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    A800

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    A800

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    106 views6 pages

    A800

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    Designation: A 800/A800M ~ 91 (Reapproved 1997)*' tonne hrs Soe St Sandor Copa AST afl Standard Practice for Steel Casting, Austenitic Alloy, Estimating Ferrite Content Thereof! This stn sists under theFines deigation A SDWAEOOM; the nore mney alow the dspnation ides the ear ‘of enigial adoption ain he ese o evisu he yer of an evn, A suber parentheses ies the year of ls reopyrvel ‘Aspen ep 6) adktes an dol change sins heat von or rappona 1. Scope J.1 This practice covers procedures and definitions. for estimating ferrite content in certain grades of austenitic iron- chromium-nickel alloy castings that have compositions bal- anced to ereate the formation of ferrite as a second phase in amounts controled to be within specified limits. Methods are described for estimating ferrite content by chemical, magnetic, and metallographic means. 1.2 The grades covered by this practice are: CP-3, CR-3A. CE-8, CF-8A, CF-3M, CF-3MA, CFM, CE-8C, CG-8M, and CHAO. 1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI its are fo be regarded separately as standard. Within the Cex, the SI units are shown in brackets. Tho values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the too systems may result in nonconformance with the practice 14 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It isthe responsibilty of the user of his standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory imitations prior ro use 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards ‘A 351/A35IM Specification for Castings, Austenitic, Aus- tenitieFerritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing Parts? ‘4.370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steet Products? A T99/AT99M Practice for Stoel Castings, Stainless, Instru- ment Calibration, for Estimating Ferrite Content® A919 Terminology Relating Heat Treatment of Metals? E38 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Niekel-Chromium and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys* "This price it under the jrton of ASTM Comite AI om Stel Snes Sel, ad elt Aya ishe drs respons of Subsomvaier Adlon Casey Carr editoe sppoved Avg. 15, 1901. Pubioded Getber 1991. Originally * Anal Book of ASTM Standards, Vel 0.02 anual Book of ASTM Standart, Nl 01.03. “annual Book of ASTM Standards, No OBES. ed and Table X12 comet mber 1997, E353 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium- Nickel-Iron Alioys* 5 562 Practice for Determining Volume Fractidn by Sys- tematic Manual Point Count® 22. Constimtion Diagrams: Schoefer Diagram for Estimating Ferrite Content o Jess Steel Castings (1980 revision)? Schaeffler Diagram for Estimating Ferrite Content of Stain- les Steel Weld Metal” DeLong Diagram for Esti Steel Weld Metal* 23. American Welding Society Specification: AWS A 4.2, Procedures for Calibrating Magnetic Instr tents (o Measure the Delta Ferrite Content of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Metal? ting Ferrite Content of Stainless 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 ferrite—the ferromagnetic, body-centered, cubic: ‘microstructural constituent of variable chemical composition in iron-chromium-nicke! alloys. This may be formed upon solidi- fication from the molten metal (delta ferrite) or by transforma tion from austenite or sigma phase on cooling in the solid state (alpha ferrite) 3.1.2 ferrite content—the proportion of total volume of an iron-chromium-nickel alloy present as the ferrite phase. 3.1.3 ferrite number—the ferrite content expressed as an arbitrary number based on the magnetic response of the alloy ina weld deposit, 3.1.4 ferrite percentage—the ferrite content expressed as a Volume percent, 3.1.5 heat treaiment—the definitions in Terminology A919 are applicable to this practice, Araet Bok of ASTM Slondoras, Nol 0301 ‘Appendix of his prac. 7 Meal Prove Data Book, Anse Solty fr Meta, MSS Ine 197, * Writing Jounal, American Welding Society, VOU 38. No.7, July 1973, p Drs ‘vale from de American Welding aces, PO. Box 381040, 50 N. W, ‘Leleane Ra, Mian, FLSISS (jb A 800/A800m 4. Significance and Use 4.1 ‘The tensile and impact properties, the weldability, and the corrosion resistance of iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings ‘may be influenced beneficially or detrimentally by the ratio of the amount of ferrite to the amount of austenite in the microstructure. The ferrite content may be limited by purchase oder requirements or by the design construction codes gov- ering the equipment in which the castings will be used. ‘The {quantity of ferrite in the structure is fundamentally a function (of the chemical composition of the alloy and its thermal history. Because of segregation, the chemical composition, and, therefore, the ferrite content, may differ from point to point on a casting. Determination of the ferrite content by any Of the procedures described in the following practice is subject to varying degrees of imprecision which must be recognized in setting realistic limits on the range of ferrite content specified. Sources of error include the following: 4.1.1 fn Determinations from Chemical Composition— Deviations from the actual quantity of each element present in fan alloy because of chemical analysis variance, although possibly minor in each case, can result im substantial difference In the ratio of total fertite-promoting, 19 total austenito- promoting elements. Therefore, the precision of the ferrite ‘content estimated from chemical composition depends on the accuracy of the chemical analysis procedure. 4.1.2 In Determinations from Magnetic Response—Phases other than ferrite and austenite may de formed at certain temperatures and persist at room temperature, These may so alter the magnetic response of the alloy that the indicated ferrite content is quite different from that of the same chemical composition that has undergone different thermal treatment. ‘Also, because the magnets or probes of the various measuring instruments are small, diferent degrees of surface roughness or surface curvature will vary the magnetic linkage with the material being measured 4.1.3 In Determinations from — Merallographic Examination Metallographic point count estimates of ferrite percentage may vary with the etching technique used for identification of the ferrite phase and with the number of grid points chosen for the examination, as explained in Test Method E502. “4.2 The estimation of ferrite percent by chemical composi tion offers the most useful and most common method of ferrite contro! during melting of the metal 4.3 For most accurate estimate of ferrite percent, a quanti- tative metallographic method should be used 5. Ordering Information 5.1 Orders for material to this practice should include the following as required: 5.1.1 Applicable ASTM product specification or other docu- ‘ment covering produet requirements, 5.1.2 Alloy grade, 5.1.3 Requited ferrite content range, in volume percent, of the castings after final heat treatment, Also, if desired by the ppurchascr, required ferrite conient range, in ferrite number, for ‘weld deposits (Note 1) as deposited, and 5.1.4 Supplementary requirements, if any, desired. [Nore 1—There may be a substantial decrease inthe ferrite content of weld deposits after solution heat treatment in comparison with the fe-deposited value 6. General Caution 6.1 In specifying ferrite content as required in 5.1.3. the purchaser should not set limits that conflict with applicable trate specification requirements: for example, x maximum limit of 10 % ferrite for Grade CF-3A in Specification A 3517 ‘A 351M for which the minimum tensile strength requirements 77 ksi (530 MPa 2 When Supplementary Requirement SI is specific, the purchaser should set ferrite content fimits that sre compatible With the measuring instrument to be used 7 Estimation of Ferrite Content 11 Estimation in the base metal of the casting by chemical composition in accordance with the Sehoeier diagram (see Appendix) TIL A chemical analysis of the heat from which the castings. are poured shall include the following elements whether oF not required by the chemical requirements of the product specification: carbon, manganese, silicon, ehzomium, nickel, molybdenum, columbium, and nitrogen. “LLL Upon written agreement betvicen the purchaser and the producer, an estimated nitrogen content may be reported instead of an amount determined by analysis of the specific heat if actual chemical analyses have been made for nitrogen in 4 sucient numbcr of heats of the same alloy type, produced by the same melting prctce, to establish the average aitogen content to be expected “1.2 The ferrite content of the casting shall be estimated from the central line of the diagram atthe composition ratio of “chromium equivalent” (Cx,) to “nickel equivalent” (Ni) determined from the following formula: (Cats) + 1.SSi(%) + LAME) + Cb) — 4.99) BOCL) + 0.SMa(%) = 26(N ~ 0.02%) + 2.77) = Cri) 711.3 When a prodict analysis is made by the parehaser, it shail include the elements fisted in 7.1.1. If 2 comparison is tmade of ferrite content estimated from a product analysis performed by the purchaser, with that estimated from the heat lnalysis (se 7.1-D. the reproducibility data in the precision Catements of Test Methods E 353 shall be used as a guide. “L131 Methods E38 or Test Methods E 353, as applicable, shail be used as referee chemical analysis methods. 7.2 Estimation in weld deposits by chemical composition in accordance withthe Schaeffler or DeLong diayrans 2.1 The ferrite content shall be estimated 0) fromm the deposit chemical analysis included on the electrode manafac tuier’s cenied material test report, oF (®) from chemical fnalysis of a weld deposit pad made by the casting manufac- ture. “13 Estimation of ferrite concent in heat, product, or weld metal may be made by the magnetic response or metallo- {aphie methods by imposition of Supplementary Require- ments SI or 82, respectively. 8, Acceptance Standards 8.1 Conformance with the required ferrite content range specified in 5.1.3 as indicated by the estimation procedure of (jb A soo/asoom 7.1 and 7.2 shall be the basis for acceptance of material supplied under this practice unless other methods of estimation are ordered as supplementary requirements, in which case the supplementary requirement shall be the basis of acceptance, 8.2 If lack of conformance with the ferrite concent range specified in 5.1.3 is indicated by a product analysis made by the purchaser (7.1.3) and by a referee analysis as provided in 7.1.3.1. rejection of material shall be subject to the tests of 73 as established by writen agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 9. Certification 9.1 The manufucturer’s cenification shall be furnished 10 the purchaser stating that the material was sampled and ested in accordance with the specification (including year date) and ‘was found to meet the requirements 9.2 The test report shall contain the results of the actuat ‘chemical analyses required by 7.1.1 and 7.2.1 and the indicated ferrite content range. The estimates of ferrite content from magnetic measurements ($1) or from point counts ($2), oF both, if ordered by the purchaser, also shall be reported, 9.3 The test report shall be signed by an authorized agent of the manufacturer. 9.4 The test report shall be furnished within five working

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