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    Evaluating Bond Strength For 15.2 MM (0.6 In.) Diameter Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade 270, Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors

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    Evaluating Bond Strength For 15.2 MM (0.6 In.) Diameter Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade 270, Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors

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    Production Department
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    A981

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    Evaluating Bond Strength For 15.2 MM (0.6 In.) Diameter Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade 270, Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors

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    of 3

    Designation: A 981 – 97

    AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS


    100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
    Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM

    Standard Test Method for


    Evaluating Bond Strength for 15.2 mm (0.6 in.) Diameter
    Prestressing Steel Strand, Grade 270, Uncoated, Used in
    Prestressed Ground Anchors1
    This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 981; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
    original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
    superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

    1. Scope embedded in cement grout.


    1.1 This test method describes procedures to establish the 3.1.2 bonded length—the length of the test strand that is in
    relative bond strength of 15.2 mm (0.6 in.) diameter, Grade 270 contact with the cement grout.
    prestressing steel strand in cement grout as used in prestressed 4. Apparatus
    ground anchors for the purpose of evaluating the effects of
    manufacturing practices on bond strength. 4.1 Equipment—A suitable tensile test machine or load
    1.2 The bond strength values obtained shall not be used to frame shall be used. The loading system shall be calibrated in
    design the bond length of ground anchors that depend on field accordance with Practices E 4. The test system shall have
    conditions. sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various compo-
    1.3 This test method is not intended to be used as a bond test nents and shall ensure that the applied tensile load remains
    for pretensioned concrete applications. parallel to the axis of the prestressing steel strand during
    1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the testing.
    standard. The values given in parentheses are for information 4.2 Strand Displacement Measurements—Displacements of
    only. the free end of the prestressing steel strand shall be measured
    1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the with respect to the loaded surface of the test specimen using
    safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the suitable measurement devices. Dial gages having the smallest
    responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- division of not more than 25 µm (0.001 in.) or linear variable
    priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- differential transformers (LVDTs) with equal or superior accu-
    bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. racy are examples of satisfactory devices.

    2. Referenced Documents 5. Test Specimen


    2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.1 Prestressing Steel Strand—shall be 15.2 mm (0.6 in.)
    A 416 Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven Wire diameter, Grade 270 and comply with Specification A 416 and
    for Prestressed Concrete2 shall be cut from standard production coils. The surface of the
    C 150 Specifications for Portland Cement3 test samples shall not be wiped or cleaned in order to preserve
    C 511 Specification for Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms and their original condition. Minimum recommended sample
    Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic length is 750 mm (30 in.).
    Cements and Concrete3 5.2 Strand Bond Test Specimen—The test specimen shall
    C 1019 Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grouts4 consist of the prestressing steel strand embedded in cement
    E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines5 grout and centered inside a steel pipe, 125 mm (5 in.) O.D. with
    a 3 mm (0.125 in.) wall, 450 mm (18 in.) long with a 150 by
    3. Terminology 150 by 6 mm (6 by 6 by 0.25 in.) base plate welded, or
    3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: otherwise leakproof connected to one end of the steel pipe.
    3.1.1 bond strength—maximum measured load in a pull test Other mold designs, including reusable molds, shall be per-
    on a 15.2 mm (0.6 in.) diameter prestressing steel strand missible, provided that the dimensions and confinement in
    regard to circumferential stress provided for the grout body are
    the same. A hole in the base plate shall allow the strand to pass
    1
    This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, through. A 50 mm (2 in.) long debonding tube shall be
    Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
    A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
    positioned on the strand above the base plate and the strand
    Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published September 1998. shall protrude at least 50 6 10 mm (2 6 0.5 in.) from the top
    2

    3
    Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04. of the grouted steel tube. A typical test specimen is illustrated
    Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. in Fig.1.
    4
    Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
    5
    Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. 5.3 Test Specimen Preparation—The untensioned strand

    1
    A 981
    specimen shall be installed and centered inside the steel pipe as 5.5 The loss in height of the cured test cylinder because of
    shown in Fig. 1. A sealing agent shall be applied around the grout bleed or drainage of water, or both, through the inter-
    hole in the base plate to prevent leakage of grout from the stices of the seven-wire strand shall not be more that 13 mm
    sample during casting. (0.5 in.). Test cylinders with a height loss of more than 13 mm
    5.3.1 The grout shall be made solely from fresh portland (0.5 in.) shall be discarded and new test cylinders prepared
    cement conforming to Specification C 150, Type I with a using a more thorough mixing of the grout or sealing the
    water/cement ratio of 0.45. Water shall be potable. The cement interstices of the seven-wire strand, or both, within the 50 mm
    shall be added to the water. Mixing of the grout shall continue (2 in.) wide tape bond breaker zone shown in Fig. 1. However,
    until the grout is free of lumps and undispersed cement. The tests performed successfully on test cylinders shorter than the
    grout then shall be poured into the steel tube to completely fill allowed minimum length, shall be deemed acceptable.
    it.
    5.4 Test Specimen Conditioning—The test specimen includ- 6. Pull Test
    ing the grout test cubes, shall be cured according to Specifi- 6.1 Pull Test Setup—With the test specimen supported with
    cation C 511 at a 23 6 1.7°C (74 6 3°F) temperature and its base plate on the table of the test machine or load frame, the
    minimum 95 percent relative humidity until the grout strength, free strand protruding from the base plate shall be gripped by
    as determined according to Test Method C 1019 on at least two the jaws of the test machine or load frame with a minimum of
    50 by 50 by 50 mm (2 by 2 by 2 in.) test cubes, has reached a 300 mm (12 in.) of free strand in between the base plate and the
    compressive strength of 24 to 28 MPa (3500 to 4000 psi). The jaws.
    seal around the hole in the base plate may be removed once the 6.1.1 A dial gage or other suitable measuring device shall be
    grout has set. positioned to measure the longitudinal displacement at the
    unloaded end of the test specimen. A suitable test setup is
    shown in Fig. 2.
    6.2 Pull Test Procedure—Testing shall not commence be-
    fore the grout has reached a compressive strength of 24 MPa
    (3500 psi), but before reaching a 28 MPa (4000 psi) strength.
    6.2.1 The pull force shall be applied to the test specimen at
    a rate of 2.5 mm (0.1 in.) per minute, with a tolerance of 6

    FIG. 1 Untensioned Strand Specimen FIG. 2 Pull Test Setup

    2
    A 981
    25%, until the displacement at the unloaded end of the strand 7.1.5 Description of the grout used, including mix design,
    sample reaches 0.25 mm (0.01 in.) at which point the force compressive strength at a time of test (average of a minimum
    shall be recorded. of two cubes), and
    NOTE 1—Although not required, it is advisable to use a continuous 7.1.6 Individual load value (bond strength), in N (lb), for
    load/displacement recording device. The shape of the load/displacement each test specimen at a displacement of 0.25 mm (0.01 in.).
    curve may yield valuable insight on the bond behavior of the strand
    sample.
    8. Precision and Bias
    7. Report 8.1 No statement is made on the precision or bias of this test
    7.1 Report the following information: method since the test results indicate only whether there is
    7.1.1 Date of test and report, conformance to given criteria and since no generally accepted
    7.1.2 Identification of the prestressing steel strand: method for determining precision and bias of this test method
    7.1.2.1 Strand size and grade, is currently available. General guidelines provided herein for
    7.1.2.2 Manufacturer of strand, the specimens, instrumentation and procedures make the re-
    7.1.2.3 Date of strand manufacture, sults intractable to calculation of meaningful values by statis-
    7.1.2.4 Coil or lot number, tical analysis for precision and bias at this time.
    7.1.3 Any presence of corrosion on the strand tested shall be
    reported. 9. Keywords
    7.1.4 Description of any deviations from the fabrication of
    the test specimen and testing procedures specified. 9.1 bond test; ground anchors; prestressing steel strand

    The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
    with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
    patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

    This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
    if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
    and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
    technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your
    views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

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