Unit 2 Part of Speech The Eight Parts of Speech: Man... Malikussaleh University... House... Happiness

UNIT 2
PART OF SPEECH
The Eight Parts Of Speech
There are eight parts of speech in the English language:

noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition,
conjunction, and interjection. The part of speech indicates
how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically
within the sentence. An individual word can function as
more than one part of speech when used in different
circumstances. Understanding parts of speech is essential
for determining the correct definition of a word when using
the dictionary.
1. NOUN
 A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or

idea.
man... Malikussaleh University... house... happiness
A noun is a word for a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns

are often used with an article (the, a, an), but not
always. Proper nouns always start with a capital letter;
common nouns do not. Nouns can be singular or plural,
concrete or abstract. Nouns show possession by adding
's. Nouns can function in different roles within a sentence;
for example, a noun can be a subject, direct object, indirect
object, subject complement, or object of a preposition.
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The young girl brought me a very long letter from the
teacher, and then she quickly disappeared. Oh my!
2. PRONOUN
 A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.
She... we... they... it
A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. A pronoun is

usually substituted for a specific noun, which is called its
antecedent. In the sentence above, the antecedent for the
pronoun she is the girl. Pronouns are further defined by
type: personal pronouns refer to specific persons or things;
possessive pronouns indicate ownership; reflexive pronouns
are used to emphasize another noun or pronoun; relative
pronouns introduce a subordinate clause; and
demonstrative pronouns identify, point to, or refer to nouns.

3. VERB
 A verb expresses action or being.
jump... is... write... become
The verb in a sentence expresses action or being. There is

a main verb and sometimes one or more helping verbs.
("She can sing."Sing is the main verb; can is the helping
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verb.) A verb must agree with its subject in number (both
are singular or both are plural). Verbs also take different
forms to express tense.

4. ADJECTIVE
 An adjective modifies or describes a noun or

pronoun.
pretty... old... blue... smart
An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or

a pronoun. It usually answers the question of which one,
what kind, or how many. (Articles [a, an, the] are usually
classified as adjectives.)

5. ADVERB
 An adverb modifies or describes a verb, an

adjective, or another adverb.
gently... extremely... carefully... well
An adverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or

another adverb, but never a noun. It usually answers the
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questions of when, where, how, why, under what conditions,
or to what degree. Adverbs often end in -ly.

6. PREPOSITION
 A preposition is a word placed before a noun or

pronoun to form a phrase modifying another
word in the sentence.
by... with.... about... until
(by the tree, with our friends, about the book, until
tomorrow)
A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to

form a phrase modifying another word in the
sentence. Therefore a preposition is always part of a
prepositional phrase. The prepositional phrase almost
always functions as an adjective or as an adverb. The
following list includes the most common prepositions:

7. CONJUNCTION
 A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.
and... but... or... while... because
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A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses, and
indicates the relationship between the elements
joined. Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically
equal elements: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet. Subordinating
conjunctions connect clauses that are not equal: because,
although, while, since, etc. There are other types of
conjunctions as well.

8. INTERJECTION
 An interjection is a word used to express

emotion.
Oh!... Wow!... Oops!
An interjection is a word used to express emotion. It is often

followed by an exclamation point.

Exercises
What part of speech are the underlined words?
1. She thought of a wise plan.
2. I want to go now.
14
3. Where are you going?
4. That was a lovely evening.
5. My father works in a factory.
6. She must be a stupid.
7. Selena is my best friend.
8. The dress was expensive; still I bought it.
9. It is my doll.
10. The sun gives us heat and light.
11. Do it quickly.
12. She went to the market to buy some vegetables.
13. I helped him because I liked him.
14. Jasmines are white in color.
15. The cat is under the bed.
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UNIT 2

The Eight Parts Of Speech

There are eight parts of speech in the English language:

 A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or

A noun is a word for a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns

 A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.

A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. A pronoun is

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 A verb expresses action or being.

The verb in a sentence expresses action or being. There is

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 An adjective modifies or describes a noun or

An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 An adverb modifies or describes a verb, an

An adverb describes or modifies a verb, an adjective, or

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 A preposition is a word placed before a noun or

A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses.

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

 An interjection is a word used to express

An interjection is a word used to express emotion. It is often

The young girl brought me a very long letter from the

What part of speech are the underlined words?

1. She thought of a wise plan.

4. That was a lovely evening.

5. My father works in a factory.

6. She must be a stupid.

7. Selena is my best friend.

8. The dress was expensive; still I bought it.

10. The sun gives us heat and light.

12. She went to the market to buy some vegetables.

13. I helped him because I liked him.

14. Jasmines are white in color.

15. The cat is under the bed.

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