IOS versions, only five virtual lines could be set, 0 through 4. In newer Cisco IOS
versions, the number has been expanded. Unless a telnet password is set, access on that virtual line is
blocked.
Router1(config-line)# line vty 0 4

Router1(config-line)# password class
Router1(config-line)# login
There are three commands that may be used to exit the line configuration mode:
Command Effect
Return to the global configuration mode.
Exit configuration and return to the privileged exec mode.
CCNA Exploration
Issue the command exit. What is the router prompt? What is the mode?
Router1(config-line)# exit
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Issue the command end. What is the router prompt? What is the mode?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Task 3: Configure Cisco Router Interfaces.

All cabled interfaces should contain documentation about the connection. On newer Cisco IOS versions,
the maximum description is 240 characters.
Figure 2. Physical lab topology.
Figure 2 shows a network topology where a host computer is connected to Router1, interface Fa0/0.
Write down your subnet number and mask: ________________________________________________
The first IP address will be used to configure the host computer LAN. Write down the first IP Address:
___________________________________________________________________________________
The last IP address will be used to configure the router fa0/0 interface. Write down the last IP Address:
___________________________________________________________________________________
Step 1: Configure the router fa0 /0 interface.

Write a short description for the connections on Router1:
Fa0/0 ->
___________________________________________________________________________________
CCNA Exploration
Apply the description on the router interface with the interface configuration command, description:
Router1(config)# interface fa0/0

Router1(config-if)# description Connection to Host1 with crossover cable
Router1(config-if)# ip address address mask
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# end
Router1#
Look for the interface to become active:

*Mar 24 19:58:59.602: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Step 2: Configure the router Fa0/1 interface.

Write a short description for the connections on Router1:
Fa0/1 ->
___________________________________________________________________________________
Apply the description on the router interface with the interface configuration command, description:
Router1(config)# interface fa0/1

Router1(config-if)# description Connection to switch with straight-through
cable
Router1(config-if)# ip address address mask
Router1(config-if)# no shutdown
Router1(config-if)# end
Router1#
Look for the interface to become active:

*Mar 24 19:58:59.602: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Step 3: Configure the host computer.

Configure the host computer for LAN connectivity. Recall that the LAN configuration window is accessed
through Start | Control Panel | Network Connections. Right-click on the LAN icon, and select Properties.
Highlight the Internet Protocol field, and select Properties. Fill in the following fields:
IP Address: The first host address __________________________

Subnet Mask: The subnet mask ____________________________
Default Gateway: Router’s IP Address _______________________
Click OK , and then Close. Open a terminal window, and verify network settings with the ipconfig
command.
Step 4 : V erify network connectivity.

Use the ping command to verify network connectivity with the router. If ping replies are not successful
troubleshoot the connection:
What Cisco IOS command can be used to verify the interface status? __________________________
What Windows command can be used to verify host computer configuration? _____________________
CCNA Exploration
What is the correct LAN cable between host1 and Router1? _______________________________
Task 4: Save the Router Configuration File.

Cisco IOS refers to RAM configuration storage as running-configuration, and NVRAM configuration
storage as startup-configuration. For configurations to survive rebooting or power restarts, the RAM
configuration must be copied into non-volatile RAM (NVRAM). This does not occur automatically, NVRAM
must be manually updated after any changes are made.
Step 1: Compare router RA M and N VRA M configurations.

Use the Cisco IOS show command to view RAM and NVRAM configurations. The configuration is
displayed one screen at a time. A line containing “ -- more -- “ indicates that there is additional
information to display. The following list describes acceptable key responses:
K ey Description
<SPACE> Display the next page.
<RETURN> Display the next line.
Q Q uit
<CTRL> c Q uit
Write down one possible shortcut command that will display the contents of NVRAM.
Display the contents of NVRAM. If the output of NVRAM is missing, it is because there is no saved
configuration.:
Router1# show startup-config

startup-config is not present
Router1#
Display the contents of RAM.
Router1#show running-config
Use the output to answer the following questions:
How large is the configuration file? ____________________
What is the enable secret password? ________________________
Does your MOTD banner contain the information you entered earlier? __________________________
Do your interface descriptions contain the information you entered earlier? ____________________
Write down one possible shortcut command that will display the contents of RAM. _________________
Step 2: Save RA M configuration to N VRA M.

For a configuration to be used the next time the router is powered on or reloaded, it must be manually
saved in NVRAM. Save the RAM configuration to NVRAM:
Router1# copy running-config startup-config

Destination filename [startup-config]? <ENTER>
Building configuration...
[OK]
CCNA Exploration
Router1#
Write down one possible shortcut command that will copy the RAM configuration to NVRAM.
____________________________
Review the contents of NVRAM, and verify that the configuration is the same as the configuration in RAM.
Task 5: Configure a Cisco Switch.

Cisco IOS switch configuration is (thankfully) similar to configuring a Cisco IOS router. The benefit of
learning IOS commands is that they are similar to many different devices and IOS versions.
Step 1: Connect the host to the switch.

Move the console, or rollover, cable to the console port on the switch. Ensure power has been applied to
the switch. In Hyperterminal, press Enter until the switch responds.
Step 2. Configure global configuration hostname setting.

Appendix 2 shows a typical default switch configuration. Depending on router model and IOS version,
your configuration may look slightly different. However, there should be no configured passwords. If your
router does not have a default configuration, ask the instructor to remove the configuration.
From the user exec mode, enter global configuration mode:
Switch> en
Switch# config t
Switch(config)#
Set the device hostname to Switch1.
Switch(config)# hostname Switch1

Switch1(config)#
Step 3: Configure the MOTD banner.

Create a suitable MOTD banner. Only system administrators of the ABC company are authorized access,
unauthorized access will be prosecuted, and all connection information will be logged.
Configure the MOTD banner. The MOTD banner is displayed on all connections before the login prompt.
Use the terminating character on a blank line to end the MOTD entry. For assistance, review the similar
step for configuring a router MOTD banner.
Switch1(config)# banner motd %
Step 4: Configure the privileged exec password.

Set the privileged exec password to cisco.
Switch1(config)# enable secret cisco

Switch1(config)#
Step 5: Configure the console password.

Set the console access password to class.
CCNA Exploration
Switch1(config)# line console 0

Switch1(config-line)# password class
Switch1(config-line)# login
Step 6: Configure the virtual line password.

Set the virtual line access password to class. There are 16 virtual lines that can be configured on a
Cisco IOS switch, 0 through 15.
Switch1(config-line)# line vty 0 15

Switch1(config-line)# password class
Switch1(config-line)# login
Figure 3. Network topology.
Step 7 : Configure the interface description.

Figure 3 shows a network topology where Router1 is connected to Switch1, interface Fa0/1. Switch1
interface Fa0/2 is connected to host computer 2, and interface Fa0/3 is connected to host computer 3.
CCNA Exploration
Write a short description for the connections on Switch1:
Router1 Interface Description

Fa0/1
Fa0/2
Fa0/3
Apply the descriptions on the switch interface with the interface configuration command, description:
Switch1(config)# interface fa0/1

Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to Router1
Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to host computer 2
Switch1(config-if)# description Connection to host computer 3
Switch1(config-if)# end
Switch1#
Step 7: Save RAM configuration to NVRAM.

For a configuration to be used the next time the switch is powered on or reloaded, it must be manually
saved in NVRAM. Save the RAM configuration to NVRAM:
Switch1# copy run start

Destination filename [startup-config]? <ENTER>
Building configuration...
[OK]
Switch1#
Review the contents of NVRAM, and verify that the configuration is the same as the configuration in RAM.
Task 6: Reflection
The more you practice the commands, the faster you will become in configuring a Cisco IOS router and
switch. It is perfectly acceptable to use notes at first to help configure a device, but a professional network
engineer does not need a ‘cheat sheet’ to perform common configuration tasks. The following table lists
commands covered in this lab:
Purpose Command
Enter the global configuration mode. configure terminal
Example:
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)#
Specify the name for the router. hostname name
Example:
Router(config)# hostname Router1
Router(config)#
Specify an encrypted password to enable secret password
prevent unauthorized access to the Example:
privileged exec mode. Router(config)# enable secret cisco
Router(config)#
CCNA Exploration
Specify a password to prevent password password

unauthorized access to the console. login
Example:
Router(config)# line con 0
Router(config-line)# password class
Router(config-line)# login
Router(config)#
Specify a password to prevent password password
unauthorized telnet access. login
Router vty lines: 0 4 Example:
Switch vty lines: 0 15 Router(config)# line vty 0 4
Router(config-line)# password class
Router(config-line)# login
Router(config-line)#
Configure the MOTD banner. Banner motd %
Example:
Router(config)# banner motd %
Router(config)#
Configure an interface. Example:
Router- interface is OFF by default Router(config)# interface fa0/0
Switch- interface is ON by default Router(config-if)# description description
Router(config-if)# ip address address mask
Router(config-if)# no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
Save the configuration to NVRAM. copy running-config startup-config
Example:
Router# copy running-config startup-config
Router#
Task 7: Challenge
It is often necessary, and always handy, to save the configuration file to an off-line text file. One way to
save the configuration file is to use HyperTerminal Transfer menu option Capture.
CCNA Exploration
Figure 2. Hyperterminal Capture menu.
Refer to Figure 2. All communication between the host computer and router are saved to a file. The file
can be edited, and saved. The file can also be edited, copied, and pasted into a router:
To start a capture, select Hyperterminal menu option Transfer | Capture Text. Enter a path and file name,
and select Start.
Issue the privileged exec command show running-config, and press the < SPACE> key until all of
the configuration has been displayed.
Stop the capture. Select menu option Transfer | Capture Text | Stop.
Open the text file and review the contents. Remove any lines that are not configuration commands, such
as the more prompt. Manually correct any lines that were scrambled or occupy the same line. After
checking the configuration file, highlight the lines and select Notepad menu Edit | Copy. This places the
configuration in host computer memory.
To load the configuration file, it is ALWAYS best practice to begin with a clean RAM configuration.
Otherwise, stale configuration commands may survive a paste action and have unintended
consequences (also known as the Law of Unintended Consequences):
Erase the NVRAM configuration file:
Router1# erase start

Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue?
[confirm] <ENTER>
[OK]
Erase of nvram: complete
Reload the router:
Router1# reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm] <ENTER>
When the router reboots, enter the global configuration mode:
Router> en
Router# config t
Router(config)#
Using the mouse, right-click inside the Hyperterminal window and select Paste To Host. The configuration
will be loaded, very quickly, to the router. Watch closely for error messages, each message must be
investigated and corrected.
Verify the configuration, and save to NVRAM.
CCNA Exploration
Task 6: Cleanup
Before turning off power to the router and switch, remove the NVRAM configuration file from each device
with the privileged exec command erase startup-config.
Delete any configuration files saved on the host computers.
Unless directed otherwise by the instructor, restore host computer network connectivity, then turn off
power to the host computers. Remove anything that was brought into the lab, and leave the room ready
for the next class.
CCNA Exploration
Appendix 1- default Cisco IOS router configuration
Current configuration : 824 bytes

!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
ip cef
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface Serial0/1/0
no ip address
shutdown
no fair-queue
!
interface Serial0/1/1
no ip address
shutdown
clock rate 2000000
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
end
CCNA Exploration
Appendix 2- default Cisco IOS switch configuration
Current configuration : 1519 bytes

!
version 12.1
no service pad
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
spanning-tree mode pvst
no spanning-tree optimize bpdu transmission
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
CCNA Exploration
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
no ip address
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
no ip address
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
no ip address
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
no ip route-cache
shutdown
!
ip http server
!
!
line con 0
line vty 5 15
!
CCNA Exploration
end

Lab 2.6.1: Topology Orientation and Building A Small N Etw Ork

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Lab 2.6.

1: Topology Orientation and Building a Small N etw ork

Peer to Peer Network

Learning Objec tiv es

Task 1: C reate a P eer-to-P eer Network.

Step 1: Select a lab partner.

Step 2: Obtain eq uipment and resources for th e lab.

Task 2: Identify th e C ables used in a Network.

Task 3 : C able th e P eer-to-peer Network.

Step 1: C onnect two workstations.

Step 2: Apply a Layer 3 address to the workstations.

2. R ight-click the Local Area Connection and click Properties.

8 . Close the Local Area Connection Properties window.

Step 3: V erify connectivity.

2. Type cmd in the Open box and then click OK .

Task 4: Connect Your Workstations to the Classroom Lab Switch.

Step 1: Connect workstation to switch.

Step 2: Repeat this process for each workstation on your network.

Step 3: Verify connectivity.

Step 4: Share a document between PCs.

3. Place a file in the folder.

Lear ning O bjec tiv es

Task 1: Connect a R outer and Computer with a Console Cable.

Step 1: Set up basic physical connection.

Step 2: P ower on devices.

Step 1: Start HyperTerminal application.

Step 2: Configure HyperTerminal.

F igure 1. HyperTerminal N ame Configuration W indow

Figure 2. HyperTerminal Connection Type

Figure 3 . HyperTerminal COM 1 Port Settings

Refer to Figure 3 . Change port settings to the following values:

Step 3: Close HyperTerminal.

Step 4 : Reconnect the HyperTerminal session.

Figure 4 . Serial Connection Between a Host Computer and Cisco Switch

Step 1: Set up basic physical connection.

Step 2: Power on devices.

Step 3: Start HyperTerminal application.

Step 4: Configure HyperTerminal.

Step 5 : Close HyperTerminal.

• Configu re Cisco rou ter glob al configu ration settings.

Configuration changes are effective immediately.

Configuration changes must be saved in NV RAM to be persistent across reboot.

Cisco IOS switch configuration is similar to Cisco IOS router configuration.

Number of usable hosts per subnet: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

IP Address: Subnet mask:

Task 1: Configure Cisco Router Global Configuration Settings.

Figure 1. Lab cabling.

Step 1: P h ysically connect devices.

Step 2 : Connect h ost computer to router th rough HyperTerminal.

Configure HyperTerminal with the proper settings:

If the router terminal is in the configuration mode, exit by typing NO.

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no

Press RETURN to get started!

Briefly hold down the keys <CTRL><SHIFT>6, release and press x

Name lookup aborted

From the user exec mode, enter privileged exec mode:

Step 3 : Configure global configuration hostname setting.

From the privileged exec mode, enter global configuration mode:

Router# configuration terminal

* Unauthorized access is prohibited, and will be prosecuted. *

* All connections are continuously logged. *