Non Isolated High Gain DC DC Converters PDF

NON ISOLATED HIGH GAIN DC-DC
CONVERTERS
Gautham Venkat Venkateswaran Girish Ganesan R
B.tech student, EEE department AP III, EEE department
SASTRA UNIVERSITY SASTRA UNIVERSITY
Tanjavur, India Tanjavur, India
gauthamvenkat12@gmail.com girish.ganesan90@gmail.com
Abstract—The objective of this project is to design an efficient, consists of a combination of a flyback converter and inter-
high gain non isolated DC-DC converter. The proposed design has leaved boost converter. The modes of operation are analysed
two sections: The primary section and the secondary section. The and the converter design is simulated using LTSpice software.
primary section comprises of a two level interleaved boost con-
verter. The secondary section consists of a flyback converter.The II. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
proposed design is simulated and the modes of operation are
analysed. The proposed design has two sections. The primary section
Index Terms—boost converter, interleaved, flyback converter. comprises of a two stage interleaved boost converter and the
secondary section consists of a flyback converter. Fig.1 shows
I. I NTRODUCTION the power circuit diagram of the proposed converter.
There is a continuous increase in the human population and It consists of three inductors L1, L2, and L3 of which L1
this increase is not linear but in fact exponential, consequently, and L3 are magnetically coupled, three diodes D1, D2 and
there is an ever-increasing demand for energy. But with the D3, two capacitors C1 and C2, and two n-MOSFET switches
increase in pollution and the depletion of energy resources, S1 and S2.
there is now a need for us to turn to renewable energy sources III. MODES OF OPERATION
(RES). The problem with RES is that the output from energy The above circuit is operated at 50 per cent duty cycle as
resources like the solar cell or fuel cell is minimal and do not a result of this, the circuit has two modes of operation as
meet our standards of consumption of energy. Thus with the discussed below.
help of power electronic converters, it is possible to increase Mode 1: S1 ON, S2 OFF Gate pulse is provided to switch
the output of RES.Conventional DC-DC converters like Boost S1. Switch S2 is OFF during this period. Inductor L1 charges
or Buck-Boost on their own do not have a high gain and have to Vin during this period as a result Diode D1 is reverse biased
to be worked at a high duty ratio, which is not practical and . Diode D2 is forward biased, hence inductor L2 Discharges
efficient. Converters such as flyback or push-pull could be through D2 into C2. Diode D3 is reverse biased during this
used to attain high gain values [1]-[3]. The drawback of this period. Capacitor C1 discharges through the load causing the
topology being that it would introduce voltage spikes and high output voltage waveform to drop. Fig.2. shows operation of
power dissipation. It can be countered using a snubber circuit, circuit in mode 1.
but that in turn would require additional driver circuit and add Mode 2: S1- OFF, S2- ON During this mode, switch S1 is
to the cost of converter design [4]. OFF and switch S2 is ON. Diode D1 turns ON and Inductor
Cascading converters as suggested in [5]-[10] in order to L1 discharges into Capacitor C2 through D1. Inductor L3
obtain the required high gain, but this would increase the charges Capacitor C1 through Diode D3. Since C2 and C1 are
complexity, introduce a high current ripple and add to the charging, there is an increase in output voltage. L2 charges to
cost of the converter design. While it is possible to increase Vin. Fig.3. shows operation of circuit in mode 2.
the converter duty ratio, it would induce large current ripple,
high conduction losses and cause severe diode reverse recovery IV. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
problems [11], [12]. The topologies discussed in [13]-[18] The overall gain of the proposed converter design is the sum
introduce the concept of interleaved converters. Interleaving is of the gain from the interleaved boost converter in the primary
a powerful tool that keeps the input current at a manageable circuit, the flyback converter in the secondary circuit and the
level and increases the efficiency, while still maintaining good N-stage voltage multiplier cell.
power density.Interleaving allows the design to be upgraded to The design of passive in the circuit can be obtained from
a higher power by the proper selection of power components. conventional Boost and flyback converters. The overall gain
It also ensures reduced input and output ripple. of the proposed converter is found to be:
This paper proposes an efficient, high gain non isolated DC- Vin (n ∗ D) + 1
DC converter design for high power applications. The circuit = (1)
Vout 1−D
V. SIMULATION RESLUTS
The proposed converter design is simulated for the ratings
and values mentioned above using LTSpice. The relevant
waveforms are captured and analysed. It is seen that the
proposed converter confirms to the design equations presented
previously and is a viable alternative to achieve the required
gain.
Output voltage and current waveforms are depicted in
Figure 4. and the output power is calculated as 181W at 90.56
V. Figure 5. shows the input voltage and current waveforms.
Input power is calculated to be 184W. The designed converter
Fig. 1. Power Circuit Diagram
functions at an efficiency of 98 per cent. Figure 6. shows that
voltage and current stresses on the components are well within
the acceptable limits.
Fig. 2. Mode 1
Fig. 4. Input Current and Voltage Waveforms
Fig. 5. Output Current and Voltage Waveforms

Fig. 3. Mode 2
where n is the turns ratio corresponding to the flyback

converter. The value of the Critical Inductance is calculated
from the formula:
(D ∗ (1 − D)) ∗ R
Lcritical = (2)
2∗f
The design specifications are:
Input Voltage Vin= 24 V, Expected Output Voltage Vout =
96V,
Output Power Pout= 200W, Operating Frequency f= 50hz,
It is proposed that the converter should be operated at a duty Fig. 6. Capacitor Voltage Waveforms
cycle of 50 per cent, in order to provide the required gain.
[9] Non-linear dynamic behaviours of DC cascaded converters system with
multi-load converters-Fan Xie, Bo Zhang , Dongyuan Qiu, Yanwei Jiang,
IET Power Electronics, ISSN 1755-4535 Received on 18th March 2015,
Revised on 21st August 2015, Accepted on 13th October 2015 doi:
10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0193
[10] Non-linear dynamic behaviours of DC cascaded converters system with
multi-load converters-Fan Xie, Bo Zhang , Dongyuan Qiu, Yanwei Jiang,
IET Power Electronics, ISSN 1755-4535 Received on 18th March 2015,
Revised on 21st August 2015, Accepted on 13th October 2015 doi:
10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0193
[11] High-Efficiency, High Step-Up DCDC Converters- Qun Zhao, Student
Member, IEEE, and Fred C. Lee, Fellow, IEEE, IEEE Transactions On
Power Electronics, VOL. 18, NO. 1, JANUARY 2003.
[12] A Simple and Effective Method to Alleviate the Rectifier Reverse-
Fig. 7. Gate Voltage, Drain Current and Drain-Source Voltage Waveforms Recovery Problem in Continuous-Current-Mode Boost Converters- Qun
Zhao, Student Member, IEEE, Fengfeng Tao, Student Member, IEEE,
Fred C. Lee, Fellow, IEEE, Peng Xu, Student Member, IEEE, and
Jia Wei, IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, VOL. 16, NO. 5,
VI. CONCLUSION SEPTEMBER 2001.
[13] Development of Interleaved Boost dc-dc Converter with closed loop
The proposed converter is designed for high power ap- control- Prasanna Kumar. C M Mahesh Professor Department of EEE,
PES Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
plications. It is composed of a interleaved boost converter [14] Interleaved High Step-Up Converter with Built-In Transformer and
and a non-isolated flyback converter. The design is analysed Voltage Doubler for PV Grid-connected Generation Systems- Weichen
and simulated using LTSpice software. The waveforms of Li, Wuhua Li, Wenfeng Cui, Yi Zhao, Bo Yang, Xiangning He, Fellow
IEEE, College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University.
capacitors C1 and C2 are also studied and found to coincide [15] A Novel Interleaved Non-Isolated Ultra High Step-Up DC-DC
with the expected result. The converter is designed for high Converter with ZVS Performance- Tohid Nouri, Naser Vosoughi,
power applications. The converter uses a combination of an Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Member, IEEE, and Mehran Sabahi, DOI
10.1109/TIE.2016.2645140, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electron-
interleaved boost converter and a flyback converter. It is ics.
observed that a gain of 4 is obtained at 93 per cent efficiency [16] Development of Interleaved Boost dc-dc Converter with closed loop
without causing excessive voltage or current stress in the control- Prasanna Kumar., Assistant Professor ,C M Mahesh, Professor,
Department of EEE, PES Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
elements. [17] Non-isolated high step-up interleaved boost converter- R. Girish Gane-
san, M. Prabhakar, Int. J. Power Electronics, Vol. 6, No. 3, 2014.
[18] Zero voltage switching floating output high gain interleaved dc-dc
R EFERENCES converter- Hujare, S.S. and Kirubakaran, A (2013), International Multi-
Conference on Automation, Computing, Communication, Control and
[1] Active Voltage Clamp in Flyback Converters Operating In CCM Mode Compressed Sensing (iMac4s), pp.358364.
Under Wide Load Variation -Nikolaos P. Papanikolaou and Emmanuel
C. Tatakis, IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, VOL. 51, NO.
3, JUNE 2004.
[2] 2] A Dual Output Flyback Converter for Photovoltaic Applications-
Piyush Bhardwaj’ and Kowsalya,1st IEEE International Conference on
Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-
2016).
[3] The Photovoltaic Module Fed Push Pull Converter with MPPT Con-
troller for Solar Energy Applications-Preethishri R.S., K. Kalai Selvi
, 1st IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent
Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016).
[4] Analysis and Implementation of a novel single-switch high step-up
DC-DC converter-Y.-P. Hsieh1 J.-F. Chen1 T.-J. Liang1 L.-S. Yang2,
Published in IET Power Electronics, Received on 31st August 2010,
Revised on 18th May 2011, doi: 10.1049/iet-pel.2010.0279.
[5] A Cascaded High Step-Up DCDC Converter With Single Switch for
Microsource Applications- Shih-Ming Chen, Student Member, IEEE,
Tsorng-Juu Liang, Member, IEEE, Lung-Sheng Yang, and Jiann-Fuh
Chen, Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, VOL.
26, NO. 4, APRIL 2011
[6] Analysis of DC Bus Capacitor Current Ripple Reduction in Basic
DC/DC Cascaded Two-Stage PowerConverters-Le An, Member, IEEE
and Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu, Senior Member, IEEE, Manuscript received
October 22, 2015; revised January 13, 2016, March 09, 2016 and May
18, 2016; accepted June 10, 2016.
[7] Application Of Luo Converter And Multilevel Cascaded Converter
For Grid Integration Of Solar PV Systems-G.Sivasankar, K.Vidhyaa,
E.Anitha, B.Ashok Kumar, P.Vairaprakash, 2016 International Confer-
ence on Circuit, Power and Computing Technologies [ICCPCT].
[8] Analysis of DC Bus Capacitor Current Ripple Reduction in Ba-
sic DC/DC Cascaded Two Stage Power Converters- Le An, Mem-
ber, IEEE and Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu, Senior Member, IEEE, DOI
10.1109/TIE.2016.2594162, IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electron-
ics.

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NON ISOLATED HIGH GAIN DC-DC

Fig. 5. Output Current and Voltage Waveforms

where n is the turns ratio corresponding to the flyback

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