ADD/ADHD

CHRISTINA ALAS
 What is ADD/ADHD?
➢ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder
➢ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
➢ADD and ADHD are usually used interchangeably.
However, ADD is an outdated term and was
formerly considered a type of ADHD.
➢ADD is no longer an actual diagnosis according to
the DSM-5.
➢ADHD remains a diagnosis in the DSM-5.
3 Main Symptoms of ADHD
Inattention: Hyperactivity: Impulsivity:
Lack of attention; The condition of being Actuated or swayed by
distraction abnormally or extremely emotional or involuntary
active. impulses.

Example Example Example

Not all people who have ADHD will have all 3

main symptoms. Some can have 1, 2, or all 3.
Who Can Diagnose ADHD?
➢ Physicians
➢ Pediatritians
➢ Neurologists
➢ Psychiatrists
➢ Psyhologists
➢ Social Workers
➢ Nurse
Practitioners
➢ Any Licensed
Councelor or
Therapist
How Is ADHD Diagnosed?
➢ DSM-5: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM) is the handbook used by health care
professionals in the United States and much of the world
as the authoritative guide to the diagnosis of mental
disorders.

➢ The DSM-5 contains a list of symptoms of ADHD and if a

healthcare professional determines that one has a certain
amount of these symptoms then one is diagnosed with
ADHD.
In order toofbe
DSM-5 ADHD Criteria
diagnosed:
Symptoms Inattention:
Symptoms of Hyperactivity and Impulsivity:
➢ Often
➢ Children
fails toup
givetoclose
ageattention
16 require 6 orormore➢symptoms
to details of Inattention OR Hyperactivity and
Often fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat.
makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at
Impulsivity. ➢ Often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is
work, or with other activities.
➢
➢ Ages 17 trouble
Often has and upholding
require 5 or more
attention on taskssymptoms of Inattention OR Hyperactivity and
expected.
Impulsivity. ➢ Often runs about or climbs in situations where it is not
or play activities.
appropriate (adolescents or adults may be limited to feeling
➢ Often
➢ All ages
doesmust
not seemhave symptoms
to listen present for atrestless).
when spoken least 6 months to an extent that it is disruptive
to directly.
and inappropriate for the person’s developmental
➢ Often does not follow through on
➢ Often unablelevel.to play or take part in leisure activities quietly.
➢ Is often “on the go” acting as if “driven by a motor”.
instructions and fails to finish schoolwork,
➢ Often talks excessively.
chores, or duties in the workplace (e.g., loses
➢ Often blurts out an answer before a question has been
In focus, side-tracked).
addition to these, completed.
➢ Often has trouble organizing tasks and
➢ Several
activities. inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were present before age 12 years.
➢ Often has trouble waiting their turn.
➢ Several symptoms are ➢ Often
presenttoindotwo or more interrupts
settings, or intrudes
(such on others
as at home, (e.g., butts
school into
or work;
➢ Often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant
conversations or games)
withthat
tasks friends
requireormental
relatives; in other
effort over a long activities).
period of time (such as schoolwork or
➢ There
homework).
is clear evidence that the symptoms interfere with, or reduce the quality of, social,
➢ school,
Often loses orthings
worknecessary
functioning.
for tasks and
➢ The symptoms
activities (e.g. schoolare not better
materials, pencils,explained by another mental disorder (such as a mood
books,
disorder,tools,anxiety
wallets, keys, paperwork,
disorder, dissociative disorder, or a personality disorder). The symptoms
eyeglasses, mobile telephones).
➢ do noteasily
Is often happen only during the course of schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.
distracted
➢ Is often forgetful in daily activities.
 Common Treatment Options
Central Nervous Nonstimulant
System Stimulants Medications
CNS stimulants are the most prescribed Work by increasing levels of
and these work by increasing chemicals norepinephrine (For attention and
in your brain called dopamine and memory).
norepinephrine (For focus). Both can have side
effects of: Serious side effects:
Serious side effects:
➢ headache ➢ Seizures
➢ Hallucinations
➢ trouble sleeping ➢ Suicidal thoughts or actions
➢ Increased blood pressure
➢ Allergic reaction ➢ stomach upset
➢ Suicidal thoughts or actions ➢ nervousness
➢ irritability
➢ weight loss
➢ dry mouth
 Who Has ADHD?
Year Overall Ages 4-11 Ages 12-17
2015-2016 10.2 7.7 13.5
2013-2014 9.4 7.9 11.3
2011-2012 9.6 7.7 12.0
2009-2010 9.0 6.9 11.9
2007-2008 8.1 6.1 10.8
2005-2006 7.5 6.0 9.3
2003-2004 7.3 5.8 9.3
2001-2002 7.2 5.9 8.9
1999-2000 6.5 5.3 8.2
1997-1998 6.1 5.3 7.2
National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
 Activity!
➢ What did you have for breakfast this
Directions: Tell the students that they morning?
must follow along with a video you (the ➢ What is 4-10?
teacher) are about to play but that they ➢ What is your favorite movie?
will also have to answer the questions you ➢ What was your third pets name?
ask while doing so.
How’d They Do? ➢ Is a hot dog a sandwich?
➢ What is the worst name?
➢ How do you spell necessary?
This
Stepactivity
1: Handisout
a neat waynote
1 sticky to simulate
to each what it is like
➢ to
Howstruggle with inattention.
many chickens It is
would it take to
astudent.
small glimpse into the struggles that people with ADHD have to deal with on a
kill an elephant?
Step 2: Play this video. daily basis. ➢ If you drop soap on the floor is the
floor clean or is the soap dirty?
Step 3: Get the students to answer the
➢ 81÷9?
following questions while they attempt to ➢ Who closes the bus driver door after
fold their sticky notes. the bus driver gets off?
Be insistent that they answer and distract ➢ Would you rather lose the ability to
them! read or the ability to speak?
➢ If you run out of questions
continue with some more math
equations!